Justo Antonio de Olaguibel

Last updated
Justo Antonio de Olaguibel
Born7th of August, 1752
Vitoria, Spain
Died11th of February, 1818
Vitoria, Spain
NationalitySpanish
Known forFamous architect in Vitoria

Justo Antonio de Olaguibel was a Spanish architect born in Vitoria on 7 August 1752. He died in Vitoria on 11 February 1818. Olaguibel was one of the most important neoclassic architects in the Basque Country.

Contents

The architect studied in the Image School in Vitoria and in Royal San Fernando Academy of Madrid (in Spanish Academia Real San Fernando). He designed many landmarks of Vitoria, such as Los Arquillos or the Plaza España of Vitoria. He also designed two roads: the one which connected Vitoria with La Guardia and the road that connected Briñas and Amurrio, in 1792 and in 1793.

Biography

Early life

The Olaguibel family was originally from Durango. However, in the XVIII the family was already located in Vitoria and it was related to the field of construction. Justo Antonio's father, who was a master builder, took a lot of care of his son's career, so he signed his son up at an early age in the Drawing School of Vitoria, which was dependent of the Real Sociedad Bascongada de Amigos del País. The father's aim was his son to be educated following the academic methods of that period. As a student, Olaguibel stood out among the other pupils, due to his fast learning. This fact encouraged Olaguibel to apply for a place in the Royal San Fernando Academy of Fine Art , in Madrid, in order to improve his studies in architecture and to achieve the qualification he needed.

Beginning as an architect

In 1781, under mayor Ramón María de Urbina, Olaguíbel was offered to design the Plaza Nueva (currently known as Plaza de España), the first neoclassic square in Vitoria. [1] It served as a model for the main squares in Tudela, San Sebastian and Bilbao. This square became the centre of urban activity of Vitoria. Nevertheless, the square was not yet connected to the ancient part of the city, because of the slope between them. Therefore, Olaguibel designed Los Arquillos in 1790, which was a solution to the problem, as it connected the square with the old part of Vitoria harmoniously. Between the two parts are balconies and platforms connected by stairs. The purpose of the architect was to join the old and new parts of Vitoria in a fluent way.

These two works made Olaguibel famous, not only because of adding the first neoclassic buildings to Vitoria, but also to the Basque Country.

Religious architecture

After having creating these two works and specially after 1794, Olaguibel directed his career towards religious creations such as arcades, towers and other smaller constructions, which took part in many villages in the prairie of Alava. His career seemed to be prospering, but this change in the architect's mind made other architects from Vitoria and from other cities to take part in the construction of buildings in the city.

Justo Antonio de Olaguibel never had a government job, despite the high social class of his job. However, he was related to some personalities of the epoch, such as Samaniego.

Olaguibel spent most of his effort building the facade of the Magdalena Convent (Spanish: Convento de Magdalena) in 1783. The convent was located where the New Cathedral of Vitoria is now sited. Nevertheless, they managed not to demolish the building and the facade was transferred to Vicente Goikoetxea street. Fausto Iñiguez de Betolaza was the one in charge of the move.

Last years of life

In 1789 the architect built the San Andrés church in Elciego, showing his perfect architecture and how expert he was in his job. In 1806, before the Peninsular War Olaguibel designed the house of the bishop Juan Joé Díaz de Espada in Armentia.

Olaguibel died on the 11th of February, 1818, in Vitoria.

Important buildings

Plaza Espana in Vitoria Plaza de Espana. Vitoria.jpg
Plaza España in Vitoria

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vitoria-Gasteiz</span> Municipality in Basque Country, Spain

Vitoria-Gasteiz, also alternatively spelled as Vittoria in old English-language sources, is the seat of government and the capital city of the Basque Country and of the province of Álava in northern Spain. It holds the autonomous community's House of Parliament, the headquarters of the Government, and the Lehendakari's official residency. The municipality—which comprises not only the city but also the mainly agricultural lands of 63 villages around—is the largest in the Basque Country, with a total area of 276.81 square kilometres (106.88 sq mi), and it has a population of 253,093. The dwellers of Vitoria-Gasteiz are called vitorianos or gasteiztarrak, while traditionally they are dubbed babazorros.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuenca, Spain</span> Municipality in Castile–La Mancha, Spain

Cuenca is a city and municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha. It is the capital of the province of Cuenca.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tolosa, Spain</span> Municipality in País Vasco, Spain

Tolosa is a town and municipality in the Basque province of Gipuzkoa, in northern Spain. It is located in the valley of the river Oria, next by Uzturre, a local mountain topped by a white cross.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yecla</span> Municipality in Region of Murcia, Spain

