The following is a list of dahlia cultivars which have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. They are tuberous perennials, originally from South America, with showy daisy-like composite flowerheads in all shades and combinations of white, yellow, orange, pink and red, flowering in late summer and autumn (fall). Much work has been done on the development of a range of flower shapes and sizes. They may be sold as dry tubers in Spring, and started off in heat before being planted out after all danger of frost has passed. Alternatively they can be purchased later in the season, in pots ready to flower. Dwarf bedding types are usually cultivated as annuals and discarded after flowering. In mild areas without penetrating frosts, mature plants can be overwintered in the garden; otherwise, they are lifted and stored in a frost free place. They are easily propagated from cuttings in Spring. [1]
Flower shapes can be divided into 14 main groups:-
As of 2015, 124 cultivars are listed. [2] Maximum dimensions of plants are shown in centimetres.
Name | Type | Colour | Height (cm) | Spread (cm) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allan Sparkes | waterlily | pink | 150 | 100 | [3] |
Almand's Climax | decorative | pink | 100 | 100 | [4] |
Alva's Doris | semi-cactus | red | 120 | 60 | [5] |
Alva's Supreme | decorative | yellow (pale) | 120 | 60 | [6] |
Ann Breckenfelder | collerette | red/yellow | 170 | 100 | [7] |
April Heather | collerette | yellow/pink | 125 | 50 | [8] |
Asahi Chohje | anemone | red/white | 150 | 100 | [9] |
Bednall Beauty | dwarf bedding | red | 50 | 50 | [10] |
Bishop of Llandaff | peony | red | 110 | 45 | [11] |
Blyton Softer Gleam | decorative | yellow/orange | 135 | 100 | [12] |
Bridge View Aloha | semi-cactus | yellow/red | 150 | 100 | [13] |
Brookfield Delight | single | orange | 50 | 50 | [14] |
Charlie Dimmock | waterlily | orange/yellow | 185 | 150 | [15] |
Chat Noir | semi-cactus | red/purple | 170 | 100 | [16] |
Clair de Lune | collerette | cream | 110 | 60 | [17] |
Cream Alva's | decorative | cream | 150 | 100 | [18] |
David Howard | decorative | yellow (bronze) | 100 | 50 | [19] |
Don Hill | collerette | red/yellow | 150 | 100 | [20] |
Dovegrove | single | red | 100 | 50 | [21] |
Edwin's Sunset | waterlily | red | 120 | 50 | [22] |
Ellen Huston | dwarf bedding | orange (scarlet) | 50 | 50 | [23] |
Exotic Dwarf | single lilliput | pink/purple/yellow | 40 | 40 | [24] |
Fascination | peony | pink | 60 | 45 | [25] |
Figurine | waterlily | pink (pale) | 100 | 50 | [26] |
Finchcocks | waterlily | orange | 120 | 60 | [27] |
Freya's Paso Doble | anemone | white/yellow | 110 | 60 | [28] |
Fusion | decorative | white/pale pink | 100 | 50 | [29] |
Gallery Art Deco [30] | decorative | orange/red | 100 | 50 | [31] |
Gallery Art Fair | decorative | white | 50 | 50 | [32] |
Gallery Art Nouveau [33] | decorative | pink (raspberry) | 100 | 50 | [34] |
Gallery La Tour | decorative | pink | 50 | 50 | [35] |
Gallery Leonardo [36] | decorative | pink | 50 | 50 | [37] |
Gallery Pablo [38] | decorative | pink/yellow | 50 | 50 | [39] |
Gallery Rembrandt [40] | decorative | pink (bright) | 100 | 50 | [41] |
Gallery Renoir [42] | decorative | pink (rose) | 50 | 50 | [43] |
