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Tungsten is a chemical element; it has symbol W and atomic number 74. It is a rare metal found naturally on Earth almost exclusively as compounds with other elements. It was identified as a new element in 1781 and first isolated as a metal in 1783. Its important ores include scheelite and wolframite, the latter lending the element its alternative name.
Group 6, numbered by IUPAC style, is a group of elements in the periodic table. Its members are chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), and seaborgium (Sg). These are all transition metals and chromium, molybdenum and tungsten are refractory metals.
Wolframite is an iron, manganese, and tungstate mineral with a chemical formula of (Fe,Mn)WO4 that is the intermediate mineral between ferberite (Fe2+ rich) and hübnerite (Mn2+ rich). Along with scheelite, the wolframite series are the most important tungsten ore minerals. Wolframite is found in quartz veins and pegmatites associated with granitic intrusives. Associated minerals include cassiterite, scheelite, bismuth, quartz, pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite.
Cantung Mine is a tungsten producer in the Nahanni area of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located northeast of Watson Lake in the Flat River Valley of the Selwyn Range close to the Yukon border. Tungsten was originally discovered in the area in 1954 by prospectors. Cantung Mine operated from 1962 to 1986, again from 2002 to 2003, and from 2005. Production was suspended from October 2009 to October 2010. The mine owner, North American Tungsten Corporation, went bankrupt in 2015 and the mine closed in October of that year. The federal government of Canada now owns the mine and has to clean up the site. As of December, 2017, the mine remained closed, with the possibility of being opened to process a nearby lithium deposit. As of February 2019, the mine is still closed; the federal and NWT governments are trying to sell it.
The Economy of the Empire of Japan refers to the period in Japanese economic history in Imperial Japan that began with the Meiji Restoration in 1868 and ended with the Surrender of Japan in 1945 at the end of World War II. It was characterized by a period of rapid industrialization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the dominance of a wartime economy from 1938 to 1945.
The Mackenzie Mountains are a Canadian mountain range forming part of the Yukon–Northwest Territories boundary between the Liard and Peel rivers. The range is named in honour of Canada's second prime minister, Alexander Mackenzie. Nahanni National Park Reserve and Nááts'ihch'oh National Park Reserve are in the Mackenzie Mountains.
Mining in the United Kingdom produces a wide variety of fossil fuels, metals, and industrial minerals due to its complex geology. In 2013, there were over 2,000 active mines, quarries, and offshore drilling sites on the continental land mass of the United Kingdom producing £34bn of minerals and employing 36,000 people.
The Myszków mine is a large mine in the centre of Poland in Myszków, Myszków County, 258 km south-west of the capital, Warsaw. Myszków represents one of the largest copper and silver reserve in Poland having estimated reserves of 1,334 million tonnes of ore grading 0.15% copper and 2.37 g/tonnes silver. The 1.334 billion tonnes of ore contains 2 million tonnes of copper metal and around 3,200 tonnes of silver but the deposit also grades 0.07% molybdenum that contains 934,000 tonnes of molybdenum metal and 0.05% tungsten that contains 667,000 tonnes of tungsten metal.
The Målviken mine is a large open pit mine located near Mosjøen in the northern part of Norway in Nordland. Målviken represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Norway having estimated reserves of 2.51 million tonnes of ore grading 0.9% tungsten.
The Currais Novos mine is a large open pit mine located in Rio Grande do Norte state of Brazil. Its purpose is the recovery of tungsten from two tailings piles, from the Barra Verde and Boca de Laje mines. Currais Novos represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Brazil having estimated reserves of 4.31 million tonnes of ore grading 0.1% tungsten.
The Nui Phao mine is a large open pit mine located in the northern part of Vietnam in Thái Nguyên Province. Nui Phao represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Vietnam having estimated reserves of 55.4 million tonnes of ore grading 0.21% tungsten.
The Dolphin mine is a large open pit and underground mine located in the Bass Strait on King Island, Tasmania, Australia. Dolphin represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Australia having estimated reserves of 2.7 million tonnes of ore grading 1.04% tungsten.
The Watershed mine is a large open pit mine located about 160 km northwest of Cairns on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia. Watershed represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Australia having estimated reserves of 15.1 million tonnes of ore grading 0.46% tungsten.
The Mount Lindsay Mine is a former tin mine located in the northwest of Tasmania, Australia. Mt Lindsay represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Australia, having estimated reserves of 43 million tonnes of ore grading 0.1% tungsten. 40 million tonnes would support a 10-year mining operation. The mine is owned by Venture Minerals.
The Karakul deposit is one of the largest cobalt deposits in Russia. The deposit is located in Altai Republic. The deposit has reserves amounting to 180 million tonnes of ore grading 0.33% cobalt, 1.5% copper, 0.11% nickel and bismuth, 0.4% tungsten, 4.6 million oz of gold and 57.6 million oz of silver.
The Urzarsaiskoye mine is a large open pit mine located in the eastern part of Russia in Siberia. Urzarsaiskoye represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Russia having estimated reserves of 90.9 million tonnes of ore grading 0.11% tungsten.
The Nyamuliro mine is a large open pit mine located in the south western part of Uganda in Western Region. Nyamuliro represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Uganda having estimated reserves of 10 million tonnes of ore grading 0.5% tungsten.
The Ruhijha mine is a large open pit mine located in the northeastern part of Uganda in Eastern Region. Ruhijha represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Uganda having estimated reserves of 30 million tonnes of ore grading 0.5% tungsten.
Zakamensk is a city of a regional significance in Russia, administration center of Zakamensky District of the Republic of Buryatia. Since 2015 the city has an honorary international title "The city of Labor Valor and Glory"
Almonty Industries is a global mining company focused on tungsten mining and exploration. Its primary operations are in Spain, Portugal, and South Korea. The company is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.
References
- ↑ "Mineral deposits of Northern Asia". docstoc.com. 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-09-23. Retrieved 2013-07-10.
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