Yecla is a town and municipality in eastern Spain, in the extreme north of the autonomous community of Murcia, located 96 km from the capital of the region, Murcia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral</span> Cathedral in Argentina

The Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral is the main Catholic church in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is located in the city center, overlooking Plaza de Mayo, on the corner of San Martín and Rivadavia streets, in the San Nicolás neighbourhood. It is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires and the primatial church of Argentina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanish Baroque architecture</span> Architecture of the Baroque era in Spain and its former colonies

Spanish Baroque is a strand of Baroque architecture that evolved in Spain, its provinces, and former colonies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juan de Villanueva</span> Spanish architect

Juan de Villanueva was a Spanish architect. Alongside Ventura Rodríguez, Villanueva is the best known architect of Spanish Neoclassicism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Catedral de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe</span> Historic cathedral in Ponce, Puerto Rico

The Catedral de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe is the cathedral for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ponce located in downtown Ponce, Puerto Rico. The cathedral lies in the middle of Ponce's town square, known as Plaza Las Delicias, located at the center of the Ponce Historic Zone. For its historic significance, the cathedral was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is the seat of the Bishop of Ponce, currently Rubén González Medina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ventura Rodríguez</span>

Ventura Rodríguez Tizón was a Spanish architect and artist. Born at Ciempozuelos, Rodríguez was the son of a bricklayer. In 1727, he collaborated with his father in the work at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuestra Señora de Loreto Church</span> Church building in Mexico City, Mexico

The Nuestra Señora de Loreto Church in the historic center of Mexico City was the last major church constructed during the colonial period. Constructed between 1806 and 1819, the church tilts significantly to one side due to being constructed of stone of two different weights. Loreto is one of a number of churches in the historic district that the Archdiocese of Mexico says is in imminent danger of being lost due to structural damage from the uneven sinking. In front of the church is a plaza named after the church which used to be the site of Mexico City’s first synagogue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Basilica of Saint Francis the Great</span> Roman Catholic church in Madrid, Spain

The Royal Basilica of Saint Francis the Great is a Roman Catholic church in central Madrid, Spain, located in the neighborhood of Palacio.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aberásturi</span> Hamlet in Álava, Spain

Aberásturi is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Vitoria-Gasteiz, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. It is located in the eastern part of the municipality, some 8 km (5.0 mi) from the city center, along the Ertekaberri river at the foot of a mountain and on a hillside.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plaza Nueva, Vitoria</span> Square in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain

Plaza de España or Plaza Nueva is a square in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1984.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plaza de la Virgen Blanca</span>

Plaza de la Virgen Blanca is one of the oldest meeting points in Vitoria-Gasteiz in the Basque Country of Spain. In the middle of it there is the monument to La batalla de Vitoria a battle which took place in the city in 1813 during the Napoleonic wars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Architecture of Madrid</span>

The architecture of Madrid has preserved the look and feel of many of its historic neighbourhoods and streets, even though Madrid possesses a modern infrastructure. Its landmarks include the Royal Palace of Madrid, the Royal Theatre with its restored 1850 Opera House, the Buen Retiro Park, the 19th-century National Library building containing some of Spain's historical archives, a large number of national museums, and the Golden Triangle of Art located along the Paseo del Prado and comprising three art museums: Prado Museum, the Reina Sofía Museum, and the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, which completes the shortcomings of the other two museums. Cibeles Palace and Fountain have become the monument symbol of the city.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Prudencio festival</span> Saints feast day celebration in Spain

The festival of San Prudencio, in the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain, is held around the saint's feast day. Due to its popularity, the city organizes a number of activities. The festival begins on 27 April in Plaza de la Diputación, where a stage is prepared for the traditional Basque dance groups.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plaza Nueva, Seville</span>

Plaza Nueva is a public square in the city center of Seville, Spain, which contains Seville city hall. The land the plaza is built on was formerly part of the San Fernando convent from 1270-1840. The land was later acquired by the local government and converted into a public square. The plaza was completed in 1856.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Torcuato Benjumeda</span> Spanish architect

Torcuato José Benjumeda y Laguada was a Spanish architect. A disciple of Torcuato Cayón, he was one of the most important Neoclassical architects in Andalusia, designing several of the most prominent buildings in Cádiz. These include the Royal Prison, the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul and the Ayuntamiento.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ramón María de Urbina, 2nd Marquess of la Alameda</span> Spanish politician and nobleman

Ramón María de Urbina y Gaytán de Ayala, 2nd Marquess of la Alameda was a Spanish politician and nobleman. He served as mayor of Vitoria and as Deputy General of Álava.

References

  1. Góngora, Francisco (25 March 2014). "El mejor alcalde de Vitoria". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 November 2022.