| Larsen Bank | |
|---|---|
| Ocean | Southern Ocean |
| Archipelago | Windmill Islands |
| Minimum depth | 16 m |
Larsen Bank is a shoal with a least depth of 16 metres (52 ft) in the northern part of Newcomb Bay, Antarctica, located 1 kilometre (0.5 nmi) north of Kilby Island in the Windmill Islands. [1]
In oceanography, geomorphology, and earth sciences, a shoal is a natural submerged ridge, bank, or bar that consists of, or is covered by, sand or other unconsolidated material, and rises from the bed of a body of water to near the surface. Often it refers to those submerged ridges, banks, or bars that rise near enough to the surface of a body of water as to constitute a danger to navigation. Shoals are also known as sandbanks, sandbars, or gravelbars. Two or more shoals that are either separated by shared troughs or interconnected by past or present sedimentary and hydrographic processes are referred to as a shoal complex.
Newcomb Bay is a sheltered bay about 1 mile (1.6 km) in extent, between Clark Peninsula and Bailey Peninsula in the Windmill Islands area.
Kilby Island is a rocky Antarctic island, 0.37 kilometres (0.2 nmi) long, lying northeast of McMullin Island in the entrance of Newcomb Bay, in the Windmill Islands. It was first mapped from air photos taken by USN Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. It was named by the US-ACAN for Arthur L. Kilby, who served as photographer with both operations.
It was discovered and charted in February 1957 by a party from the USS Glacier (AGB-4). The bank was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Ludvig Larsen, second mate on the Thala Dan , used by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in a 1962 survey of Newcomb Bay. [1]
USS Glacier (AGB-4) was a U.S. Navy, then U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker which served in the first through fifteenth Operation Deep Freeze expeditions. Glacier was first icebreaker to make her way through the frozen Bellingshausen Sea, and most of the topography in the area is named for her crewmembers. When built, Glacier had the largest capacity single armature DC motors ever installed on a ship. Glacier was capable of breaking ice up to 20 feet (6.1 m) thick, and of continuous breaking of 4-foot (1.2 m) thick ice at 3 knots.
MV Thala Dan was one of a fleet of icebreaking cargo-passenger ships operated by the Danish J. Lauritzen A/S Lines, and chartered to, inter alia, ANARE. Others in the fleet included Kista Dan and Nella Dan.
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAp) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Thurston Island is an ice-covered, glacially dissected island, 215 km (134 mi) long, 90 km (56 mi) wide and 15,700 km2 (6,062 sq mi) in area, lying a short way off the northwest end of Ellsworth Land, Antarctica. It is the third largest island of Antarctica, after Alexander Island and Berkner Island.
Coronation Island is the largest of the South Orkney Islands, 25 nautical miles (46 km) long and from 3 to 8 nautical miles wide. The island extends in a general east-west direction, is mainly ice-covered and comprises numerous bays, glaciers and peaks, the highest rising to 1,265 metres (4,150 ft).
Lützow-Holm Bay is a large bay, about 220 kilometres (120 nmi) wide, indenting the coast of Queen Maud Land in Antarctica between Riiser-Larsen Peninsula and the coastal angle immediately east of the Flatvaer Islands. It was discovered by Captain Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen in two airplane flights from his expedition vessel, the Norvegia, on February 21 and 23, 1931. The name honours Commander Finn Lützow-Holm of the Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service, a pilot for Captain Riiser-Larsen on the Aagaard in 1935.
The Windmill Islands are an Antarctic group of rocky islands and rocks about 11.1 kilometres (6 nmi) wide, paralleling the coast of Wilkes Land for 31.5 kilometres (17 nmi) immediately north of Vanderford Glacier along the east side of Vincennes Bay. Kirkby Shoal is a small shoal area with depths of less than 18 metres (59 ft) extending about 140 metres (459 ft) westwards and SSW, about 3.4 kilometres (2.1 mi) from the summit of Shirley Island, Windmill Islands, and 0.24 kilometres (0.15 mi) NW of Stonehocker Point, Clark Peninsula.
Bøving Island is a small Antarctic island in the south part of Newcomb Bay, lying 0.2 km (0.1 nmi) east of McMullin Island in the Windmill Islands. It was first mapped from air photos taken by USN Operation Highjump in 1946 and 1947. Named by ANCA for F. Bøving, third officer on MV Thala Dan in 1965, who assisted in a hydrographic survey in the vicinity.
