Kim Sung-hoon (biologist)

Last updated
Sunghoon Kim
Born1958 (age 65–66)
South Korea
NationalitySouth Korean
Alma materPh.D. Brown University, U.S.
Known forAminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases
Awards Korea Science Award, Ministry of Science and Technology (2003)
Scientist of the Month, Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) (2003)
Top Scientist and Technologist Award of Korea, Ministry of Science and Technology (2006)
Award of Korean National Academy of Science (2012)
Scientific career
FieldsAminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, Translation, Cancer biology, Therapeutic target discovery
Institutions Seoul National University
Doctoral advisor Dr. Arthur Landy
Korean name
Hangul
김성훈
Revised Romanization Kim Seong-hun
McCune–Reischauer Kim Sŏnghun

Dr. Kim Sunghoon is a South Korean biologist.

Education

Work

Dr. Sunghoon Kim has been studying novel functions of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) and searching for their pathophysiological connections to human diseases (PNAS 105:11043, [1] 2008; Nat Rev Cancer 11:708, 2011 [2] ). He has identified potent novel tumor suppressors such as AIMP2/p38 (Nat Genet 34:330, 2003 [3] ), AIMP3/p18 (Cell, 120:209, 2005 [4] ). Besides, he has also investigated novel extracellular activities of ARSs and associated factors such as lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) (PNAS 102, 6356, 2005 [5] ), tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase(WRS)(Nat Struct Mol Biol 11:149, 2004 [6] ) and AIMP1/p43 (PNAS 103:14913, 2006 [7] ). He also discovered the oncogenic variant of AIMP2, designated AIMP2-DX2, as one of the critical factors that determines the survival of lung cancer patients (Plos Genet 7:e1001351, 2011 [8] ). More recently[ when? ], he found that leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LRS) serves as an amino acid sensor for mTOR signal pathway (Cell 149:410, 2012 [9] ).

Contents

In summary, his research is unveiling novel regulatory network mediated by human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that have been regarded as housekeeping machinery for protein synthesis. The regulatory roles and implications of these proteins in human diseases have been largely overlooked for decades. His series of the discoveries on the new function, pathology and medicine of ARSs are rapidly opening a research area that throws new insights into the central dogma of life and human diseases.

Awards

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase</span> Class of enzymes

An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, also called tRNA-ligase, is an enzyme that attaches the appropriate amino acid onto its corresponding tRNA. It does so by catalyzing the transesterification of a specific cognate amino acid or its precursor to one of all its compatible cognate tRNAs to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. In humans, the 20 different types of aa-tRNA are made by the 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, one for each amino acid of the genetic code.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Methionine—tRNA ligase</span>

In enzymology, a methionine—tRNA ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WARS (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme that attaches the amino acid tryptophan to its cognate tRNA. In humans, it is encoded by the WARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SCYE1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIMP1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KARS (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Lysyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">EPRS</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EPRS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RARS (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Arginyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DARS (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Multisynthetase complex auxiliary component p38</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AIMP2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leucyl-tRNA synthetase</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">QARS</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the QARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MARS (gene)</span>

Methionyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TARS (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Threonyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TARS gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LARS2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Probable leucyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LARS2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IARS</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IARS1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WARS2</span> Human protein and coding gene

Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the WARS2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">EEF1E1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 epsilon-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1E1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PVT1</span> Non-coding RNA in the species Homo sapiens

Pvt1 oncogene, also known as PVT1 or Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 is a long non-coding RNA gene. In mice, this gene was identified as a breakpoint site in chromosome 6;15 translocations. These translocations are associated with murine plasmacytomas. The equivalent translocation in humans is t(2;8), which is associated with a rare variant of Burkitt's lymphoma. In rats, this breakpoint was shown to be a common site of proviral integration in retrovirally induced T lymphomas. Transcription of PVT1 is regulated by Myc.

Susan A. Martinis is an American biochemist. She has co-authored over 57 publications in peer reviewed journals and scientific book chapters. Her expertise is in protein:RNA interactions and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. As of 2019, she is the Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Karin Musier-Forsyth, an American biochemist, is an Ohio Eminent Scholar on the faculty of the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry at Ohio State University. Musier-Forsyth's research involves biochemical, biophysical and cell-based approaches to understand the interactions of proteins and RNAs involved in protein synthesis and viral replication, especially in HIV.

References

  1. ↑ Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases and their connections to disease
  2. ↑ Kim, Sunghoon; You, Sungyong; Hwang, Daehee (2011). "Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and tumorigenesis: More than housekeeping". Nature Reviews Cancer. 11 (10): 708–718. doi:10.1038/nrc3124. PMID   21941282. S2CID   44712015.
  3. ↑ Kim, Min Jung; Park, Bum-Joon; Kang, Young-Sun; Kim, Hyoung June; Park, Jae-Hyun; Kang, Jung Woo; Lee, Sang Won; Han, Jung Min; Lee, Han-Woong; Kim, Sunghoon (2003). "Downregulation of FUSE-binding protein and c-myc by tRNA synthetase cofactor p38 is required for lung cell differentiation". Nature Genetics. 34 (3): 330–336. doi:10.1038/ng1182. PMID   12819782. S2CID   41006480.
  4. ↑ Cell - The Haploinsufficient Tumor Suppressor p18 Upregulates p53 via Interactions with ATM/ATR
  5. ↑ Human lysyl-tRNA synthetase is secreted to trigger proinflammatory response
  6. ↑ Kise, Yoshiaki; Lee, Sang Won; Park, Sang Gyu; Fukai, Shuya; Sengoku, Toru; Ishii, Ryohei; Yokoyama, Shigeyuki; Kim, Sunghoon; Nureki, Osamu (2004). "A short peptide insertion crucial for angiostatic activity of human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11 (2): 149–156. doi:10.1038/nsmb722. PMID   14730354. S2CID   20084521.
  7. ↑ Hormonal activity of AIMP1/p43 for glucose homeostasis
  8. ↑ PLOS Genetics: Cancer-Associated Splicing Variant of Tumor Suppressor AIMP2/p38: Pathological Implication in Tumorigenesis
  9. ↑ Cell - Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase Is an Intracellular Leucine Sensor for the mTORC1-Signaling Pathway
  10. ↑ "KOFST 한국과학기술단체총연합회". Archived from the original on 2013-06-16. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
  11. ↑ "NAS Award : Activities : The National Academy Of Sciences Republic Of Korea". Archived from the original on 2013-12-07. Retrieved 2013-06-10.
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