Kulm (ski flying venue)

Last updated

Kulm
Kulm 2023.jpg
Kulm in January 2023
Constructor(s)Ing. Hans Peyerl
Location Tauplitz
OpenedHill test:
18 February 1950
Unofficially:
8 March 1950
FIS Official opening:
27 February 1953
Renovated1953, 1975, 1986,
1996, 2015
Size
K–point 200 m
Hill size 235 m
Longest jump
(unofficial / fall)
247.5 m (812 ft)
Flag of Slovenia.svg Žiga Jelar
(27 January 2023)
Hill record 244 m (801 ft)
Flag of Slovenia.svg Peter Prevc
(16 January 2016)
Top events
Ski Flying World Championships 1975, 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016

Kulm is a ski flying hill located in Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Styria, Austria opened in 1950. [1]

Contents

In 2003, The women's world record at 200 metres was set by Daniela Iraschko-Stolz, who at the time was the only woman in history to have jumped over two hundred meters.

Furthermore, the men's world record has been set three times at Kulm (1962, 1965 and 1986).

This hill is one of only five of its type in the world, allowing for jumps of more than 240 metres. The current hill record of 244 m (801 ft) was set by Peter Prevc during the 2016 Ski Flying World Championships.

They hosted the five FIS Ski Flying World Championships here in 1975, 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2016.

In 2015, the hill was last renovated to a current K200 and HS235, with much longer jumps possible.

History

1948/49: Hill construction

Construction began in 1948 under leadership Viktor Stüger, president of Salzkammergut Ski Association, completed in 1949 as the largest natural ski jumping hill in the world, designed by Ing. Hans Peyerl. [2]

1950: First unofficial event held

On 8–12 March 1950, opening International Ski Flying Week competition was held on new built ski flying hill. Hubert Neuper Sr. was honoured to be the first to try new hill. The last two days counted for "Longest Ski Jump" competition won by Rudi Dietrich (103 metres) ahead of Hans Eder (102 m) and third placed shared by Werfener Huber and Fritz Ruepp (both 94 metres). However, International Ski Federation (FIS) did not approve the hill and not even this unofficial competition, as it turned out to be, that hill was very poorly and insufficiently built, by far from the International standards valid back then. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

1951: Second unofficial event held

On 16–18 March 1951, second International Ski Flying Week, an unofficial competition was held in front of total 15,000 people. Summary of total length of four jumps counted into final score. Already on first day, Bradl set new hill record at 115 meters. He was also the winner of the 4 jumps competition with 530 meters in total, in front of the 2nd ranked West German Sepp Hohenleitner (504 meters) and the 3rd ranked Rudi Dietrich (501 meters). Hill was rebuilt with many improvements, but to receive approval from the FIS to organize the official International Ski Flying Week, further requirements had to be met. Hill was again re-designed by Ing. Hans Peyerl in cooperation with the ski jumping FIS consultant Ing. Straumann. [9] [10] [11]

In 1952, Salzkammergut Ski Association, governed body responsible for the hill was dissolved, because Ausserland came back to Styria. In this way, it was possible to make this hill a top priority for the Styrian state government, which assigned the responsibility to the Styrian Ski Association.

1953: Hill officially opened with FIS approval

On 27 February–1 March 1953, three-day competition, 1st official "FIS International Ski Flying Week", finally recognized by FIS due to many upgrades. About 50,000 people visited the event. Josef Bradl won the competition with 449.8 points ahead of Andreas Däscher and Roy Sherwood. [12] [13]

On 10–11 March 1956, two-day competition, 2nd official "International Ski Flying Week" was held. Total four jumps counted into official result, two best jumps from each day. Peter Lesser won the event with total 428.5 points ahead of Veikko Heinonen (FIN) and Olaf B. Bjørnstad (NOR). [14] [15]

On 20–22 March 1959, three-day competition, 3rd official "International Ski Flying Week" was held, on the last day alone crowd of 30,000 people. Six jumps in total, two best from each day counted into official result. Torbjørn Yggeseth (NOR), founder of FIS World Cup won the event. [16] [17] [18]

