The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) is a committee of banking supervisory authorities that was established by the central bank governors of the Group of Ten (G10) countries in 1974. The committee expanded its membership in 2009 and then again in 2014. As of 2019, the BCBS has 45 members from 28 jurisdictions, consisting of central banks and authorities with responsibility of banking regulation.
Yves Mersch is a Luxembourgish jurist and lawyer who served as a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank from 2012 to 2020. He previously served as first Governor of the Central Bank of Luxembourg from 1998 to 2012.
Sveriges Riksbank, or simply the Riksbank, is the central bank of Sweden. Founded in 1668, it is the world's oldest surviving central bank, and the third oldest bank in continuous operation. Prior to World War I, it was also the only state-owned central bank outside of the Russian Empire.
The Committee of European Banking Supervisors (CEBS) was an independent advisory group on banking supervision in the European Union (EU), active from its establishment in 2004 to its replacement on 1 January 2011 by the European Banking Authority (EBA) which took over all its tasks and responsibilities following Regulation (EC) No. 1093/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010.
Stefan Nils Magnus Ingves is a Finnish-born Swedish banker, economist and civil servant who served as the Governor of Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, from 2006 to 2022. He serves as the Vice-Chairman of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) since November 2021. In June 2022, Ingves announced that he will resign as Governor of Sveriges Riksbank on 31 December 2022. He was succeeded in the role by the former director of the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority, Erik Thedéen.
Lars Johan Heikensten is a former governor of Sveriges Riksbank and Doctor of Economics.
The European Banking Authority (EBA) is a regulatory agency of the European Union headquartered in La Défense, Île-de-France. Its activities include conducting stress tests on European banks to increase transparency in the European financial system and identifying weaknesses in banks' capital structures.
Andrea Enria an Italian economist who served as Chair of the ECB Supervisory Board from 2019 to 2023. He previously served as the chairperson of the European Banking Authority (EBA) between 2011 and 2019.
Klaas Henderikus Willem Knot is a Dutch economist and central banker who is the current President of the Dutch central bank De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB). In this capacity he serves as a member of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank (ECB), as well as of the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Knot also holds a position as Professor in Monetary Stability at the University of Amsterdam and honorary professor at the University of Groningen.
Claudia Maria Buch is a German economist who serves as Chair of the ECB Supervisory Board since 2024. She previously was a Vice President of the Bundesbank from 2014 to 2023.
European Banking Supervision, also known as the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), is the policy framework for the prudential supervision of banks in the euro area. It is centered on the European Central Bank (ECB), whose supervisory arm is referred to as ECB Banking Supervision. EU member states outside of the euro area can also participate on a voluntary basis, as was the case of Bulgaria as of late 2023. European Banking Supervision was established by Regulation 1024/2013 of the Council, also known as the SSM Regulation, which also created its central decision-making body, the ECB Supervisory Board.
Sabine Lautenschläger is a German jurist who served as a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank from 2014 to 2019. She previously served as vice-president of the Deutsche Bundesbank from 2011 to 2013.
Danièle Nouy is a French public servant who served as Chair of the Supervisory Board at the European Central Bank from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. She was regarded as the effective head of European Banking Supervision.
The European banking union refers to the transfer of responsibility for banking policy from the member state-level to the union-wide level in several EU member states, initiated in 2012 as a response to the 2009 Eurozone crisis. The motivation for the banking union was the fragility of numerous banks in the Eurozone, and the identification of a vicious circle between credit conditions for these banks and the sovereign credit of their respective home countries. In several countries, private debts arising from a property bubble were transferred to the respective sovereign as a result of banking system bailouts and government responses to slowing economies post-bubble. Conversely, weakness in sovereign credit resulted in deterioration of the balance sheet position of the banking sector, not least because of high domestic sovereign exposures of the banks.
Cecilia Skingsley is a Swedish banker, economist and journalist. She is the current Head of the BIS Innovation Hub, at the Bank for International Settlements. From November 2019 to August 2022 she was First Deputy Governor of the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden.
Sharon Donnery is an Irish economist and financial regulator who has served as a Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland since March 2016. She served as the Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland on an acting basis from June 2019 to August 2019, having occupied increasingly senior positions in economics, consumer protection and regulatory roles since joining the body in 1996. As of 1 July 2022 she is responsible for financial regulation in Ireland. The legislation underpinning the role of the Central Bank of Ireland sets out four statutory positions: Governor, Head of Central Banking, Head of Financial Regulation and Registrar of Credit Unions. As of July 2022, Donnery has the distinction of being the only person to have held all four positions, albeit that she occupied the Governor role on an acting basis.
Fabio Panetta is an Italian economist who has been serving as Governor of the Bank of Italy since 2023. He previously served as a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank from 2020 until 2023. Prior to his ECB appointment, Panetta served as Senior Deputy Governor of the Bank of Italy and concurrently as President of the Institute for the Supervision of Insurance from May to December 2019.
Frank Elderson is a Dutch lawyer who has been serving as a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank since 2020.
Anna Breman is a Swedish banker and economist. She is currently serving as the First Deputy Governor of the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden.
The Supervisory Board of the European Central Bank is the main operational decision-making body within the European Central Bank on bank supervision matters, within the framework of European Banking Supervision. It meets twice a month to discuss, plan and carry out the ECB's supervisory tasks. It is not, however, the ultimate decision-making body, as it only prepares draft decisions for the Governing Council under a no-objection procedure.
Sweden