Klara Hallik (born 24 April 1933 in Leningrad Oblast) is an Estonian politician and political scientist. In 1992, she was Minister of National Relations (Estonian : rahvussuhete minister). [1] In 2001, she took part in the public appeal "Two Estates" by Estonian social scientists concerned about the development of Estonian society. [2]
Tarja Kaarina Halonen is a Finnish politician who served as the 11th president of Finland, and the first and to date only woman to hold the position, from 2000 to 2012. She first rose to prominence as a lawyer with the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (SAK), and as the Prime Minister's parliamentary secretary (1974–1975) and a member of the City Council of Helsinki (1977–1996). Halonen was a Social Democratic Party member of parliament from 1979 until her election to the presidency in 2000. She also served as a minister at the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health from 1987 to 1990, as Minister of Justice from 1990 to 1991, and as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1995 to 2000.
Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 97,435. It is 186 kilometres southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres northeast of Riga, Latvia. Tartu lies on the Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes in Estonia, Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus. From the 13th century until the end of the 19th century, Tartu was known in most of the world by variants of its historical name Dorpat.
The Estonian Centre Party is a populist political party in Estonia. It was founded in 1991 as a direct successor of the Popular Front of Estonia, and it is currently led by Mihhail Kõlvart.
The Pro Patria Union was a national-conservative political party in Estonia. The party was founded on 2 December 1995 from a merger of the Estonian National Independence Party and the Pro Patria National Coalition.
Mart Laar is an Estonian politician and historian. He served as the Prime Minister of Estonia from 1992 to 1994 and from 1999 to 2002. Laar is credited with having helped bring about Estonia's rapid economic development during the 1990s. He is a member of the centre-right Isamaa party.
Marko Kristal is an Estonian football manager and former player. He is the assistant manager of Nõmme Kalju.
Vilja Toomast is an Estonian politician, a former Member of the European Parliament. She previously belonged to the Estonian Centre Party which she decided to leave on 9 April 2012.
Tamsalu is a town in Tapa Parish, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia.
Estonia–India relations are the bilateral relations between Estonia and India. India first recognised Estonia on 22 September 1921 when the former had just acquired membership in the League of Nations. India re-recognised Estonia on 9 September 1991 and diplomatic relations were established on 2 December of the same year in Helsinki. Estonia is represented in India by its embassy in New Delhi. India has an embassy in Tallinn.
Jenni Elina Haukio is a Finnish poet, political scientist and the spouse of the president of Finland from 2012 to 2024. She is the second wife of the former president of Finland, Sauli Niinistö.
Riin Tamm is an Estonian geneticist and a proponent of science in popular culture. She is the head of the Department of Youth and Talent Policy within the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. She has previously served as the director of University of Tartu Youth Academy.
Kaja Kallas is an Estonian politician and diplomat. She was the first female prime minister of Estonia, a role she held from 2021 until 2024, when she resigned in advance of her appointment as High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. The leader of the Estonian Reform Party since 2018, she was a member of parliament (Riigikogu) in 2011–2014, and 2019–2021. Kallas was a member of the European Parliament in 2014–2018, representing the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe. Before her election to Riigikogu, she was a lawyer specialising in European competition law.
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia on 3 March 2019. The newly elected 101 members of the 14th Riigikogu assembled at Toompea Castle in Tallinn within ten days of the election. The Reform Party remained the largest party, gaining four seats for a total of 34 and the Conservative People's Party had the largest gain overall, increasing their seat count by 12 to a total of 19 seats.
Liia Hänni is an Estonian astrophysicist, social activist and former politician who voted for the Estonian restoration of Independence.
Aleksander Ferdinand Oinas was an Estonian politician; he was a long-serving member of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu) and served three times as a government minister. was an Estonian politician; he was a long-serving member of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu) and served three times as a government minister.
Andra Veidemann is an Estonian historian-ethnologist, editor, diplomat, and politician. She was a member of VII Riigikogu. From 1999 until 2001, she was the editor-in-chief of AS Kirjastus Ilo publishing house. From 2006 until 2008, she was the Cultural Attaché at the Embassy of the Republic of Estonia in Moscow and Russia.
Märt Kubo is an Estonian theatre pedagogue, critic and politician. In 1992, he was Minister of Culture. He was a member of VIII Riigikogu.
Aavo Mölder is an Estonian agricultural scientist and politician. He was a member of VIII Riigikogu. From 19 February 1992 to 22 November 1992, he served as the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Estonia.
Olga Lauristin was a Soviet Estonian politician.
Arvo Niitenberg is an Estonian technical scientist, politician and diplomat. From 1992 until 1995, he was Minister of Energy.