1962: Lesser set first world record

On 1–4 March 1962, three-day competition, 4th official "International Ski Flying Week" was held. Already on the first day, at the official training, East German Peter Lesser tied the world record with Jože Šlibar (Oberstdorf 1961), first on this hill, at 141 m (463 ft). His teammate Helmut Recknagel won ahead of two West Germans Wolfgang Happle and Max Bolkart, watched by more than 40,000 people on Sunday, the last day alone. [19] [20] [21]

1965: Lesser set second world record

On 19–21 March 1965, three-day competition, "K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week" was held. First day (Friday) counted as official training, but also as a reserved date, if one of two competition days (Saturday or Sunday) was cancelled, would be calculated into official result. Already on first day, Bjørn Wirkola fell at world record distance at 144 meters (472 ft). On Saturday, Peter Lesser also fell at world record distance at 147 metres (482 ft). On Sunday, in front of 30,000 people, Peter Lesser set official world record for the second time here after three years at 145.5 metres (477 ft). [22] [23]

1971: Competition blown away

On 19–21 March 1971, three-day competition, "K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week", which would also be counting for "Europa Cup", was due to strong wind all three days, first and only time in history completely cancelled. Only four trial jumpers managed to perform the last day. Saturday and Sunday results were planned to count into official results, and if one of them was cancelled, Friday results would be counting as a reserve. [24] [25] [26]

1986: Horrible crashes and WR tied

On 8–9 March 1986, Kulm hosted "9th FIS Ski Flying World Championships" at enlarged and rebuilt with new K185 point, renovation plan inspired by Planica. More than 50,000 people in total visited in all three days. It started great already on official training (Friday), with new hill record at 188 meters (617 ft) set by Austrian Franz Neuländtner. On the last day (Sunday), Masahiro Akimoto, Ulf Findeisen, Øyvind Berg and Grega Peljhan, all four crashed very hard, from high in the air direct to the ground. Four best jumps in total (2 of 3 best jumps each day) counted into final results. For the great final Andreas Felder who became world champion, set the world record at 191 m (627 feet) and equaled it with Matti Nykänen (1985). [27] [28] [29] [30] [31]

1996: World Championships counted also for World Cup

On 10–11 February 1996, two-day competition "14th FIS Ski Flying World Championships", with each day also counting for FIS World Cup, was held. Total of 130,000 people gathered in all four days. It all started with free training on Thursday, when Jens Weißflog (201 m) became the first who managed to surpass two-hundred-meter mark on this hill and 8th jump over this barrier in history. Andreas Goldberger became world champion in front of home crowd with total four jumps, two from each day counting (183, 183, 194 and 198 m), with final score of total 738.1 points. [32] [33] [34] [35]

Events

   FIS Ski Flying World Championships (in 1996 also the World Cup event.)
DateYearHillsizeWinnerSecondThird
↓ International Ski Flying Week ↓
(FIS did not officially recognize those two competitions)
11–12 March  1950K95 Flag of Austria.svg Rudi Dietrich Flag of Austria.svg Hans Eder Flag of Austria.svg Werfener Huber
Flag of Austria.svg Fritz Ruepp
16–18 March  1951K95 Flag of Austria.svg Sepp Bradl Flag of Germany.svg Sepp Hohenleitner Flag of Austria.svg Rudi Dietrich
↓ FIS International Ski Flying Week ↓
27 February  
 
