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The Republic of Ghana is named after the medieval West African Ghana Empire. The empire became known in Europe and Arabia as the Ghana Empire after the title of its Emperor,the Ghana. The Empire appears to have broken up following the 1076 conquest by the Almoravid General Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar. A reduced kingdom continued to exist after Almoravid rule end,and the kingdom was later incorporated into subsequent Sahelian empires,such as the Mali Empire several centuries later. Geographically,the ancient Ghana Empire was approximately 500 miles (800 km) north and west of the modern state of Ghana,and controlled territories in the area of the Sénégal River and east towards the Niger rivers,in modern Senegal,Mauritania and Mali.
Lieutenant General Akwasi Amankwaa Afrifa was a Ghanaian soldier,farmer,traditional ruler and politician. He was the head of state of Ghana and leader of the military government in 1969 and then chairman of the Presidential Commission between 1969 and 1970. He continued as a farmer and political activist. He was elected a member of Parliament in 1979,but he was executed before he could take his seat. He was executed together with two other former heads of state,General Kutu Acheampong and General Fred Akuffo,and five other generals,in June 1979. He was also popularly referred to by his title Okatakyie Akwasi Amankwaa Afrifa and was in addition the abakomahene of Krobo in the Asante-Mampong Traditional Area of the Ashanti Region of Ghana.
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Leaders of the established 1966 military coup,including army officers Colonel E.K. Kotoka,Major A. A. Afrifa,Lieutenant General (retired) J. A. Ankrah,and Police Inspector General J.W.K. Harlley,justified their takeover by charging that the CPP administration was abusive and corrupt. They were equally disturbed by Kwame Nkrumah's aggressive involvement in African politics and by his belief that Ghanaian troops could be sent anywhere in Africa to fight so-called liberation wars,even though they never did so. Above all,they pointed to the absence of democratic practices in the nation—a situation they claimed had affected the morale of the armed forces. According to General Kotoka,the military coup of 1966 was a nationalist one because it liberated the nation from Nkrumah's dictatorship—a declaration that was supported by Alex Quaison Sackey,Nkrumah's former minister of foreign affairs.
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Comfort Asamoah was a Ghanaian politician. She was a member of parliament representing the Ashanti Region from 1960 to 1965 and the member of parliament for Asante Mampong from 1965 to 1966.
Eric Kwame Heymann was a Ghanaian journalist and politician. He was the first Editor-in-chief of the Accra Evening News. He also served as the Chairman of the Association of Ghana Journalists and Writers. From 1965 to 1966,he was the member of parliament for the Buem constituency.
Thomas Dominic Baffoe was a Ghanaian journalist and politician. He was the Editor-in-Chief of the Ghanaian Times from 1964 to 1965. He also served as the president of the Ghana Journalists Association in 1964. From 1965 to 1966,he was the member of parliament for the Gomoa-Assin constituency.
Kobina Hagan (1923-1977) was a Ghanaian politician and teacher. He was the Principal Secretary for the Central Organisation of Sports (COS) from 1960 to 1963 and later member of parliament for the Denkyira constituency from 1965 to 1966.
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The Political history of Ghana recounts the history of varying political systems that existed in Ghana during pre-colonial times,the colonial era and after independence. Pre-colonial Ghana was made up of several states and ethnic groups whose political system was categorized by 3 main administrative models;Centralized,Non-centralized and Theocratic states. In the colonial era,the British Empire employed different forms of government among its four territorial possessions in the Gold Coast. Indirect rule was implemented in the late 19th century after its success in Northern Nigeria. From the 1940s,native Ghanaians yearned for more autonomy. This resulted in the several constitutional reforms as well as the creation of the office of the Prime Minister in 1952.
References
- ↑ "Africa, Issues 77–88". Africa. Africa Journal Limited: 63. 1978.
- ↑ Committee of Enquiry into the State Furniture and Joinery Corporation (Report). Ghana Publishing Corporation. 1968. p. 90.
- ↑ Asante, C. E. (1996). The Press in Ghana: Problems and Prospects. University Press of America. p. 6. ISBN 9780761801672.
- ↑ "Africa Diary, Volume 7". Africa Diary. Africa Publications (India): 3379. 1966.
- ↑ "Ghana Today, Volume 10". Information Section, Ghana Office. 1966: 4.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Areas Studies Division. (1962). Special warfare area handbook for Ghana. U.S. Govt. Print. Off. p. 286.
- ↑ "Parliamentary Debates; Official Report, Part 2". Parliamentary Debates. Ghana National Assembly: 444. 1965.
- ↑ "West Africa Annual, Issue 8". West Africa Annual. James Clarke: 80. 1965.
- ↑ Busia, K. A.; Akyeampong, H. K.; Ofosu-Appiah, L. H. (1969). Routledge's handbook of sports and politics. George Boakie Publishing Company. p. 76.
- ↑ "The Legon Observer, Volume 4, Issues 18–26". Legon Society on National Affairs. 1969: 9.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Danquah, Moses (1969). The Birth of the Second Republic. p. 129.
- ↑ Asante, C. E. (1996). The Press in Ghana: Problems and Prospects. University Press of America. p. 55. ISBN 9780761801672.
- ↑ "Talking Drums, Volume 2, Issues 26–47". Talking Drums Publications. 1985: 6.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Ansu-Kyeremeh, Kwasi; Karikari, Kwame (1998). Media Ghana: Ghanaian Media Overview, Practitioners and Institutions. School of Communication Studies, University of Ghana. p. 3. ISBN 9789988010546.
- ↑ Marable, Manning (1987). African and Caribbean Politics: From Kwame Nkrumah to the Grenada Revolution. Verso. p. 147. ISBN 9780860911722.
- ↑ Uwechue, Ralph (1991). "Africa Today". Africa Today. Africa Journal Limited: 980.
- ↑ "West Africa, Issues 3336–3360". West Africa. West Africa Publishing Company Limited: 2046. 1981.