This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
Major General Konstantin Kavarnaliev | |
---|---|
Native name | Константин Каварналиев |
Birth name | Konstantin Velikov Kavarnaliev |
Born | 15 February 1866 Shumen, Danube Vilayet, Ottoman Empire |
Died | 23 June 1913 (aged 47) Doiran Lake, Tsardom of Bulgaria (now Greece and Republic of North Macedonia) |
Allegiance | Principality of Bulgaria Kingdom of Bulgaria |
Branch | Bulgarian Land Forces |
Years of service | 1885 — 1913 |
Rank | Major General |
Battles/wars | Serbo-Bulgarian War |
Awards | Order of Bravery |
Alma mater | Sofia Military Academy |
Konstantin Velikov Kavarnaliev was a Bulgarian major general, who died at the Battle of Doiran during the Second Balkan War.
Konstantin Kavarnaliev was born in Shumen on 15 February 1866 to a trading family. He graduated from the Vasil Levski National Military University at 7s class.
As Junker who participated in the Serbo-Bulgarian War who commands the 3rd company of the Fifth Danube Infantry Regiment and participated in military operations in Battle of Slivnitsa, Tsaribrod (11-12 November) and Pirot (14–15 November). Manifested in battle near the village of Aldomirovtsi. For honors in the war on 3 December 1885 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and awarded the Military Order "For Courage", IV degree. [1]
Kavarnaliev graduated third in his class in 1888 and was assigned to the 4th Artillery Regiment, where he served until 1892. He graduated from the Military Academy in Belgium (1897) and then specialized in Italy. He served as Chief of Staff of the 2nd Brigade of the Sixth Bdina Infantry Division. On 15 December 1907 Kavanaliev was appointed chief of staff of the Fifth Danube Infantry Regiment. In 1900 he married Elena Popova. He was promoted to the rank of major in May 1900, and to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1904. In less than a year in 1907 he was commander of the 15th Lom Infantry Regiment in Belogradchik, and then was transferred to Ruse as Chief of Staff of the Fifth Danube Infantry Division, and a little later was promoted to the rank of colonel. During the First Balkan War from 14 December 1912 to 16 January 1913 he was commander of 5th Infantry Danube Regiment. During the Second Balkan War he was appointed commander of the 3rd Brigade of the Third Balkan Infantry Division. At that time, six divisions, personally commanded by King Konstantinos I of Greece, attacked Kukush, defended by two Bulgarian regiments. They fought for three days, giving the population the opportunity to withdraw without casualties to Old Bulgaria. Without allowing themselves to be surrounded, the Bulgarian regiments withdrew to the north. Kukush was burned to the ground and the Greek army rushed to Lake Doiran. Colonel Kavarnaliev has only two regiments which were the 32nd and 42nd, which on top of everything are incomplete and have a total of only 3,000 infantry. The Greeks attacked with 42,000 infantry, outnumbering the Bulgarians.
The battle flared up with terrible preparation on 18 June 1913, with reserves and support from the rear not arriving. On 22 June Colonel Kavarnaliev sent his adjutant, Lieutenant Durov, to the rear with the words: "Lieutenant, go on the road to Sofia and if you meet even one Bulgarian soldier, send him to me to throw him into battle!" Durov met many Bulgarian soldiers but they also fought desperately at Zletovo, Shtip, Zanoga, Kresna, Predela, Pehchevo, Berovo, Krivolak, Kalimantsi. And on 23 June Colonel Kavarnaliev threw into battle with the only reserve being his own regiment. He left the command bunker and with a rifle in his hand counterattacked with his soldiers in the front line. The opponent was repulsed, the position held. During the battle, Colonel Kavarnaliev was wounded in the leg. The wound looked light and he didn't leave the battlefield, but it turns out that the bullet pierced an important artery.
The brave general died a few hours later from blood loss on 23 June 1913. He was posthumously promoted to major general.
During the First World War in 1916, when the region was ruled by the Kingdom of Bulgaria, a seven-meter monument was erected in honor of Konstantin Kavarnaliev at the place where he was previously buried.
The monument is on a small hill, next to the road to Valandovo, 3–4 km from Doiran. In form it resembles the monuments of Vasil Levski in Sofia and of the Tsar Liberator. It bears the inscription "Colonel Kavarnaliev, who died for freedom and homeland, from the 9th Pleven Division". The monument was unveiled by Colonel Boris Drangov . The writer Anton Strashimirov also delivered a speech. A memorial service was held by the regimental priests in the presence of troops from the Ninth Pleven Infantry Division. Five soldiers who died in the fighting in 1916 are also buried on the site at that time. Thus, Bulgarian military cemeteries were formed around this monument. The monument was blown up in 1966 during an operation to destroy Bulgarian military monuments in Yugoslavia.
