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Kannagi, sometimes spelled Kannaki, is a legendary Tamil woman who forms the central character of the Tamil epic Silapathikaram. Kannagi is described as the chaste woman who stays with her husband despite his unfaithfulness, their attempt to rebuild their marriage after her husband had lost everything but repented, how her husband is falsely framed then punished without the due checks and processes of justice. Kannagi proves and protests the injustice, then curses the king and city of Madurai leading to the death of the unjust Pandyan King of Madurai, who had wrongfully put her husband Kovalan to death. The society that had made her suffer, suffers in retribution as the city Madurai is burnt to the ground because of her curse. In the Chera (Kerala) and Tamil tradition, Kannagi has been deified as the symbol – sometimes as goddess – of chastity, with sculptures or reliefs in Hindu temples iconographically reminding the visitor of her breaking her anklet or tearing her bleeding breast and throwing it at the city.
Cilappatikāram, also referred to as Silappathikaram or Silappatikaram, is the earliest Tamil epic. It is a poem of 5,730 lines in almost entirely akaval (aciriyam) meter. The epic is a tragic love story of an ordinary couple, Kannaki and her husband Kovalan. The Silappathikaram has more ancient roots in the Tamil bardic tradition, as Kannaki and other characters of the story are mentioned or alluded to in the Sangam literature such as in the Naṟṟiṇai and later texts such as the Kovalam Katai. It is attributed to a prince-turned-monk Iḷaṅkõ Aṭikaḷ, and was probably composed in the 5th or 6th century CE.
Thulabharam is a 1968 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by A. Vincent. It is based on the Kerala People's Arts Club play of the same name, written by Thoppil Bhasi. Thoppil Bhasi also adapted the play for the screen. The film had an ensemble cast including Prem Nazir, Sharada, Madhu, Sheela, Thikkurisi Sukumaran Nair and Adoor Bhasi. The film won two National Awards. The film was a major blockbuster and following the Malayalam version, the film was made in Tamil (Thulabharam), Telugu and Hindi, with Sharada playing lead roles in all versions.
Mallanum Mathevanum is a 1976 Indian Malayalam film, directed and produced by Kunchacko. The film stars Prem Nazir, KP Ummer, Sheela, Adoor Bhasi, Jayan and Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in the lead roles. The film has musical score by K. Raghavan and Kumarakam Rajappan.
Chilamboli is a 1963 Indian Malayalam film, directed by G. K. Ramu and produced by Kalyanakrishna Iyer. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sukumari, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in the lead roles. The film had musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.
Kudumbini is a 1964 Indian Malayalam film, directed and produced by P. A. Thomas. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Kaviyoor Ponnamma and Adoor Bhasi in the lead roles. The film has musical score by L. P. R. Varma. The film received a certificate of merit at the annual National Film Awards. The movie was remade in Kannada in 1966 as Premamayi.
Kathirunna Nikah is a 1965 Indian Malayalam film, directed by M. Krishnan Nair and produced by M. Raju Mathan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in the lead roles. The film had musical score by G. Devarajan.
Bhoomiyile Malakha is a 1965 Indian Malayalam film, directed and produced by P. A. Thomas. The film stars Prem Nazir and Rajalakshmi in the lead role and Sukumari, Lakshmi, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in supporting roles. The film had musical score by Jaya Vijaya, M. A. Majeed and P. S. Divakar.
Poochakkanni, also written Poocha Kanni, is a 1966 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Puttanna Kanagal and produced by A. L. Sreenivasan and P. Arunachalam. The film stars Prem Nazir, Adoor Bhasi, Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair and Vijaya Nirmala. The film is based on the Kannada novel Bekkina Kannu by Triveni. The film's score was composed by M. S. Baburaj.
Ollathumathi is a 1967 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by K. S. Sethumadhavan, produced by M. P. Chandrasekhara Pillai, starring Prem Nazir, Sathyan, Madhu and Sheela. The film has a musical score by L. P. R. Varma.
Vivahasammanam is a 1971 Indian Malayalam film, directed by J. D. Thottan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Kaviyoor Ponnamma and Adoor Bhasi in the lead roles. The film had musical score by G. Devarajan.
Urvashi Bharathi is a 1973 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair and produced by Ramachandran. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Innocent and Adoor Bhasi in the lead roles. The film had musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy. and story A.V. Francis.
Maaya is a 1972 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Ramu Kariat for Jaya Maruthi, starring Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in the lead role. Prem Nazir and Sharada also play pivotal roles, supported by Vijayasree, Sujatha, Sankaradi and T. R. Omana playing other important roles. The film was based on an award-winning 1963 novel with the same name by popular novelist K. Surendran.
Saraswathi is a 1970 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair and produced by A. L. Sreenivasan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair, Muthukulam Raghavan Pillai and Ragini in the lead roles. The film was scored by M. S. Baburaj.
Ezhuthatha Kadha is a 1970 Indian Malayalam film, directed by A. B. Raj and produced by T. E. Vasudevan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Adoor Bhasi and Muthukulam Raghavan Pillai in the lead roles. The film had musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.
Ammayenna Sthree is a 1970 Indian Malayalam film, directed by K. S. Sethumadhavan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sathyan, K. R. Vijaya and Ragini in the lead roles. The film has musical score by A. M. Rajah.
Ammini Ammaavan is a 1976 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Hariharan and produced by George. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Bahadoor, KP Ummer, Adoor Bhasi and Sankaradi in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.
Kottaaram Vilkkaanundu is a 1975 Indian Malayalam film, directed by K. Suku and produced by Jameena. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Bahadoor, KP Ummer, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.
Kanalkattakal is a 1978 Indian Malayalam Action film, directed by A. B. Raj and produced by Thomas Abraham. The film stars Prem Nazir, Vincent, K. P. Ummer, Jayabharathi, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair in the lead roles. The film has musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.
Paththini (පත්තිනි) is a 2016 Sinhala epic, drama, mystery film written and directed by Sunil Ariyarathna and produced by Dr. Milina Sumathipala, co-produced by Jagath Sumathipala and Thilanga Sumathipala on behalf of Sumathi Films. The film features Pooja Umashankar, and Uddika Premarathna in the leading roles while Ravindra Randeniya, Lucky Dias, Veena Jayakody, and Aruni Rajapaksha in supporting roles. The film starts its premier on 5 May 2016 in EAP Circuit film halls.
References
- ↑ "Kodungallooramma". www.malayalachalachithram.com. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
- ↑ "Kodungallooramma". malayalasangeetham.info. Archived from the original on 17 March 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
- ↑ "Kodungalluramma". spicyonion.com. Retrieved 14 October 2014.