Judas goat

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A Judas goat is a trained goat used in animal herding. Judas goats are trained to associate with sheep or cattle and lead them to a specific destination. In stockyards, a Judas goat will lead sheep to slaughter [1] while its own life is spared. Judas goats are also used to lead other animals to specific pens and onto trucks. They have fallen out of use in recent times, [2] but can still be found in various smaller slaughterhouses in some parts of the world, as well as conservation projects. [3]

Contents

Cattle herders may use a Judas steer to serve the same purpose as a Judas goat. Both the term and the technique itself originated from cattle drives in the United States in the 1800s. [4] [5]

The term is a reference to Judas Iscariot, an apostle of Jesus Christ who betrayed Jesus as told in the New Testament of the Bible. [6]

Use in tracking invasive species

The phrase has also been used to describe specially trained goats that are used to find feral goats targeted for eradication. These Judas goats are usually sterilized, outfitted with a transmitter, and/or marked with red paint for tracking purposes. Upon their release, the goat finds the feral herds, allowing hunters to exterminate them. [7] The podcast Radiolab dedicated a portion of its episode on the Galápagos Islands to the impact of feral goats on the islands' environments, and the use of Judas goats to restore ecological balance. [8] [9] Judas goats are also used to target other invasive species. These include camels in Australia, pigs in America, rats in Mexico, and raccoon dogs in Europe. [10]

Goat eradication on San Clemente Island

Endemic species on San Clemente Island have been degraded by feral goats since 1875. [11] Under the administration of the United States Navy, a program of intensive eradication between 1972 and 1989 eliminated 28,000 goats on the island. Some feral goats were able to find cover in the rugged terrain and eradication efforts were hindered by frequent naval bombardment operations. Between 1989 and 1991, a dozen radio-collared Judas goats were used on the island to locate the remaining feral goats. 263 goats were killed. [12]

Project Isabela in the Galápagos Islands

Project Isabela was a goat extermination initiative in the Galápagos Islands that started in 1997 and ended in 2006. [3] Approximately 140,000 goats were living in the wild on the islands and threatening the local ecosystem. Goats were killed by gunmen in helicopters and on foot. Judas goats were used to lure the remaining goats to their death. [13] The project cost 6 million dollars. [14]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Dockter, Mason (31 March 2018). "Untold story of the Stockyards: Judas goats". Sioux City Journal. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
  2. ↑ Ulu-Lani Boyanton, Megan (2023-08-10). "Whatever Happened to the Judas Goats?". Ambrook Research. Archived from the original on 2024-12-20. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  3. 1 2 "Project Isabela". Galápagos Conservancy. Archived from the original on 2022-07-18. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
  4. ↑ Popik, Barry. "Entry from January 02, 2007 Judas Steer". Archived from the original on 3 October 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  5. ↑ Jeffrey Kacirk (2005). Informal English: Puncture Ladies, Egg Harbors, Mississippi Marbles, and Other Curious Words and Phrases of North America. Simon and Schuster. p. 113. ISBN   978-0-7432-7195-0.
  6. ↑ {{cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022&version=NIV |title=Luke 22 New International Version|website=https://www.biblegateway.com |access-date=28 December 2024 |publisher= Harper Collins Christian Publishing, Inc.|
  7. ↑ Sharp, Trudy; Saunders, Glen. "GOA005 use of Judas goats" (PDF). www.dpi.nsw.gov.au. NSW Department of Primary Industries. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  8. ↑ Abumrad, Jad; Krulwich, Robert, hosts. (2014-07-17) "Galapagos." Produced by Jad Abumrad and Tim Howard. Radiolab . WNYC Studios. Archived from the original on 2024-12-20.
  9. ↑ Hirsch, Jesse (2013-09-18). "Exterminating the Goats of Galapagos". Modern Farmer. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
  10. ↑ Moore, Keith (2016-05-07). "The Cute Creature Sweden Wants to Wipe Out". BBC . Archived from the original on 2024-12-20.
  11. ↑ Keegan, Dawn R.; Coblentz, Bruce E.; Winchell, Clark S. (1994). "Feral Goat Eradication on San Clemente Island, California". Wildlife Society Bulletin. 22 (1): 56–61. ISSN   0091-7648. JSTOR   3783223. Archived from the original on 2017-03-05. Retrieved 2023-06-03.
  12. ↑ Seward, Dawn R'Lene (1991-12-09). Use of the Judas Goat Technique to Eradicate the Remnant Feral Goat Population on San Clemente Island, California (Master's). Oregon State University. Archived from the original on 2021-06-14.
  13. ↑ Romero, Simon (2007-05-01). "In the Galápagos Islands, a battle between man and goat". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-07-18. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
  14. ↑ Stone, Daniel (2014-09-02). "On the Galapagos, The Betrayal of Judas Goats". National Geographic . Archived from the original on 2021-04-26.
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