1 March  
1953K120 Flag of Austria.svg Sepp Bradl Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Andreas Däscher Flag of the United States.svg Roy Sherwood
10–11 March  1956K120 Flag of Germany.svg Werner Lesser Flag of Finland.svg Veikko Heinonen Flag of Norway.svg Olaf B. Bjørnstad
20–22 March  1959K120 Flag of Norway.svg Torbjørn Yggeseth Flag of East Germany.svg Helmut Recknagel Flag of Austria.svg Walter Habersatter
2–4 March  1962K120 Flag of East Germany.svg Helmut Recknagel Flag of Germany.svg Wolfgang Happle Flag of Germany.svg Max Bolkart
K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week ↓
19–21 March  1965K120 Flag of Germany.svg Henrik Ohlmeyer Flag of East Germany.svg Bernd Karwofsky Flag of East Germany.svg Peter Lesser
3 March  1968K120 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Zbyněk Hubač Flag of Austria.svg Reinhold Bachler Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Jiří Raška
↓ K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week = FIS Europa Cup ↓
19–21 March  1971K120strong wind all three days; only four jumps held in total
3rd FIS Ski Flying World Championships
14–16 March   1975 K165 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Karel Kodejška Flag of East Germany.svg Rainer Schmidt Flag of Austria.svg Karl Schnabl
↓ K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week ↓
3–5 March  1978K165 Flag of Germany.svg Peter Leitner Flag of East Germany.svg Falko Weißpflog Flag of Austria.svg Alois Lipburger
FIS World Cup
12 March   1982 K165 Flag of Finland.svg Matti Nykänen Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Felder
13 March   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper Flag of Finland.svg Matti Nykänen Flag of Norway.svg Ole Bremseth
14 March   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper Flag of Norway.svg Ole Bremseth Flag of Austria.svg Armin Kogler
9th FIS Ski Flying World Championships
8–9 March   1986 K185 Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Felder Flag of Austria.svg Franz Neuländtner Flag of Finland.svg Matti Nykänen
FIS World Cup
23 February   1991 K185 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Stephan Zünd Flag of Finland.svg Ari-Pekka Nikkola Flag of Sweden.svg Per-Inge Tällberg
24 February   Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Horngacher Flag of Germany.svg Ralph Gebstedt Flag of Austria.svg Heinz Kuttin
30 January   1993 K185 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Jaroslav Sakala Flag of Austria.svg Werner Haim Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger
31 January   Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Jaroslav Sakala Flag of France.svg Didier Mollard Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger
14th FIS Ski Flying World Championships = FIS World Cup
10 February   1996 K185 Flag of Finland.svg Janne Ahonen Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger Flag of Finland.svg Ari-Pekka Nikkola
11 February   Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger Flag of Germany.svg Christof Duffner Flag of Finland.svg Janne Ahonen
Championships (10–11 February) Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger Flag of Finland.svg Janne Ahonen Flag of Slovenia.svg Urban Franc
FIS World Cup
8 February   1997 K185 Flag of Japan.svg Takanobu Okabe Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger Flag of Slovenia.svg Primož Peterka
9 February   Flag of Slovenia.svg Primož Peterka Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger Flag of Japan.svg Takanobu Okabe
19 February   2000 K185 Flag of Germany.svg Sven Hannawald Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Widhölzl Flag of Norway.svg Tommy Ingebrigtsen
20 February  cancelled due to strong wind
