La Unión is a town in central Peru, capital of the province Dos de Mayo in the region Huánuco. The city lies over the Vizcarra River and is divided between two of the nine districts of the province, La Unión on the right bank and Ripán on the left bank. It has a regional hospital. Close to the city, over a flat highland or meseta (12,000 feet over sea level) is the old famed Inca city called Wanuku Pampa, Wanuku Marka or Wanuku Viejo. The most important festival is by the end of July and it is called "La Fiesta del Sol". [1]
During the Inca period, the town saw the relocation of the mitmakuna, [2] later referred to as mitimaes by the Spanish, under the state’s policy of population resettlement. Named Aguamiro (Quechua for textile factory [2] ) for its association with textiles, these relocated groups became part of the resource and production network of the provincial capital of Wanuko. This focus on textiles persisted into the colonial era, when the town became a center for obrajes.
After independence, the growth and conurbation of Aguamiro with Ripán (Quechua ripa, meaning small, with the possessive/affirming suffix -n) led to the city being renamed La Unión by law on February 5, 1875, [2] symbolizing their union. However, Aguamiro and Ripán maintain administrative independence within their respective districts. Today, Aguamiro (La Unión) is the seat of government for the La Unión district, while Ripán serves as the capital of its own namesake district.
The coordinates are: 9°49′4.48″S76°48′04.73″W / 9.8179111°S 76.8013139°W .
It occupies an area of the Urqumayu valley which serves as a boundary with the Ripán District, with which it communicates by two bridges, at an altitude of 3204 m, corresponding to the region Quechua, according to Javier Pulgar Vidal in his classification of eight natural regions of Peru. The closeness of the valley gives a configuration elongated north–south, bounded on the east by the plateau of Wanuku Pampa and the hill Pallqa, on the west by the foothills of the upper valley, where villages are located Anchacgrande, Quchapampa and Liriopampa in the Ripán District. Because of the proximity to the town Rípan (just one of the only cross two bridges), often in both villages is mentioned with the name of La Unión, sometimes called La Unión – Rípan.
The two bridges that cross the river, have different characteristics:
Due to its location the city is the access point to other locations in the provinces bordering Dos de Mayo, like Llata, Chavinillo, Huánuco, Rondos, etc. as well as with the other districts of the province: Sillapata, Pachas, Yanas, Marias, etc. Including Wallanka to Huaraz or Chiquián in the region Ancash, in terms of road has the characteristic of being a central city.
The river Urqumayu crosses the city from south to north and for being a tributary of the river Marañón, the village is located in the area of Huanuco territory belonging to the catchment of the second.
Because of its altitude, the climate is temperate. In the months from November to April is the season of summer, the rainy season, and in the remaining months (May to September) the dry season (drought) or winter, which is best time to visit the village.
During the summer, torrential rains are frequent and occasionally occur hailstorm and in the months of winter insolation is strong and the high temperature range with high temperatures during the day, which descend well below the average for night, as well as between the lit and shadow areas, due to low humidity.
It has electric lighting, water and sewer service. In telecommunications and Internet service coverage through the operator Claro and Movistar recently.[ citation needed ]
It comes through the route through the Panamericana north from Lima to Paramonga, then a turn northeast to Chaskitampu, Cajacay, Qunuqucha and Wallanka, at night, the road is paved only until Wallanka, from there to La Unión the track is a path in the extension project. In this section you will find a narrow, low semitunel height Huajtahuaro called, also known as The cave cat because of a local legend, which is a challenge for drivers of buses that arrive and leave the village.
During daylight hours Qunuqucha understood from Chiquián, Aquia, and Wallanka Raqrachakra. In this turn the road from the plateau Qunuqucha Raqrachakra is going to trail (unpaved or state), the rest of the way is paved as mentioned above.
In both turns to reach Wallanka from Pachapaki, located at the foot of the Wallanka mountain range should cross the mountain range above, through the opening of Yanashallash.
