Cohabitation is a system of divided government that occurs in semi-presidential systems,such as France,whenever the president is from a different political party than the majority of the members of parliament. It occurs because such a system forces the president to name a premier who will be acceptable to the majority party within parliament. Thus,cohabitation occurs because of the duality of the executive:an independently elected president and a prime minister who must be acceptable both to the president and to the legislature.
Pierre Moscovici is a French politician who served as the European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs,Taxation and Customs from 2014 to 2019. He previously served as Minister of Finance from 2012 to 2014 and as Minister for European Affairs between 1997 and 2002.
Jean-Louis Bourlanges is a French politician who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly since the 2017 elections. He is a graduate of the Paris Institute of Political Studies,where he is currently associate professor.
Nathalie Geneviève Marie Kosciusko-Morizet,often referred to by her initials NKM,is an engineer,public figure and advocate,having previously had a political career.
Catherine Vautrin is a French politician of the Republicans (LR) who served as a member of the National Assembly of France,representing the Marne department.
George Pau-Langevin is a French lawyer and politician. A member of the Socialist Party (PS). Close to Bertrand Delanoë,she was deputy for the 21st constituency of Paris from 2007 to 2012,then re-elected in the 15th constituency,which took over roughly the same territory in Paris,in 2012. She was the Minister Delegate for Educational Success in the governments of Jean-Marc Ayrault from 2012 to 2014,then was appointed Minister of Overseas Territories in 2014 in the governments of Manuel Valls. Resigning in 2016,she regained her seat as a deputy and was re-elected the following year. She left the National Assembly in November 2020,following her appointment as Deputy Defender of Rights.
Guillaume Garot is a French politician of the Socialist Party (PS) who has served as a member of the National Assembly from 2007 until 2012 and since 2014,representing the Mayenne department. From 2012 until 2014,he was Junior Minister for the Food Industry under minister Stéphane Le Foll in the government of Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault.
Jean-Christophe Lagarde is a French politician serving as president of the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) since 2014. He succeeded Jean-Louis Borloo after a short interim by Yves Jégo. Lagarde has been the member of the National Assembly for the fifth constituency of Seine-Saint-Denis since 2002.
Jean-Michel Clément is a French politician who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly of France since the 2007 elections,representing the 3rd constituency of the Vienne department. He is a former member of La République En Marche! (LREM) and of the Socialist Party.
Régis Juanico is a French politician of Génération.s who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly of France since 2007,representing Loire's 1st constituency. He is a former member of the Socialist Party.
Sylvia Pinel is a French politician who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly of France since 2016 to 2022,where she represented the 2nd constituency in the Tarn-et-Garonne department. Since 3 September 2016,she has been the leader of the moderate and social-liberal centre-left Radical Party of the Left.
Sylvie Guillaume is a French politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from France. She is a member of the Socialist Party,part of the Party of European Socialists.
Iliana Malinova Iotova is a Bulgarian politician who has been serving as Vice President of Bulgaria since 2017. She was the running mate of Rumen Radev,who defeated GERB nominee Tsetska Tsacheva in the second round of the 2016 presidential election. She was a Member of the European Parliament from 2007 until her resignation on 16 January 2017. She speaks Bulgarian,French and English.
Anne-Laurence Petel is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly since the 2017 elections,representing the 14th district of Bouches-du-Rhône,which includes Aix-en-Provence.
Laurence Maillart-Méhaignerie is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly since 2017,representing Ille-et-Vilaine's 2nd constituency.
Annie Genevard is a French politician serving as the member of the National Assembly for the fifth constituency of Doubs since 2012. A teacher by occupation,she was Mayor of Morteau from 2002 until 2017. Genevard also served as Secretary-General of The Republicans from 2017 to 2019 under the leadership of Laurent Wauquiez and Jean Leonetti.
Sophie Errante is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who has been serving as a member of the French National Assembly since the 2012 elections,representing the department of Loire-Atlantique,first as a socialist,and then from the 2017 elections,as an LREM member.
Isabelle Rauch is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who has been serving as a member of the French National Assembly since the 2017 elections,representing the ninth constituency of the department of Moselle.
Geoffroy Didier is a French lawyer and politician of the Republicans who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament since 2017.
Pierre-Henri Dumont is a French politician for the Republicans party,who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly since June 2017,representing the Pas-de-Calais's 7th constituency. His constituency contains the port city of Calais.