1 February   2003 K185 Flag of Austria.svg Florian Liegl Flag of Germany.svg Sven Hannawald Flag of Poland.svg Adam Małysz
2 February   Flag of Germany.svg Sven Hannawald Flag of Austria.svg Florian Liegl Flag of Finland.svg Matti Hautamäki
15 January   2005 HS200 Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Widhölzl Flag of Norway.svg Roar Ljøkelsøy Flag of Poland.svg Adam Małysz
16 January   Flag of Poland.svg Adam Małysz Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Widhölzl Flag of Finland.svg Risto Jussilainen
19th FIS Ski Flying World Championships
13–14 January   2006 HS200 Flag of Norway.svg Roar Ljøkelsøy Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Widhölzl Flag of Austria.svg Thomas Morgenstern
15 January  Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
Bjørn Einar Romøren
Lars Bystøl
Tommy Ingebrigtsen
Roar Ljøkelsøy
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland
Janne Happonen
Tami Kiuru
Matti Hautamäki
Janne Ahonen
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany
Michael Neumayer
Georg Späth
Alexander Herr
Michael Uhrmann
FIS World Cup
10 January   2009 HS200 Flag of Austria.svg Gregor Schlierenzauer Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Simon Ammann Flag of Austria.svg Martin Koch
11 January   Flag of Austria.svg Gregor Schlierenzauer Flag of Finland.svg Harri Olli Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Simon Ammann
9 January   2010 HS200 Flag of Slovenia.svg Robert Kranjec Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Simon Ammann Flag of Austria.svg Martin Koch
10 January   Flag of Austria.svg Gregor Schlierenzauer Flag of Slovenia.svg Robert Kranjec Flag of Finland.svg Harri Olli
14 January   2012 HS200strong wind; postponed to the next day morning as event No.1
15 January   Flag of Slovenia.svg Robert Kranjec Flag of Austria.svg Thomas Morgenstern Flag of Norway.svg Anders Bardal
15 January   Flag of Norway.svg Anders Bardal Flag of Japan.svg Daiki Ito Flag of Poland.svg Kamil Stoch
11 January   2014 HS200 Flag of Japan.svg Noriaki Kasai Flag of Slovenia.svg Peter Prevc Flag of Austria.svg Gregor Schlierenzauer
12 January   Flag of Slovenia.svg Peter Prevc Flag of Austria.svg Gregor Schlierenzauer Flag of Japan.svg Noriaki Kasai
10 January   2015 HS225 Flag of Germany.svg Severin Freund Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Kraft Flag of Slovenia.svg Jurij Tepeš
11 January  cancelled due to strong wind
24th FIS Ski Flying World Championships
15–16 January   2016 HS225 Flag of Slovenia.svg Peter Prevc Flag of Norway.svg Kenneth Gangnes Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Kraft
17 January  Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
Anders Fannemel
Johann André Forfang
Daniel-André Tande
Kenneth Gangnes
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany
Andreas Wellinger
Stephan Leyhe
Richard Freitag
Severin Freund
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria
Stefan Kraft
Manuel Poppinger
Manuel Fettner
Michael Hayböck
FIS World Cup
13 January   2018 HS235 Flag of Norway.svg Andreas Stjernen Flag of Norway.svg Daniel-André Tande Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Simon Ammann
14 January  cancelled due to strong wind
15 February   2020 HS235 Flag of Poland.svg Piotr Żyła Flag of Slovenia.svg Timi Zajc Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Kraft
16 February   Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Kraft Flag of Japan.svg Ryōyū Kobayashi Flag of Slovenia.svg Timi Zajc
28 January   2023 HS235 Flag of Norway.svg Halvor Egner Granerud Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Kraft Flag of Slovenia.svg Domen Prevc
29 January   Flag of Norway.svg Halvor Egner Granerud Flag of Slovenia.svg Timi Zajc Flag of Austria.svg Stefan Kraft

