The Nakh languages are a group of languages within Northeast Caucasian family, spoken chiefly by the Chechens and Ingush in the North Caucasus.
Kumyks are a Turkic people, indigenous to Dagestan, Chechnya and North Ossetia. They are the largest Turkic people in the North Caucasus.
Kumyk is a Turkic language spoken by about 426,212 people, mainly by the Kumyks, in the Dagestan, North Ossetia and Chechen republics of the Russian Federation. Until the 20th century Kumyk was the lingua-franca of the Northern Caucasus.
The Dargwa or Dargin people are a Northeast Caucasian native ethnic group originating in the North Caucasus, and who make up the second largest ethnic group in the Russian republic of Dagestan. They speak the Dargwa language. The ethnic group comprises, however, all speakers of the Dargin languages; Dargwa is simply the standard variety.
The Caucasian War was an invasion of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire, which resulted in Russia's annexation of the areas of the North Caucasus, and the ethnic cleansing of Circassians. It consisted of a series of military actions waged by the Empire against the native peoples of the Caucasus including the Chechens, Adyghe, Abkhaz–Abaza, Ubykhs, Kumyks and Dagestanians as Russia sought to expand. Among the Muslims, resistance to the Russians was described as jihad.
Kaitag textiles are an unusual embroidered textile art form from the Kaytagsky District of southeast Dagestan, Russia, inhabited mainly by Dargins and Kumyks. Kaitag textiles are of simple construction, being laid and couched silk-floss embroidery on a cotton ground. The designs are often in the style of classical Safavid Persian art, sometimes illustrating horsemen and hunting scenes. Abstract Kaitag designs have been compared to those of Matisse and Paul Klee, though it is unlikely that either artist ever saw a Kaitag textile. Surviving examples are mostly from the 17th and 18th centuries. These embroideries were apparently made for local use in weddings, funerals, and for cradle trappings.
The Kurds in Azerbaijan form a part of the historically significant Kurdish population in the post-Soviet space. Kurds established a presence in the Caucasus with the establishment of the Kurdish Shaddadid dynasty in the tenth and eleventh centuries. Some Kurdish tribes were recorded in Karabakh by the end of the sixteenth century. However, virtually the entire contemporary Kurdish population in the Republic of Azerbaijan descends from migrants from 19th-century Qajar Iran.
Chirag is a language in the Dargin dialect continuum spoken in Dagestan, Russia. It is often considered a divergent dialect of Dargwa. Ethnologue lists it under the dialects of Dargwa but recognizes that it may be a separate language.
Lakia is an ancient ethnic region within the state of Dagestan. Its historical capital is Kumukh, one of the ancient cultural and religious centres of Lakia. The people of Lakia are self-designated as Laks and their native language is Lak.
"Gazikumukh Shamkhalate" is a term introduced in Russian-Dagestan historiography starting from the 1950s–60s to denote the Kumyk state that presumably existed on the territory of present-day Dagestan in the period of the 8th to 17th centuries with the capital in Gazi-Kumukh, and allegedly disintegrated in 1642. However, In the 16th century's Russian archival sources Tarki is stated to be the "capital of Shamkhalate" and "the city of Shamkhal", while "Kazi-Kumuk" is mentioned as a residence. These facts contradict "1642 disintegration" date. Moreover, there is absolutely no source before the 1950s containing the term "Gazikumukh Shamkhalate" or a statement that Gazi-Kumukh had ever been the capital of Shamkhalate. Historically, Shamkhalate is widely described as Tarki Shamkhalate or just Shamkhalate.
The Shamkhalate of Tarki, or Tarki Shamkhalate — was a Kumyk state in the eastern part of the North Caucasus, with its capital in the ancient town of Tarki. It formed on the territory populated by Kumyks and included territories corresponding to modern Dagestan and adjacent regions. After subjugation by the Russian Empire, the Shamkhalate's lands were split between the Empire's feudal domain with the same name extending from the river Sulak to the southern borders of Dagestan, between Kumyk possessions of the Russian Empire and other administrative units.
Gazikumukh Khanate was a Lak state that was established in present-day Dagestan after the disintegration of Gazikumukh Shamkhalate in 1642. Its peoples included various Lezgin tribes and Avars.
The Nukha Uyezd, also transliterated as Nukhinskiy Uyezd, sometimes called Shakinskiy Uyezd, was one of the uyezds of the Elisabethpol Governorate of the Russian Empire and later of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic with its center in Nukha from 1868 until its formal abolition in 1921 by the Soviet authorities of the Azerbaijan SSR.
Israpil Velijanov, also known as Emir Hassan, was the militant leader of the Vilayat Dagestan of the Caucasus Emirate, in the volatile southern Russian republic of Dagestan following the death of Magomed Vagabov.
The Terekeme people are an ethnic group of Azerbaijanis who live in Dagestan and in some southern regions of Azerbaijan as well as Turkey. The population is mainly engaged in cattle breeding and is most often seen as nomads.
Akhund Mahammadali Huseinzadeh — first shia Sheikh ul-Islam of the Caucasus from 1823 to 1852. Maternal great-grandfather of Ali bey Huseynzade.
Kizlyarka is a grape vodka named after the Russian city of Kizlyar, where much of the drink is produced. Kizlyarka's alcohol content is 40-45%.
Gazyr was an implement to hold a rifle charge: a tube with a bullet and a measure of gunpowder or a paper cartridge. They were carried in gazyr bags or in rows of small pockets on the breast. Later, gazyr pockets became a distinctive element of national dress of the peoples of Caucasus, such as the chokha.
Vladimir Schneider is a Russian historian, Doctor of Historical Sciences. He is the author of more than 120 scientific works, among which 6 monographs. He is a professor in the department of universal and national history of Armavir State Pedagogical University. Worked as dean of the history department of ASPU from 1999 to 2011. The main directions of scientific work: the socio-cultural aspect of the history of the peoples of the North Caucasus; Soviet national policy in the North Caucasus of 1917 - the end of the 1950s; the history of the deportations, the stay at the special settlement and the rehabilitation of the North Caucasian peoples; historical and cultural integration processes in the North Caucasus; the history of the German diaspora in the Kuban; historical research methodology issues.
Kumykia, or rarely called Kumykistan, is a historical and geographical region, encompassing territories of the historically and currently populate by the Turkic-speaking people of Kumyks. Kumykia was the main "granary of Dagestan". The important trade routes, such as Great Silk Road, passed through it.
