Leez Priory | |
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General information | |
Location | Leez Ln, Hartford End |
Town or city | Chelmsford |
Country | England |
Coordinates | 51°50′22″N0°28′02″E / 51.839473°N 0.467235°E |
Client | Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich |
Leez Priory is a 16th-century mansion in Little Leighs, a small parish in the district of Chelmsford in the county of Essex, England. The civil parish boundary between Felsted and Great and Little Leighs crosses the priory, so that it partially lies in Felsted and partially in Great and Little Leighs. The priory was designated a Grade I listed building in 1952.
In 1220, Sir Ralph Gernon decided that the hamlet of Leez, in a dip by the banks of the River Ter, would provide the perfect location on which to found a house of Augustinian canons. The priory of St. Mary and St. John the Evangelist thrived for over 300 years. King Henry VIII sent Sir Richard Rich to dismiss the monastery, during the Dissolution of the Monasteries (1536-1541). When Sir Richard Rich, 3rd Baron Rich became the Earl of Warwick, he built his own great house on the site that is now known as Leez Priory. The remains of the Augustinian Priory are very much in evidence within the grounds to the south of the existing buildings, including extensive underground drainage conduits. Known as "Delicious Leez", both the site and the rose-brick buildings are breathtaking, with old garden walls and fish ponds indicative of life and times past.
In the years that followed, the mansion has been home to the Earls of Warwick and has been visited by Queen Elizabeth I, Princess Mary and many other nobles from the past.
In his 2007 book on the origins of the English Civil War, John Adamson emphasised the magnificence and political radicalism of Leez Priory in the 17th century. He concludes that in 1640 Leez and its owner, Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick, were probably the “topographical and moral centre” of opposition to the King. [1]
Leez decended with the Earldom of Warwick to Charles Rich (1623-1673) 4th Earl of Warwick on the death of his brother Robert (1611-1659), who passed it to his nephew Robert Montague 1634-1682 son of the 2nd Earl of Manchester and Anne Rich. Leez remained in the Montague estates until sold shortly after the death of the 4th Earl and 1st Duke of Manchester in 1722 to Edmund Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham.
Leez was subsequently sold to Guy's Hospital.
Much of it was demolished in 1753. At this time the property was purchased by Guy's Hospital, London. Guy's Hospital were still the owners in 1910, and for some time the property had been rented out as a private residence.
The priory was designated a Grade I listed building in 1952.
In 1995, Leez Priory was the first country house in the UK to be licensed to hold civil ceremonies. [2]
Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester, KG, KB, FRS was an important commander of Parliamentary forces in the First English Civil War, and for a time Oliver Cromwell's superior.
Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick KB, PC was an English naval officer, politician and peer who commanded the Parliamentarian navy during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Puritan, he was also lord of the Manor of Hunningham.
Earl of Warwick is one of the most prestigious titles in the peerages of the United Kingdom. The title has been created four times in English history, and the name refers to Warwick Castle and the town of Warwick.
Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich, was Lord Chancellor during King Edward VI of England's reign, from 1547 until January 1552. He was the founder of Felsted School with its associated almshouses in Essex in 1564. He was a beneficiary of the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and persecuted perceived opponents of the king and their policies. He played a role in the trials of Catholic martyrs Thomas More and John Fisher as well as that of Protestant martyr Anne Askew.
The title Marquess of Halifax was created in the Peerage of England in 1682 for the George Savile, 1st Earl of Halifax.
Felsted School is a co-educational independent boarding and day school, situated in Felsted in Essex, England. It is in the British public school tradition, and was founded in 1564 by Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich. Felsted is one of the 12 founder members of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference, and a full member of the Round Square Conference of world schools. Felsted School is featured in the Good Schools Guide and is regularly featured in Tatler's Schools Guide. Felsted School was shortlisted for 'Boarding School of the Year' 2020 by the Times Education Supplement (TES).
Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester JP was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1671 when he inherited the peerage as Earl of Manchester.
Robert Rich, 3rd Earl of Warwick, supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
Clare Priory is a religious house in England, originally established in 1248 as the first house of the Augustinian Friars in England. It is situated on the banks of the River Stour, a short distance away from the medieval village of Clare, Suffolk. The friary was suppressed in 1538 and the property passed through many hands until it was again purchased by the Augustinian friars in 1953. Today the Priory offers modern retreat facilities for guests.
Little Dunmow is a village situated in the Uttlesford district, in rural Essex, England, in the vale of the River Chelmer about 3 miles (4.8 km) east-southeast of the town of Great Dunmow. It can be reached from the Dunmow South exit of the A120 by following the road towards Braintree (B1256) for 3.2 km before turning right for the village. The centre of the old village, which has just 99 dwellings, is a further 0.6 km along the road. The Flitch Way, a linear country park along the route of the old Braintree to Bishop's Stortford railway, links Little Dunmow and the new settlement of Flitch Green. The new village, built on the site of a former sugar beet factory, is a self-contained community of 850 dwellings and is another kilometre along the road towards Felsted.
Baron Rich was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1547 and was absorbed into the Earldom of Warwick in 1618. It became extinct in 1759.
Sir Nathaniel Rich was an English merchant adventurer and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1629.
Llanthony Secunda Priory was a house of Augustinian canons in the parish of Hempsted, Gloucestershire, England, situated about 1/2 a mile south-west of Gloucester Castle in the City of Gloucester. It was founded in 1136 by Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford, a great magnate based in the west of England and the Welsh Marches, hereditary Constable of England and Sheriff of Gloucestershire, as a secondary house and refuge for the canons of Llanthony Priory in the Vale of Ewyas, within his Lordship of Brecknock in what is now Monmouthshire, Wales. The surviving remains of the Priory were designated as Grade I listed in 1952 and the wider site is a scheduled ancient monument. In 2013 the Llanthony Secunda Priory Trust received funds for restoration work which was completed in August 2018 when it re-opened to the public.
Sir Charles Barrington, 5th Baronet was an English Tory politician.
Colonel Nathaniel Rich was a member of the landed gentry from Essex, who sided with Parliament during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. He has been described as "an example of those pious Puritan gentlemen who were inspired by the ideals of the English Revolution".
Sir Thomas Cheek, Cheeke or Cheke was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in every parliament between 1614 and 1653.
The House of Montagu, also known throughout history as Montagud, Montaigu, Montague, Montacute, is an English noble family founded in Somerset after the Norman Conquest of 1066 by the Norman warrior Drogo de Montagud. They rose to their highest power and prominence in the 14th and 15th centuries as Earls of Salisbury, the last in the male line being Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury (1388–1428), the maternal grandfather of "Warwick the Kingmaker", 16th Earl of Warwick and 6th Earl of Salisbury.
Essex Finch, Countess of Nottingham, formerly Lady Essex Rich, was the first wife of Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham.
Robert II de Vaux of Pentney also known as Robert de Vallibus, Lord of Pentney, was a prominent 12th-century noble. He succeeded to the lands in Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex in England, held by his father Robert which had been received from Roger Bigod after the Norman conquest of England. Robert was the founder of the Augustinian Pentney Priory, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, St Mary and St Magdalene, which he established c.1130, for the souls of Agnes his wife and their children. He was succeeded by his eldest son William.