Leopold and Astrid Coast

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The Leopold and Astrid Coast ( 67°20′S84°30′E / 67.333°S 84.500°E / -67.333; 84.500 Coordinates: 67°20′S84°30′E / 67.333°S 84.500°E / -67.333; 84.500 ) is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between the western extremity of the West Ice Shelf, at 81°24′E, and Cape Penck, at 87°43′E. It is located in the eastern half of Princess Elizabeth Land. It was discovered and explored in an airplane flight from the Norwegian ship Thorshavn on January 17, 1934, by Lieutenant Alf Gunnestad and Captain Nils Larsen. The coast was named by Lars Christensen, Norwegian whaling magnate and leader of the expedition, for King Leopold and Queen Astrid of Belgium. [1]

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

Antarctica Polar continent in the Earths southern hemisphere

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent. It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,200,000 square kilometres, it is the fifth-largest continent. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The West Ice Shelf is a prominent ice shelf extending about 288 km (179 mi) in an east-west direction along the Leopold and Astrid Coast in East Antarctica between Barrier Bay and Posadowsky Bay. It was discovered and named by the First German Antarctica Expedition, 1901–1903, under Dr. Erich von Drygalski. The toponym describes the direction in which the German expedition first viewed the ice shelf. Their limited westward view became a prolonged one; on February 21, 1902, the ship became stuck in the ice. It remained there imprisoned by the pack ice until February 8, 1903.

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Queen Elizabeth Range (Antarctica) mountain range in Antarctica

The Queen Elizabeth Range is a rugged mountain range of the Transantarctic Mountains System, located in the Ross Dependency region of Antarctica.

Keltie Glacier is a large Antarctic glacier, 30 nautical miles (56 km) long, draining from Pain Névé southwest around the southern extremity of the Commonwealth Range, and then northwest to enter Beardmore Glacier at Ranfurly Point. It was discovered by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1907–09, under Ernest Shackleton, who named it for Sir John Scott Keltie, Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, 1892–1915.

Cape Penck is an ice-covered point fronting on the West Ice Shelf about 35 miles west-northwest of Gaussberg, separating the Leopold and Astrid Coast from the Wilhelm II Coast. It was roughly charted by the Western Base Party of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–14, under Mawson, and named for Albrecht Penck, an internationally known German geographer.

Scott Glacier (East Antarctica) glacier in Antarctica

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Princess Astrid Coast is that portion of the coast of Queen Maud Land lying between 5° and 20° E. The entire coast is bordered by ice shelves. Discovered by Capt. H. Halvorsen of the Sevilla (ship) in March 1931 and in 1932 named for Princess Astrid of Norway.

Fallières Coast

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Utstikkar Glacier glacier in Antarctica

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The Adams Mountains are a small but well defined group of mountains in Queen Alexandra Range, bounded by the Beardmore, Berwick, Moody and Bingley Glaciers. Discovered by British Antarctic Expedition (1907–09) and named Adams Mountains for Lieutenant Jameson B. Adams, second in command of the expedition. The British Antarctic Expedition (1910–13) restricted the name to Mount Adams for a high peak in the group, but the original name and application are considered more apt and have been approved.

Prospect Glacier is a glacier between Kinnear Mountains and Mayer Hills, flowing north into Forster Ice Piedmont on the west coast of Antarctic Peninsula. It was first roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. In 1954 the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) gave the name Prospect Pass to a col between Eureka Glacier and the glacier here described. During resurvey of the area by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1958, the col was found to be an indeterminate feature, while this glacier is well marked and requires a name.

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Foyn Coast

The Foyn Coast is that portion of the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula between Cape Alexander and Cape Northrop. It was discovered in 1893 by a Norwegian expedition under Captain Carl Anton Larsen, who named it for Svend Foyn, a Norwegian whaler of Tønsberg whose invention of the grenade harpoon greatly facilitated modern whaling.

Bowin Glacier is a tributary glacier, 5 nautical miles (9 km) long, flowing northeast between Sullivan Ridge and Fulgham Ridge to enter Ramsey Glacier. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Commissaryman C.F. Bowin, U.S. Navy, Operation Deepfreeze, 1965 and 1966.

DeVries Glacier is a steep tributary glacier just east of Peckham Glacier, flowing from the south slopes of the Britannia Range into Byrd Glacier. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Arthur L. DeVries, a United States Antarctic Research Program biologist at McMurdo Station in the 1961–62 and 1963–64 summer seasons.

Discovery Glacier is a broad glacier, 9 nautical miles (17 km) long, between Hurricane Ridge and Mount Discovery on the Scott Coast, Victoria Land. The glacier flows north to coalesce with the eastern margin of lower Koettlitz Glacier. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (1999) in association with Mount Discovery, which Captain Robert Falcon Scott had named after the expedition ship of the British National Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04.

Transverse Island is an island between Fold Island and Keel Island on the east side of Stefansson Bay, off the coast of Enderby Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named Tverrholmen. Seen by an ANARE party in 1956. The translated form of the name recommended by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) has been approved.

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Flint Glacier is a glacier which flows south into Whirlwind Inlet between Demorest Glacier and Cape Northrop, on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by Sir Hubert Wilkins on his flight of December 20, 1928, and photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service in 1940. It was charted in 1947 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, who named it for glaciologist Richard F. Flint, professor of geology at Yale University.

Matthes Glacier is a glacier 9 nautical miles (17 km) long, flowing east into Whirlwind Inlet between Demorest Glacier and Chamberlin Glacier, on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by Sir Hubert Wilkins on a flight of December 20, 1928, and photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service in 1940. It was charted by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1947 and named for François E. Matthes, then chief geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey.

MacNamara Glacier glacier in Antarctica

MacNamara Glacier is a glacier in the Patuxent Range of the Pensacola Mountains in Antarctica, draining northeastward between the Thomas Hills and Anderson Hills to Foundation Ice Stream. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Edlen E. MacNamara, a United States Antarctic Research Program exchange scientist at Molodezhnaya Station, winter 1967.

The Lachal Bluffs are a group of rocky headlands located just south of Ufs Island and east of Howard Bay, and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Allison Bay, on the Mawson Coast of Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. They were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for R. Lachal, an assistant cook at Mawson Station, who acted as a geological field assistant, 1965.

References

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates  public domain material from the United States Geological Survey document "Leopold and Astrid Coast" (content from the Geographic Names Information System ).

United States Geological Survey Scientific agency of the United States government

The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility.

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The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its territories. It is a type of gazetteer. GNIS was developed by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) to promote the standardization of feature names.