Hill record

Men

Possible HRs, start order in 2R unclear (7.3.1986) – Bauer (176m), Klauser (175m), Suorsa (172m), Nykänen (170m), Findeisen (169m). [36]

DateLength
18 February 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper Sr.75.0 m (246 ft)  
18 February 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper Sr.93.0 m (305 ft)  
18 February 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper Sr.96.0 m (315 ft)  
8 March 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Alois Leodolter 100.0 m (328 ft)  
9 March 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Rudi Dietrich 101.0 m (331 ft)  
11 March 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Hans Eder 102.0 m (335 ft)  
11 March 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Hans Eder 106.5 m (349 ft)  
12 March 1950   Flag of Germany.svg Rudi Gering 104.0 m (341 ft)  
12 March 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Hans Eder 102.5 m (336 ft)  
12 March 1950   Flag of Austria.svg Rudi Dietrich 103.0 m (338 ft)  
16 March 1951   Flag of Austria.svg Sepp Bradl 115.0 m (377 ft)  
27 February 1953   Flag of Germany.svg Toni Brutscher 116.0 m (381 ft)  
27 February 1953   Flag of the United States.svg Roy Sherwood 120.0 m (394 ft)  
28 February 1953   Flag of Austria.svg Sepp Bradl 120.0 m (394 ft)  
9 March 1956   Flag of East Germany.svg Werner Lesser 125.0 m (410 ft)  
20 March 1959   Flag of Norway.svg Torbjørn Yggeseth 127.0 m (467 ft)  
1 March 1962   Flag of East Germany.svg Peter Lesser Sport records icon WR.svg 141.0 m (463 ft)  
19 March 1965   Flag of Norway.svg Bjørn Wirkola 144.0 m (472 ft)  
20 March 1965   Flag of East Germany.svg Peter Lesser 147.0 m (482 ft)  
21 March 1965   Flag of East Germany.svg Peter Lesser Sport records icon WR.svg 145.5 m (477 ft)  
15 March 1975   Flag of Austria.svg Karl Schnabl 151.0 m (495 ft)  
DateLength
2 March 1978   Flag of East Germany.svg Matthias Buse 151.0 m (495 ft)  
5 March 1978   Flag of Austria.svg Edi Federer 164.0 m (538 ft)  
12 March 1982   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper 166.0 m (545 ft)  
12 March 1982   Flag of Finland.svg Matti Nykänen 166.0 m (545 ft)  
14 March 1982   Flag of Austria.svg Hubert Neuper 167.0 m (548 ft)  
14 March 1982   Flag of Finland.svg Matti Nykänen 169.0 m (555 ft)  
7 March 1986   Flag of Austria.svg Franz Neuländtner 188.0 m (617 ft)  
9 March 1986   Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Felder Sport records icon WR.svg 191.0 m (627 ft)  
8 February 1996   Flag of Germany.svg Jens Weißflog 201.0 m (659 ft)  
8 February 1997   Flag of Japan.svg Takanobu Okabe 205.0 m (673 ft)  
20 February 2000   Flag of Austria.svg Andreas Goldberger 209.5 m (687 ft)  
31 January 2003   Flag of Austria.svg Christian Nagiller 220.0 m (722 ft)  
31 January 2003   Flag of Germany.svg Sven Hannawald 214.0 m (702 ft)  
10 January 2009   Flag of Austria.svg Gregor Schlierenzauer 215.5 m (707 ft)  
9 January 2015   Flag of Slovenia.svg Jurij Tepeš 220.0 m (722 ft)  
9 January 2015   Flag of Slovenia.svg Robert Kranjec 221.0 m (725 ft)  
9 January 2015   Flag of Germany.svg Severin Freund 237.5 m (779 ft)  
15 January 2016   Flag of Japan.svg Noriaki Kasai 240.5 m (789 ft)  
15 January 2016   Flag of Slovenia.svg Peter Prevc 243.0 m (797 ft)  
16 January 2016   Flag of Slovenia.svg Peter Prevc 244.0 m (801 ft)  
27 January 2023   Flag of Slovenia.svg Žiga Jelar 247.5 m (812 ft)  
  Fall or touch at world record distance. Invalid.
  Fall or touch at hill record distance. Invalid.

Ladies

DateLength
4 February 1997   Flag of Austria.svg Eva Ganster Sport records icon WR.svg 141.0 m (472 ft)  
5 February 1997   Flag of Austria.svg Eva Ganster Sport records icon WR.svg 161.0 m (528 ft)  
6 February 1997   Flag of Austria.svg Eva Ganster Sport records icon WR.svg 163.0 m (535 ft)  
7 February 1997   Flag of Austria.svg Eva Ganster Sport records icon WR.svg 164.5 m (540 ft)  
9 February 1997   Flag of Austria.svg Eva Ganster Sport records icon WR.svg 165.0 m (541 ft)  
9 February 1997   Flag of Austria.svg Eva Ganster Sport records icon WR.svg 167.0 m (548 ft)  
29 January 2003   Flag of Austria.svg Daniela Iraschko-Stolz Sport records icon WR.svg 188.0 m (618 ft)  
29 January 2003   Flag of Austria.svg Daniela Iraschko-Stolz Sport records icon WR.svg 200.0 m (656 ft)  

Technical data

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References

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  25. "Premočan veter (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 20 March 1971.
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  29. "Zmagoslavje Avstrijcev na 9. SP v poletih (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
  30. "Felder svetovni prvak in sorekorder (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
  31. "Rezultati s Kulma (page 11)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
  32. "Weissflog prvi čez 200 m (page 10)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 9 February 1996.
  33. "Na Kulmu prvi tekmovalni dan svetovnega prvenstva (page 13)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 February 1996.
  34. "Urban letel kot zvezdnik do neverjetne bronaste kolajne (page 13)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 12 February 1996.
  35. "Semafor rezultatov (page 15)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 12 February 1996.
  36. "Rezultati treninga: 2. serija (page 17)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 8 March 1986.

47°32′31.67″N13°59′59.51″E / 47.5421306°N 13.9998639°E / 47.5421306; 13.9998639