 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source .(October 2023) |
Justin the Confessor | |
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| Priest and Martyr | |
| Died | 269 Rome |
| Honored in | Catholic Church Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Feast | 4 August |
Justin the Confessor (died 269) was a Christian martyr in the Roman Empire. He is honoured as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
Information regarding Justin and Crescentianus comes from the "Passion of Laurentius", in addition a Passio was written about Justin himself.
Justin the Confessor lived in the city of Rome at the time of the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire. It is believed that Justin was martyred, either under Emperor Claudius II or under Emperor Valerian.
Justin was ordained as a priest by Pope Sixtus II. As a presbyter he led the Christian community of Rome, coming to know personally many important early Christians who were later canonized, and over whose burials he presided as a priest. According to tradition, Justin baptized the widow Tryphonia of Rome and her daughter Cyrilla and, together with Crescentianus, buried the bodies of many martyrs, including those of Pope Sixtus II, Laurentius, Hippolytus, and Romanus of Rome, as well as many other saints in the Catacomb of Cyriaca on the Via Tiburtina - where the church of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura stands today. [1] Justin conducted the funerals of murdered Christians with the participation of the Church of Rome, for example, on the Via Salaria.
When Emperor Valerian heard that Justin worked fearlessly as a leader of the Christians in the community, encouraging them to stand up for their Christian faith. The emperor had him arrested at a funeral and brought to him. Justin was interrogated but would not forswear his faith. Valerian then ordered Justin to be beheaded. After his execution, Justin was buried by his community on the Via Tibutina in the coemeterium of St. Cyriaca. [1]
In the 7th century there was still a separate church nearby dedicated to Justin, but not yet rediscovered. [1] The relics of Saint Justin were first taken from Rome by Bishop Hitto of Freising, with the consent of Pope Gregory IV, and brought to be venerated into what is, today, the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising, where they are kept in Freising Cathedral.
In 834, Archbishop Otgar of Mainz made a pilgrimage to the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome. Upon his return he brought some of the relics of Justinus. He built Saint Justin's Church in Höchst to house them. Later the relics were moved in 1298 to Saint Alban's Abbey, Mainz; part of the relics, however, ended up in the monastery at the Einhard-Basilika in Seligenstadt. Since the Benedictines there were fellow caretakers of the old parish church of Wilmundsheim, which stood on what is today the graveyard lands, Saint Justin was venerated in Alzenau. The Wilmundsheim church was torn down long ago. Its successor building in present-day Alzenau has Justinus as its patron.Saint Justin's bones have never been in Alzenau.
The feast day of Saint Justin is celebrated in the Catholic Church on 4 August.
Canonization is the declaration of a deceased person as an officially recognized saint, specifically, the official act of a Christian communion declaring a person worthy of public veneration and entering their name in the canon catalogue of saints, or authorized list of that communion's recognized saints.
Pope Martin I, also known as Martin the Confessor, was the bishop of Rome from 21 July 649 to his death 16 September 655. He served as Pope Theodore I's ambassador to Constantinople and was elected to succeed him as Pope. He was the only pope during the Eastern Roman domination of the papacy whose election was not approved by an imperial mandate from Constantinople. For his strong opposition to Monothelitism, Pope Martin I was arrested by Emperor Constans II, carried off to Constantinople, and ultimately banished to Cherson. He is considered a saint by both the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church and he is the last pope recognized as a martyr.
Pope Callixtus I, also called Callistus I, was the bishop of Rome from c. 218 to his death c. 222 or 223. He lived during the reigns of the Roman emperors Elagabalus and Alexander Severus. Eusebius and the Liberian catalogue list his episcopate as having lasted five years (217–222). In 217, when Callixtus followed Zephyrinus as Bishop of Rome, he started to admit into the Church converts from sects or schisms. He was martyred for his Christian faith and is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church.
Pope Sixtus II, also written as Pope Xystus II, was bishop of Rome from 31 August 257 until his death on 6 August 258. He was martyred along with seven deacons, including Lawrence of Rome, during the persecution of Christians by the Emperor Valerian.
Pope Urban I, also known as Saint Urban (175?–230), was the bishop of Rome from 222 to 23 May 230. He was born in Rome and succeeded Callixtus I, who had been martyred. It was believed for centuries that Urban I was also martyred. However, recent historical discoveries now lead scholars to believe that he died of natural causes.
Pope Lucius I was the bishop of Rome from 25 June 253 to his death on 5 March 254. He was banished soon after his consecration, but gained permission to return. He was mistakenly classified as a martyr in the persecution by Emperor Valerian, which did not begin until after Lucius' death.
Pope Dionysius was the bishop of Rome from 22 July 259 to his death on 26 December 268. His task was to reorganize the Roman church, after the persecutions of Emperor Valerian I and the edict of toleration by his successor Gallienus. He also helped rebuild the churches of Cappadocia, devastated by the marauding Goths.
Pope Caius, also called Gaius, was the bishop of Rome from 17 December 283 to his death in 296. Little information on Caius is available except that given by the Liber Pontificalis, which relies on a legendary account of the martyrdom of Susanna of Rome for its information. According to legend, Caius baptized the men and women who had been converted by Tiburtius and Castulus. His legend states that Caius took refuge in the catacombs of Rome and died a martyr.
Justin may refer to:
Saint Lawrence or Laurence was one of the seven deacons of the city of Rome under Pope Sixtus II who were martyred in the persecution of the Christians that the Roman Emperor Valerian ordered in 258.
In the Catholic Church, the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints, previously named the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, is the dicastery of the Roman Curia that oversees the complex process that leads to the canonization of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and beatification. After preparing a case, including the approval of miracles, the case is presented to the pope, who decides whether or not to proceed with beatification or canonization.
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May 25 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 27
Cyriacus, sometimes Anglicized as Cyriac, according to Christian tradition, is a Christian martyr who was killed in the Diocletianic Persecution. He is one of twenty-seven saints, most of them martyrs, who bear this name, of whom only seven are honoured by a specific mention of their names in the Roman Martyrology.
Saint Anastasia is a Christian saint and martyr who died at Sirmium in the Roman province of Pannonia Secunda. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, she is venerated as St. Anastasia the Pharmakolytria, i.e. "Deliverer from Potions". This epithet is also translated as "One who Cures (Wounds)" in Lampe's A Patristic Greek Lexicon.
August 9 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 11
Saint Domnius was a Bishop of Salona around the year 300, and is venerated as the patron of the nearby city of Split in modern Croatia. Salona was a large Roman city serving as capital of the Province of Dalmatia. Saint Domnius was martyred with seven other Christians in the persecutions of the Emperor Diocletian. He was born in Antioch, in modern-day Turkey but historically in Syria, and beheaded in 304 at Salona.
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Castulus is venerated as a martyr and saint. According to tradition, he was the chamberlain of Emperor Diocletian and the husband of Irene of Rome.
Theonistus is a saint venerated by the Catholic Church. Theonistus is venerated with two companions, Tabra and Tabratha. Medieval documents give accounts of his life, which are contradictory and confused.
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