Fitzpatrick Rock is a low ice-capped rock lying 1 kilometre northwest of Kilby Island at the mouth of Newcomb Bay, in the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first charted in February 1957 by a party from the USS Glacier. The name was suggested by Lt. Robert C. Newcomb, USN, navigator of the Glacier, for Boatswain's Mate 2nd Class John Fitzpatrick, USN, member of the survey party.
The Bay of Isles is a bay 9 miles (14 km) wide and receding 3 miles (5 km), lying between Cape Buller and Cape Wilson along the north coast of South Georgia. It was discovered in 1775 by a British expedition under James Cook and so named by him because numerous islands lie in the bay. Of South Georgia's 31 breeding bird species, 17 are found here.
Sheelagh Islands is a group of small islands lying 4.8 km (3 mi) south of Cape Kolosov, near the mouth of Amundsen Bay in Enderby Land. They were possibly the site of the landing from an aircraft by Riiser-Larsen on December 22, 1929. An ANARE party landed on them on February 14, 1958. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for the wife of R.H.J. Thompson, Administrative Officer of the Antarctic Division and second-in-command of the expedition.
Kirkby Shoal is a small shoal area with depths of less than 10 fathoms (18 m) extending about 150 yards (140 m) westwards and south-southwestwards, about 3.4 km (2.1 mi) from the summit of Shirley Island, Windmill Islands, and 0.15 mi (0.24 km) northwest of Stonehocker Point, Clark Peninsula.
Posadowsky Glacier is a glacier about 9 nautical miles long, flowing north to Posadowsky Bay immediately east of Gaussberg. Posadowsky Bay is an open embayment, located just east of the West Ice Shelf and fronting on the Davis Sea in Kaiser Wilhelm II Land. Kaiser Wilhelm II Land is the part of East Antarctica lying between Cape Penck, at 87°43'E, and Cape Filchner, at 91°54'E, and is claimed by Australia as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory. Other notable geographic features in this area include Drygalski Island, located 45 mi NNE of Cape Filchner in the Davis Sea, and Mirny Station, a Russian scientific research station.
Orton Reef is a reef with a least depth of 2 ft in the north part of Newcomb Bay, located 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) north of Molholm Island in the Windmill Islands. Discovered and charted in February 1957 by a party from the USS Wilkes Station, who assisted in an ANARE survey of Newcomb Bay in the 1961-62 season.
Nicholson Island is the westernmost of the Bailey Rocks, lying 0.1 nautical miles (0.2 km) northeast of Budnick Hill in Newcomb Bay, Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for R.T. Nicholson, senior carpenter, who took a leading part in the construction of nearby Casey Station in 1966.
Jason Island is an island 1 nautical mile (2 km) north of Larsen Point at the west side of the entrance to Cumberland Bay, off the north coast of South Georgia. It was named after the Jason, the vessel used by Captain C.A. Larsen in 1893–94 in exploring Cumberland Bay.
Molholm Island is an island at the entrance to McGrady Cove in the eastern part of Newcomb Bay, in the Windmill Islands of Antarctica. The island was mapped from air photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in 1946–47, and was named by Carl R. Eklund for John Molholm, a glaciologist at Wilkes Station in 1957.
McMullin Island is a rocky island, 0.6 kilometres (0.3 nmi) long, lying between Shirley Island and Kilby Island in the south part of the entrance to Newcomb Bay, in the Windmill Islands, Antarctica.
Hawker Island is an irregularly shaped island about 2 km (1.2 mi) long, lying some 7 km south-west of Davis Station between Mule Island and Mule Peninsula, Vestfold Hills, in the eastern part of Prydz Bay, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. It was remapped by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (1957–58) and named after Alan Charles Hawker, a radio supervisor at Davis Station in 1957.
Lee Island is an island just west of Teyssier Island, Verner Island, and Petersen Island, just east of Kista Strait, Stinear Island, and Béchervaise Island, and just south of Moller Bank and Carstens Shoal, in Holme Bay, Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for R.T. Lee, a diesel mechanic at nearby Mawson Station in 1957.
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