The Merchant of Venice is a 16th-century play written by William Shakespeare in which a merchant in Venice named Antonio defaults on a large loan provided by a Jewish moneylender, Shylock. It is believed to have been written between 1596 and 1599.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan is a western targum (translation) of the Torah (Pentateuch) from the land of Israel. Its correct title was originally Targum Yerushalmi, which is how it was known in medieval times. But because of a printer's mistake it was later labeled Targum Jonathan, in reference to Jonathan ben Uzziel. Some editions of the Pentateuch continue to call it Targum Jonathan to this day. Most scholars refer to the text as Targum Pseudo-Jonathan or TPsJ.
A beth din is a rabbinical court of Judaism. In ancient times, it was the building block of the legal system in the Biblical Land of Israel. Today, it is invested with legal powers in a number of religious matters both in Israel and in Jewish communities in the Diaspora, where its judgements hold varying degrees of authority in matters specifically related to Jewish religious life.
Elia Levita, also known as Elijah Levita, Elias Levita, Élie Lévita, Elia Levita Ashkenazi, Eliahu Levita, Eliyahu haBahur, Elye Bokher, was a Renaissance Hebrew grammarian, scholar and poet. He was the author of the Bovo-Bukh, the most popular chivalric romance written in Yiddish. Living for a decade in the house of Cardinal Egidio da Viterbo, he was also one of the foremost tutors of Christian notables in Hebrew and Jewish mysticism during the Renaissance.
Jonathan ben Uzziel was one of the 80 tannaim who studied under Hillel the Elder during the time of Roman-ruled Judea. He is the author of Targum Jonathan and a book of kabbalah known as Megadnim.
Marc D. Angel is rabbi emeritus of Congregation Shearith Israel, the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue in New York City.
Palestinian Jews were Jewish inhabitants of Palestine prior to the establishment of the modern state of Israel.
A doge was an elected lord and chief of state in many of the Italian city-states during the medieval and renaissance periods. Such states are referred to as "crowned republics".
Rabbi Hayim David HaLevi, also written Haim David ha-Levi, etc. , was Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv-Jaffa. He was born in Jerusalem and studied under Rabbi Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel at the Porat Yosef Yeshiva. When R. Uziel was appointed Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Israel, he hired R. HaLevi as his personal secretary and as a close student. He then served as the rabbi of various cities in Israel:
Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel was the Sephardi chief rabbi of Mandatory Palestine from 1939 to 1948, and of Israel from 1948 until his death in 1953.
Isaac ben Abraham Uziel was a Spanish physician, poet and grammarian, born at Fez, Morocco. At one time he held the position of rabbi at Oran, Algeria, but late in life he left that city to settle in Amsterdam, where he opened a Talmudical school which counted among its pupils Manasseh ben Israel and Isaac Aboab da Fonseca. Dissatisfied with the laxity in religious matters which he noticed among many members of the Sephardic community, Uziel delivered a series of lectures which led to the foundation of a new congregation under the name of "Neveh Shalom". In 1610, at the death of Judah Vega, the first rabbi of the new congregation, Uziel was called to the rabbinate.
Hayyim ben Abraham Uziel was a Sephardic Jew scholar and author who flourished in the latter half of the 16th century in the Ottoman Empire. He wrote Meḳor Ḥayyim, an ethical work in Judæo-Spanish.
Jacob Uziel was a physician and poet of the 17th century. He was of Spanish extraction, but emigrated to Italy at an early age, and settled in Venice, where he became famous for his medical skill. He was the author of Dawid, an epic poem in twelve cantos, written in Italian.
Joseph Uziel was an Italian scholar and rabbi. He was a pupil of Isaac Aboab of Castile, and left a responsum, which is included in the collection of Joseph di Trani.
Samuel Uziel was a Talmudist and scholar of the 17th century, rabbi of Livorno. He is mentioned in a responsum in the collection Mayim Rabbim of Raphael Meldola.
Samuel ben Joseph Uziel was a rabbi and physician of Spanish extraction who officiated as rabbi at Salonica, where he also practised medicine.
Samuel Pallache was a Jewish Moroccan-born merchant, diplomat, and pirate of the Pallache family, who, as envoy, concluded a treaty with the Dutch Republic in 1608. He is likely an ancestor of Haim Palachi of 19th-century Izmir.
Baruch Uziel was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Liberal Party and Gahal between 1961 and 1969.
Emanuel Raphael Belilios, CMG, JP was a Hong Kong Jewish opium dealer and businessman.
Shylock is a character in William Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice. A Venetian Jewish moneylender, Shylock is the play's principal antagonist. His defeat and conversion to Christianity form the climax of the story.
The public domain consists of all the creative work to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly waived, or may be inapplicable.
Isidore Singer was an editor of The Jewish Encyclopedia and founder of the American League for the Rights of Man.
The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day is an English-language encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on the history, culture, and state of Judaism up to the early-20th century. The encyclopedia's managing editor was Isidore Singer and the editorial board was chaired by Isaac K. Funk and Frank H. Vizetelly.
