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 Kyrgyzstan |  Turkmenistan |
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The two central Asian countries have shared relations for centuries, having previously been part of the former Soviet Union. The relations between the two nations mainly include economic, diplomatic and cultural ties. Both Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan are Turkic nations with similar cuisines, languages and cultures.
Kyrgyzstan has an embassy in Ashgabat and Turkmenistan has an embassy in Bishkek. The presidents of the two countries regularly visit each other regarding to strengthening bilateral connections between Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan. One of those visits happened on August 23, 2018. The Kyrgyz President visited Turkmenistan in November 2014 and the Turkmen President visited Bishkek in August 2015. [1]
In 2016, the trade turnover between Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan amounted to around $5.2 million which was 23.7% more compared to the statistics of last year. In 2014, the transactions between them also increased 46.3% (0.2% of total foreign trade) and it was a significant growth in comparison of the growth rate of 2013. In recent years, relations between the two countries have become more active both at the level of governments and businesses. Kyrgyzstan imports nuts, vegetable oil, polymers, propylene, fertilizers, raw sheep skins, and vegetables from Turkmenistan. In 2016, Turkmenistan has exported textiles worth $1.4 million to Kyrgyzstan.
Kyrgyzstan's main exported products to Turkmenistan included: electrical appliances, agricultural products and plastic products.
It is estimated that two Kyrgyz-Turkmen bilateral business related activities including 21 projects worth of $30 million according to the statistics of 2016 in Turkmenistan.
In Kyrgyzstan, 30 Kyrgyz-Turkmen JSCs have been registered starting from that year 11 of the total companies began to function.
In 2016, Kyrgyzstan first time exported approximately one thousand tons of beans to Turkmenistan.
Kyrgyzstan's suggestion of opening of Ashgabat—Bishkek—Ürümqi—Guangzhou flight anticipated to increase future economic ties between two nations. [2] [3] [4]
Kyrgyzstan has an interest to join the Iran–Oman–Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan international transport corridor and may become member of free trade zone. [5]
Kyrgyzstan has close relations with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States, particularly Kazakhstan and Russia, given the historical legacy of the Soviet Union. It also has close relations with Turkey as well, given their shared heritage as Turkic languages.
Turkmenistan's declaration of "permanent neutrality" was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1995. Former President Niyazov stated that the neutrality would prevent Turkmenistan from participating in multi-national defense organizations, but allows military assistance. Its neutral foreign policy has an important place in the country's constitution. Although the Government of Turkmenistan claims to favour trade with and export to the United States, and Turkey, its single largest commercial partner is China, which buys the vast bulk of Turkmen natural gas via the Central Asia–China gas pipeline. Turkmenistan has significant commercial relationships with Russia and Iran and growing cross-border trade with Afghanistan. The Government of Turkmenistan often appears to use the conflicting interests of these regional powers as a means to extract concessions, especially on energy issues.
Kyrgyzstan – United States relations are bilateral relations between Kyrgyzstan and the United States.
Turkmenistan – United States relations are bilateral relations between Turkmenistan and the United States.
Russia–Turkmenistan relations are the bilateral relations between Russia and Turkmenistan. Russia has an embassy in Ashgabat and a consulate-general in Türkmenbaşy. Turkmenistan has an embassy in Moscow. In 1885 the modern-day Turkmenistani region became absorbed into the Russian Empire. After 1924 it became a Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union until declaring independence in 1991. The two nations have thus been mutually friendly for the past centuries.
Kyrgyzstan–Russia relations are the relations between the two countries, Kyrgyzstan and Russia. Russia has an embassy in Bishkek and a consulate in Osh, and Kyrgyzstan has an embassy in Moscow, a consulate in Ekaterinburg, and a vice-consulate in Novosibirsk.
China–Kyrgyzstan relations are the bilateral relationship between China and Kyrgyzstan.
The Republic of Uzbekistan has an embassy in Ashgabat. Turkmenistan has an embassy in Tashkent. Both countries were previously subordinated republics of the Soviet Union as Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic and Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic before its collapse in 1991.
The nations of Mexico and Turkey established diplomatic relations in 1928. Both nations are members of the G20, OECD and the United Nations.
Bilateral diplomatic relations exist between Armenia and Turkmenistan. Armenia has an embassy in Ashgabat. Turkmenistan has an embassy in Yerevan.
Greece–Kyrgyzstan relations are foreign relations between Greece and Kyrgyzstan. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992. Greece is represented in Kyrgyzstan through its embassy in Almaty (Kazakhstan). Kyrgyzstan is represented in Greece through a non resident ambassador based in Bishkek. Kyrgyz consular representation in Greece is made by the Kazakh consulate in Athens. What is now Kyrgyzstan was settled by Scythians and was conquered by Alexander the Great.
Belarus has an embassy in Ashgabat. Turkmenistan has an embassy in Minsk. Both countries are full members of the UN, and the OSCE. Belarus is a full member and Turkmenistan is associated with the CIS. Currently, the ambassador of Turkmenistan to Belarus is Murad Yazberdyev. The Belarusian Ambassador to Turkmenistan is Oleg Tabanyuhov.
India–Kyrgyzstan relations are the relations between India and Kyrgyzstan.
The United Kingdom recognised Kyrgyzstan on 20 January 1992 and diplomatic relations were established on 12 June 1992. The first Kyrgyz Ambassador to the UK arrived in September 1997. The Kyrgyz embassy is located in the Ascot House in Marylebone, London.
India–Turkmenistan relations are the bilateral relations between India and Turkmenistan. India has an embassy in Ashgabat which opened in 1994. Turkmenistan has an embassy in New Delhi.
French-Turkmen relations are the bilateral relations between France and Turkmenistan. France has an embassy in Ashgabat and Turkmenistan has an embassy in Paris. Both countries are full members of the OSCE and the United Nations.
Malaysia–Turkmenistan relations refers to foreign relations between Malaysia and Turkmenistan. Malaysia has an embassy in Ashgabat, and Turkmenistan has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
The contemporary borders of the nations of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan are the products of The Great Game in Central Asia between the British and Russian Empires. As a result, the two countries have some cultural ties, with Afghanistan having 1.2 million Turkmen, the third largest Turkmen population behind Iran and Turkmenistan.
Chingiz Azamatovich Aidarbekov is a Kyrgyz diplomat who is a former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kyrgyzstan serving in the position from October 2018 to October 2020.
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