In 2000, the tomb was desecrated by looters. Subsequently, at the initiative of the Pliska Association, the monument was restored, but no permission was obtained from the Macedonian authorities to erect it. Therefore, the monument was installed in the hometown of the deceased in Shumen.
The monument near Doiran was restored, however, and was reopened in its original place on 1 August 2019 by the Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borissov and the Prime Minister of North Macedonia Zoran Zaev.
The Bulgarian Army Also called The Bulgarian Armed Forces is the military of Bulgaria. The commander-in-chief is the president of Bulgaria. The Ministry of Defense is responsible for political leadership, while overall military command is in the hands of the Defense Staff, headed by the Chief of the Defense. There are three main branches of the Bulgarian military, named literally the Land Forces, the Air Forces and the Naval Forces.
The Bulgarian First Army was a Bulgarian field army during the Balkan Wars, World War I and World War II.
Vladimir Minchev Vazov was a Bulgarian officer. He led the Bulgarian forces during the successful defensive operation at Dojran during the First World War.
The Bulgarian Land Forces are the ground warfare branch of the Bulgarian Armed Forces. It is administered by the Ministry of Defence, previously known as the Ministry of War during the Kingdom of Bulgaria. The Land Forces were established in 1878, when they were composed of anti-Ottoman militia (opalchentsi) and were the only branch of the Bulgarian military.
The Battle of Doiran was a 1917 battle between the United Kingdom and Bulgaria during World War I. The battle ended in decisive Bulgarian victory, leading to 16 months of silence on the front before the Third Battle of Doiran.
Panteley Kiselov was a Bulgarian soldier and general who fought in the Serbo-Bulgarian War of 1885, the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 and World War I. He is best known as commander of the 4th Preslav Infantry Division during the Romanian Campaign of 1916 and victor of the Battle of Tutrakan.
Stefan Mikhailov Nerezov was a Bulgarian General and Chief of the Bulgarian Army Staff.
The following is the Bulgarian order of battle at the beginning of the First Balkan War as of October 8, 1912. After its mobilization the field army counted for 366,209 men and represented half the field forces of the Balkan League. Its greater part was deployed in the main theater of the war in Thrace but the army also contributed to the allied war effort in Macedonia. This order of battle includes all combat units, including engineer and artillery units, but not medical, supply, signal and border guard units.
The following is the Bulgarian order of battle at the beginning of the second phase of the First Balkan War as of January 21, 1913. This order of battle includes all combat units, including engineer and artillery units, but not medical, supply, signal and border guard units.
The following is the Bulgarian order of battle at the start of the Second Balkan War as of 29 June [O.S. 16 June] 1913. This order of battle includes all combat units, including engineer and artillery units, but not medical, supply, signal, border guard and garrison units.
Nikola Dimitrov Nedeva was a Bulgarian Major general, politician and military historian. He was the Minister of Interior affairs and Public Health in the third and fourth cabinets of Georgi Kyoseivanov.
Todor Dimitrov Kantardzhiev was a Bulgarian lieutenant general and doctor.
Krystju Christ Zlatarev was a Bulgarian officer, and commanded the 11th Macedonian Infantry Division throughout World War I.
Pravoslav Krastev Tenev was a Bulgarian Infantry General and Chief of Staff of The Army.
Hristo Kostakiev Pakov was a Bulgarian major general and a commander of a division during the First World War.
Krastyu Marinov Prazov Marinov was a Bulgarian volunteer, officer, and major general.
Vasil Petrov Delov was a 20th-century Bulgarian officer and major general.
Stefan Tasev was a Bulgarian officer, major general of infantry, Head of 7th Rila Infantry Division in World War I and after the war commanded the 1st Infantry Division in Sofia.
Hristo Dimitrov Burmov was a Bulgarian Major General who was the Chief of the Defence of Bulgaria from July 17, 1918, to October 10, 1918. He also served in World War I in the Macedonian front and was one of the main Bulgarian commanders of the Vardar offensive that eventually led to the surrender of Bulgaria.
Andrei Atanasov Bucharestliev was a 19th and 20th century Bulgarian Lieutenant Colonel who was notable for his service in the Battle of Banjski Dol during the Serbo-Bulgarian War.