Libertina

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Africa Proconsularis

Libertina was a town of the Roman province of Byzacena in North Africa during the Roman Empire. [1] [2] The town is tentatively identified with ruins near Souc-El-Arba, Tunisia. [3]

<i>Civitas</i> Roman civil law

In the history of Rome, the Latin term civitas, according to Cicero in the time of the late Roman Republic, was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by law. It is the law that binds them together, giving them responsibilities (munera) on the one hand and rights of citizenship on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity", into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens, it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.

Roman province Major Roman administrative territorial entity outside of Italy

The Roman provinces were the lands and people outside of Rome itself that were controlled by the Republic and later the Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman who was appointed as governor. Although different in many ways, they were similar to the states in Australia or the United States, the regions in the United kingdom or New Zealand, or the prefectures in Japan. Canada refers to some of its territory as provinces.

Byzacena was a Late Roman province in the central part of Roman North Africa, which is now roughly Tunisia, split off from Africa Proconsularis.

The town was also the seat of a Christian bishopric, [4] which survives as an ancient suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church in North Africa. [5] During the 5th century the Catholic Bishop Victor and his Donatist rival, bishop Januarius, exchanged heated words at the Council of Carthage in 411. [6] There appears to have been sectarian violence in Libertina during the lead up to the council.

<i>Cathedra</i> seat of a bishop

A cathedra or bishop's throne is the seat of a bishop. It is a symbol of the bishop's teaching authority in the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion churches. Cathedra is the Latin word for a chair with armrests, and it appears in early Christian literature in the phrase "cathedrae apostolorum", indicating authority derived directly from the apostles; its Roman connotations of authority reserved for the Emperor were later adopted by bishops after the 4th century. A church into which a bishop's official cathedra is installed is called a cathedral.

A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese".

A bishop is an ordained, consecrated, or appointed member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight.

The current bishop Andreas Laun of Salzburg, Austria. [7] resigned in October 2017. [8]

Salzburg City in Austria

Salzburg, literally "salt castle", is the fourth-largest city in Austria and the capital of Federal State of Salzburg.

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References

  1. ↑ Operum quae exstant volumen primum [secundum] Ex lingua anglicana in latinam convertit Jo. Henricus Grischovius...cum praefatione Jo. Franc. Buddei(Joseph Bingham, Grischow, 1758) p 639.
  2. ↑ Frederic Martin, Notes on the Four Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles: Illustrations of the Doctrine Principle and Practice of the Church of England (W. Pickering, 1838 ) p 540.
  3. ↑ Titular Episcopal See of Libertina at GCatholic.org.
  4. ↑ Libertina at Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
  5. ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN   978-88-209-9070-1)
  6. ↑ Brent D. Shaw, Sacred Violence: African Christians and Sectarian Hatred in the Age of Augustine (Cambridge University Press, 2011) p574.
  7. ↑ Le Petit Episcopologe, Issue 141, Number 12,503.
  8. ↑ The Last: Faithful Auxiliary Bishop Laun Dismissed on 75th Birthday.
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