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  | This article about a Chilean political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
After the 1891 Chilean Civil War and the dissolution of the coalition between conservatives, radicals and antibalmacedist liberals the Radical Party, the Democrat Party and several liberal organizations formed the Liberal Alliance (Spanish : Alianza Liberal). It was the main opposer of the Coalition. Along with the Coalition, it was one of the two parties of the bipartidist system of that period, the era of the Chilean parliamentary republic. The Alliance would later be called the Liberal Union, during a period in which it was a union of the radicals, the democrats and all liberal groups (liberals, liberal democrats, nationals and the doctrinary liberals) . It disappeared in 1925.
| Year of election of parliament members | 1891 | 1894 | 1897 | 1900 | 1903 | 1906 | 1909 | 1912 | 1915 | 1918 | 1921 | 1924 |
| Liberal Alliance | 54 | 66 | 26 | 42 | 38 | 53 | 52 | 62 | 53 | 67 | 68 | 75 |
| Coalition | 40 | 28 | 68 | 52 | 56 | 41 | 43 | 56 | 65 | 51 | 48 | 43 |
| Max number of parliament seats | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 118 | 118 | 118 | 116 | 118 |
| Year of election of senators | 1891 | 1894 | 1897 | 1900 | 1903 | 1906 | 1909 | 1912 | 1915 | 1918 | 1921 | 1924 |
| Liberal Alliance | 23 | 22 | 14 | 16 | 9 | 7 | 17 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 23 |
| Coalition | 9 | 10 | 18 | 16 | 23 | 22 | 15 | 19 | 16 | 13 | 13 | 14 |
| Max number of senators | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 29 | 32 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
The original version of this article draws heavily on the corresponding article in the Spanish-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of 8 June 2007.
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| | This article about a Chilean political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
The territory of Chile has been populated since at least 3000 BCE. By the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors began to colonize the region of present-day Chile, and the territory was a colony between 1540 and 1818, when it gained independence from Spain. The country's economic development was successively marked by the export of first agricultural produce, then saltpeter and later copper. The wealth of raw materials led to an economic upturn, but also led to dependency, and even wars with neighboring states. Chile was governed during most of its first 150 years of independence by different forms of restricted government, where the electorate was carefully vetted and controlled by an elite.
Chile's government is a representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Chile is both head of state and head of government, and of a formal multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and by his or her cabinet. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the National Congress. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature of Chile.
The Socialist Party of Chile is a centre-left political party. Its historic leader was President of Chile Salvador Allende, who was deposed in a coup d'état by General Augusto Pinochet in 1973. Twenty-seven years later, Ricardo Lagos Escobar represented the Socialist Party in the 1999–2000 Chilean presidential election. He won 48.0% in the first round of voting and was elected with 51.3% in the second round. In the 2001 Chilean parliamentary election, as part of the Coalition of Parties for Democracy, the party won 10 out of 117 seats in the Chamber of Deputies of Chile and 5 out of 38 elected seats in the Senate. After the 2005 Chilean parliamentary election, the party increased its seats to 15 and 8, respectively. In the 2009 Chilean parliamentary election, it retained 11 Congressional and 5 Senate seats.
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Federico Errázuriz Echaurren was a Chilean politician who served as the 12th President of Chile.
Jorge Eduardo Alessandri Rodríguez was the 27th President of Chile from 1958 to 1964, and was the candidate of the Chilean right in the crucial presidential election of 1970, which he lost to Salvador Allende. He was the son of Arturo Alessandri, who was president from 1920 to 1925 and again from 1932 to 1938.
General elections were held in Chile on Sunday, December 11, 2005 to elect the president and members of the National Congress. None of the four presidential candidates received an absolute majority, leading to a runoff election between the top two candidates — Michelle Bachelet from the Coalition of Parties for Democracy and Sebastián Piñera from National Renewal — on Sunday, January 15, 2006. Bachelet was victorious with 53.49% of the vote. She succeeded President Ricardo Lagos on March 11, 2006, for a period of four years, after Congress reformed the Constitution in September 2005 and reduced the term from six years.
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The Radical Party is a Chilean political party. It was formed in 1863 in Copiapó by a split in the Liberal Party. Not coincidentally, it was formed shortly after the organization of the Grand Lodge of Chile, and it has maintained a close relationship with Chilean Freemasonry throughout its life. As such, it represented the anticlericalist position in Chilean politics, and was instrumental in producing the "theological reforms" in Chilean law in the early 1880s. These laws removed the cemeteries from the control of the Roman Catholic Church, established a civil registry of births and death in place of the previous recordkeeping of the church, and established a civil law of matrimony, which removed the determination of validity of marriages from the church. Prior to these laws, it was impossible for non-Catholics to contract marriage in Chile, and meant that any children they produced were illegitimate. Non-Catholics had also been barred from burial in Catholic cemeteries, which were virtually the only cemeteries in the country; instead, non-Catholics were buried in the beaches, and even on the Santa Lucia Hill in Santiago, which, in the 19th century, functioned as Santiago's dump.
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The Coalition, also but rarely known as Conservative Coalition, was a Chilean coalition formed in 1891 after the 1891 Chilean Civil War and it was the main opposer of the Liberal Alliance. The Coalition was formed by the Conservative Party, democrats, nationals and different liberal organizations. Along with the Liberal Alliance, it was one of the two parties of the bipartidist system of that time. Between 1920 and 1925 it took as name National Union and during that period it was formed by the Conservative Party, the unionist liberals, the nationals and the liberal democrats.
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A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social-democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault". The phrase has also been used to refer to political coalitions "sponsored and dominated by Communists as a device for gaining power". More generally, it is "a coalition especially of leftist political parties against a common opponent".
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