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Guatemala is mountainous, except for the south coastal area and the vast northern lowlands of Petén department. The country is located in Central America and bounded to the north and west by Mexico, to the east by Belize and by the Gulf of Honduras, to the east by Honduras, to the southeast by El Salvador, and to the south by the Pacific Ocean. Two mountain chains enter Guatemala from west to east, dividing the country into three major regions: the highlands, where the mountains are located; the Pacific coast, south of the mountains; and the limestone plateau of the Petén region, north of the mountains. These areas vary in climate, elevation, and landscape, providing dramatic contrasts between hot and humid tropical lowlands and highland peaks and valleys.
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Guatemala faces substantial resource and institutional challenges in successfully managing its national water resources. Deforestation is increasing as the global demand for timber exerts pressure on the forests of Guatemala. Soil erosion, runoff, and sedimentation of surface water is a result of deforestation from development of urban centers, agriculture needs, and conflicting land and water use planning. Sectors within industry are also growing and the prevalence of untreated effluents entering waterways and aquifers has grown alongside.
The network of highways in Honduras is managed by the Secretariat of public works, transport and housing (SOPTRAVI), through the General Directorate of Roads, which is responsible for planning construction and maintenance work on the country's roads. Honduras has more than 15,400 kilometres (9,600 mi) of roads. Up to 1999, only 3,126 kilometres (1,942 mi) had been paved.
References
- ↑ UNFCCC - CDM Executive Board (February 2005). "Guatemala: Las Vacas Hydroelectric Project" (pdf). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change . Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ↑ "Water Resources Assessment of Guatemala" (PDF). US Army Corps of Engineers. June 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-01-09. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ↑ Thattai, Deeptha; Björn Kjerfve; W. D. Heyman (December 2003). "Hydrometeorology and Variability of Water Discharge and Sediment Load in the Inner Gulf of Honduras, Western Caribbean". Journal of Hydrometeorology. 4 (6): 985–995. Bibcode:2003JHyMe...4..985T. doi: 10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<0985:HAVOWD>2.0.CO;2 .