Kubachi language

Last updated
Kubachi
гӀугъбуган
ghug’bugan
Native to North Caucasus
Region Dagestan
Native speakers
7,000 (2020) [1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 ugh
Glottolog kuba1248

Kubachi (alternatively Kubachin) is a language in the Dargin dialect continuum spoken in Dagestan, Russia, by Kubachi people. [2] It is often considered a divergent dialect of Dargwa. Ethnologue lists it as a separate language. [1]

Contents

Vowels

Vowel phonemes of Kubachi
FrontBack
plainpharyngealizedplainpharyngealized
closeshort[u] уu[uˤ] уӏü
long[uː] ууuu[uːˤ] ууӏüü
near-closeshort[ɪ] иi[ɪˤ] иӏï
long[ɪː] ииii[ɪːˤ] ииӏïï
open-midshort[ɛ] еe[ɛˤ] еӏë
long[ɛː] eeee[ɛːˤ] eeӏëë
openshort[ɑ] аa[ɑˤ] аӏä
long[ɑː] aaaa[ɑːˤ] aaӏää

Consonants

The glottal stop transcribed here is named rather ambiguously a "glottalic laryngeal" by both sources.

Consonant phonemes of Kubachi
BilabialDentalAlveolarPalatalVelarUvularPharyngealGlottal
plainplainplainlabializedplainlabializedplain
Nasal[m] мm[n] нn
Plosivevoiced[b] бb[d] дd[g] гg[gʷ] гвgw[ʡ] гӏÿ[ʔ] ъy
aspirated[pʰ] пp[tʰ] тt[kʰ] кk[kʰʷ] квkw[qʰ] къq[qʰʷ] къвqw
fortis[pː] ппpp[tː] ттtt[kː] ккkk[kːʷ] кквkkw[qː] ккъqq[qːʷ] ккъвqqw
ejective[pʼ] пӏ[tʼ] тӏ[kʼ] кӏ[kʼʷ] кӏвkʼw[qʼ] кь[qʼʷ] кьвqʼw
Affricateaspirated[t͡sʰ] цc[t͡ʃʰ] чç[q͡χʰ] хъqx[q͡χʰʷ] хъвqxw
fortis[t͡sː] ццcc[t͡ʃː] ччçç
ejective[t͡sʼ] цӏ[t͡ʃʼ] чӏçʼ
Fricativevoiced[z] зz[ʒ] ж[ʁ] гъĝ[ʁʷ] гъвĝw[ħ] хӏħ[h] гьh
plain[s] сs[ʃ] шş[x] хьĵ[xʷ] хьвĵw[χ] хx[χʷ] хвxw
fortis[sː] ссss[ʃː] шшşş[xː] ххьĵĵ[xːʷ] ххьвĵĵw[χː] ххxx[χːʷ] ххвxxw
Trill[r] рr
Approximant[w] вv[l] лl[j] йj

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References

  1. 1 2 Kubachi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed Access logo transparent.svg
  2. Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 259. ISBN   978-1-136-14274-1.