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Fisher v. University of Texas, 570 U.S. 297 (2013), also known as Fisher I, is a United States Supreme Court case concerning the affirmative action admissions policy of the University of Texas at Austin. The Supreme Court voided the lower appellate court's ruling in favor of the university and remanded the case, holding that the lower court had not applied the standard of strict scrutiny, articulated in Grutter v. Bollinger (2003) and Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), to its admissions program. The Court's ruling in Fisher took Grutter and Bakke as given and did not directly revisit the constitutionality of using race as a factor in college admissions.
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Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, 600 U.S. 181 (2023), is a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in which the court held that race-based affirmative action programs in college admissions processes violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. With its companion case, Students for Fair Admissions v. University of North Carolina, the Supreme Court effectively overruled Grutter v. Bollinger (2003) and Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), which validated some affirmative action in college admissions provided that race had a limited role in decisions.
Anita Nancy Bernstein is an American tort law scholar, with expertise in feminist jurisprudence and legal ethics. She is the Anita and Stuart Subotnick Professor of Law at Brooklyn Law School.
Proposition 16 is a California ballot proposition that appeared on the November 3, 2020, general election ballot, asking California voters to amend the Constitution of California to repeal Proposition 209 (1996). Proposition 209 amended the state constitution to prohibit government institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education. Therefore, Proposition 209 banned the use of race- and gender-based affirmative action in California's public sector.
References
- ↑ "Full-time Faculty - Garfield, Leslie Yalof". Pace Law School. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
- ↑ "Leslie Yalof Garfield". Pace Law. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ↑ "Leslie Yalof Garfield". Pace Law. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ↑ "Leslie Yalof Garfield". Pace Law. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ↑ "Intentional Infliction by Internet: The Case for a Criminal Law Theory of Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress". Social Science Research Network. SSRN 1517951.
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