The map shows the road to La Union, from the town of Paramunqa adjacent portions of the regions of Ancash, Huanuco and Lima.
For its geographical location and being the provincial capital, the main economic activity is the trade, catering to the surrounding areas of products that the province can not produce arriving from other cities from Lima and Huanuco, such as fruit, appliances, etc.. Other activities that are linked to above are the agriculture, the livestock and making clothes and costumes for everyday and holidays. And finally, to a lesser extent but are increasing the tourism.
It has a central market.
There are inns and restaurants for tourists' attention. Because of its altitude and location in the valley enjoys a temperate dry climate which makes it ideal to visit people with respiratory diseases, and the aroma of the environment to the sky, silence and stillness that still retains that makes entering visitor a state of tranquility away from the bustle and monotonous life of big cities.
Is the starting point for access to the Inca ruins of Wanuku Pampa which is accessed via a dirt road, Huanuco Pampa Union or walk up through the valley of Markaraqra, also at different locations of the provinces of Lauricocha, Ambo, Huánuco, Yarowilca and Huamalies, as mentioned above. You can also reach the thermal baths of Quñuq, located at 2 km of La Unión in the district Rípan.
From the viewpoint atop Cerro San Cristobal can panoramic views of the city from where one can get panoramic view of the town and part of the valley Vizcarra is from hill Gangash located in Wanuku Pampa near and at the top of the ravine Markaraqra and also from one edge of a ravine on the plateau that marks the edge of the canyon, near Gangash.
Ancash is a department and region in western Peru. It is bordered by the departments of La Libertad on the north, Huánuco and Pasco on the east, Lima on the south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Its capital is the city of Huaraz, and its largest city and port is Chimbote. The name of the region originates from the Quechua word anqash, from anqas ('blue') or from anka ('eagle').
The Inca road system was the most extensive and advanced transportation system in pre-Columbian South America. It was about 40,000 kilometres (25,000 mi) long. The construction of the roads required a large expenditure of time and effort.
Huánuco is a department and region in central Peru. It is bordered by the La Libertad, San Martín, Loreto and Ucayali regions in the north, the Ucayali Region in the east, the Pasco Region in the south and the Lima and Ancash regions in the west. Its capital is the city Huánuco.
Huánuco is a city in central Peru. It had a population of 196,627 as of 2017 and in 2015 it had a population of 175,068. It is the capital of the Huánuco Region and the Huánuco District. It is the seat of the diocese of Huánuco. The metropolitan city of Huanuco is 170,000 hab. It has three districts, Huanuco (head), Amarilis, and Pillco Marca. In this city, the Higueras river meets the Huallaga river, one of the largest rivers in the country.
Huaraz, formerly designated as San Sebastián de Huaraz, is a city in Peru. It is the capital of the Ancash Region and the seat of government of Huaraz Province. The urban area's population is distributed over the districts of Huaraz and Independencia. The city is located in the middle of the Callejon de Huaylas valley and on the right side of the Santa river. The city has an elevation of approximately 3050 meters above sea level. The built-up area covers 8 square kilometers and has a population of 120,000 inhabitants, making it the second largest city in the central Peruvian Andes after the city of Huancayo. It is the 22nd largest city in Peru. Huaraz is the seat of the province's Roman Catholic Bishop and the site of the cathedral.
Huancayo is the capital of the Junín Region and Huancayo Province, in the central highlands of Peru, in the Mantaro Valley and is crossed by the Shullcas, Chilca and Mantaro rivers. It was founded as a reduction by the name Santísima Trinidad de Huancayo on 1 June 1572, by Don Jerónimo de Silva, a Spanish conquistador. It is the fifth largest city in Peru, with a population of 500,000 and is among the highest cities in Peru, with an altitude of 3,256 meters above sea level. It is considered the economic and social center of central Peru
Huallanca or Wallanka may refer to the following:
The Bolognesi Province is one of 20 provinces of the Ancash Region of Peru.
San Martín de Chacas is a Peruvian town, capital of the eponymous district and the Asunción Province, located in the east-central region of Ancash. It has an urban population of 2,082 located at 3,359 meters; and a district of 5,334 people. The district, located in the sub-basin of the Marañon River, has an area of 447.69 km2, which represents 85% of the province.
The Dos de Mayo Province is one of eleven provinces of the Huánuco Region in Peru. The capital of this province is the city of La Unión.
In the Inca Empire the ushnu was an altar for cults to the deities, a throne for the Sapa Inca (emperor), an elevated place for judgment and a reviewing stand of military command. In several cases the ushnu may have been used as a solar observatory. Ushnus mark the center of plazas of the Inca administrative centers all along the highland path of the Inca road system.
A qullqa (Quechua pronunciation:[ˈqʊʎˌqa] "deposit, storehouse"; was a storage building found along roads and near the cities and political centers of the Inca Empire. These were large stone buildings with roofs thatched with "ichu" grass, or what is known as Peruvian feathergrass. To a "prodigious [extent] unprecedented in the annals of world prehistory" the Incas stored food and other commodities which could be distributed to their armies, officials, conscripted laborers, and, in times of need, to the populace. The uncertainty of agriculture at the high altitudes which comprised most of the Inca Empire was among the factors which probably stimulated the construction of large numbers of qullqas.
Pachapaqui is a village in the north of Aquia District in the Bolognesi Province of the Ancash Region, Peru. It has about a thousand inhabitants, mostly engaged in raising cattle and sheep, and small-scale agriculture.
Huánuco Pampa, Huánuco Marka or Huánuco Viejo, Wanako Pampa, Wanuku Pampa or simply Huánuco is a large archaeological site in Peru in the Huánuco Region, Dos de Mayo Province, La Unión District. The ruins of the city lie on a plateau above the Urqumayu or Vizcarra River in the central Andes. The Incas administered their large empire through a small number of administrative centers, such as Huánuco Pampa. The administrative centers were linked by the extensive Inca road system. The most important of the roads, the Qhapaq Ñan, which ran from Cusco to Quito, passed through Huánuco Pampa. The Inca authorities in Huánuco ruled at least five, and perhaps more, ethnic groups. The city is situated on an important commercial trade route and sits on top of a plateau with ravines on all sides in order to allow easy defense of the city. During the Spanish conquest of the Incas, Huánuco Pampa was briefly occupied by Gomez de Alvarado, who founded a Spanish city but it was quickly moved to Pillco because of the harsh climate of Huánuco and the raids of Illa Tupac, one of the captains of Manco Inca.
Auga Punta is an archaeological site in Peru located in the Huánuco Region, Huamalíes Province, Jircan District. It is situated at an elevation of ca. 3,700 m (12,100 ft) on a mountain named Jircán, near the village of Urpish.
Quntayqucha Punta is a mountain in the Wallanka mountain range in the Andes of Peru which reaches an altitude of approximately 4,800 m (15,700 ft). It is located in the Ancash Region, Bolognesi Province, Huasta District, southwest of Chawpi Hanka.
Yuraq Kallapu is a mountain in the Wallanka mountain range in the Andes of Peru which reaches an altitude of approximately 4,800 m (15,700 ft). It is located in the Ancash Region, Bolognesi Province, Huasta District, northwest of Chawpi Hanka.
Rumi Wayin Punta is a mountain in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,600 m (15,100 ft). It is located in the Ancash Region, Bolognesi Province, Chiquian District, southwest of Chiquian.
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Pampas Grande, founded as San Jerónimo de Pampas, It is a Peruvian town, capital of the homonymous district, located in the central part of the so-called Callejón de Huaylas in the Ancash region, about 4 hours from Huaraz and 9 from Lima. It has an approximate population of 1044 inhabitants, located at an average altitude of 3690 m a.s.l. It has a cold climate with average temperatures of 17 °C in summer and 12 °C in winter.