Gallery Vincent [44] | decorative | yellow/orange | 50 | 50 | [45] |
Geoffrey Kent | decorative | red | 100 | 50 | [46] |
Glorie van Heemstede | decorative | yellow | 130 | 60 | [47] |
Grenadier | decorative | red | 100 | 100 | [48] |
Hamari Accord | semi-cactus | yellow (pale) | 120 | 60 | [49] |
Hamari Bride | semi-cactus | white | 120 | 60 | [50] |
Hamari Gold | decorative | yellow | 120 | 60 | [51] |
Hamari Rosé | ball | pink/yellow | 120 | 60 | [52] |
Hamilton Lillian | decorative | orange | 120 | 60 | [53] |
Happy Days Purple='Hdpu165' | single | purple | 40 | 40 | [54] |
Happy Single Flame | single | red/yellow | 80 | 50 | [55] |
Happy Single Princess | single | pink/white | 80 | 50 | [56] |
Happy Single Wink | single | purple-pink/red | 60 | 50 | [57] |
Harvest Samantha | single lilliput | pink (deep) | 70 | 50 | [58] |
Hillcrest Candy | semi-cactus | pink/white | 150 | 50 | [59] |
Hillcrest Desire | cactus | orange | 120 | 60 | [60] |
Hillcrest Regal | collerette | red (deep) | 120 | 60 | [61] |
Hillcrest Royal | cactus | purple | 120 | 60 | [62] |
Honka | single orchid | yellow | 100 | 50 | [63] |
Jodie Wilkinson | ball | peach/lemon | 120 | 50 | [64] |
Jomanda | ball | orange | 110 | 60 | [65] |
Josie Gott | ball | white/purple | 100 | 50 | [66] |
Karenglen | decorative | orange | 110 | 60 | [67] |
Kenora Sunset | semi-cactus | yellow/orange | 120 | 60 | [68] |
Kenora Valentine | decorative | red | 120 | 60 | [69] |
Kidd's Climax | decorative | red | 110 | 60 | [70] |
Kilburn Rose | waterlily | pink/peach | 100 | 50 | [71] |
Knockout | single | yellow/orange | 100 | 100 | [72] |
Lakeland Sunset | cactus | yellow | 100 | 100 | [73] |
Le Castel | waterlily | white | 100 | 100 | [74] |
Lemon Elegans | semi-cactus | yellow (lemon) | 130 | 100 | [75] |
Lilac Marston | decorative | lila/purple | 150 | 100 | [76] |
Lilac Taratahi | cactus | pink | 150 | 100 | [77] |
Lismore Willie | waterlily | yellow (bronze) | 120 | 60 | [78] |
Magenta Star | single | pink (magenta) | 130 | 100 | [79] |
Maiko Girl | double orchid | pink | 100 | 50 | [80] |
Marie Schnugg | single orchid | red/yellow | 50 | 50 | [81] |
Mary's Jomanda | ball | pink/purple | 150 | 100 | [82] |
Mayan Pearl | double orchid | pink | 65 | 50 | [83] |
Melody Harmony | decorative | pink/white | 80 | 50 | [84] |
Moonfire | dwarf bedding | yellow/red | 75 | 45 | [85] |
My-nute Blend | misc | orange/yellow | 50 | 50 | [86] |
Oakwood Naranga | decorative | orange | 100 | 50 | [87] |
Ocean Bird | decorative | pink | 100 | 50 | [88] |
Omo | single lily | white/yellow | 40 | 40 | [89] |
Otto's Thrill | decorative | pink (soft) | 110 | 50 | [90] |
Pearl of Heemstede | decorative | pink (silvery) | 100 | 45 | [91] |
Pink Giraffe | double orchid | pink | 135 | 50 | [92] |
Pink Pastelle | semi-cactus | pink | 120 | 60 | [93] |
Pooh - Swan Island | collerette | orange/yellow | 100 | 50 | [94] |
Preston Park | dwarf bedding | red (scarlet) | 45 | 45 | [95] |
Pretty Woman='Vdtg43' | single | pink/purple | 40 | 40 | [96] |
Rhonda Suzanne | pompon | purple (pale) | 150 | 50 | [97] |
Ruby Murray [98] | decorative | pink (deep) | 75 | 50 | [99] |
Ryecroft Jan | ball | white | 165 | 100 | [100] |
Ryecroft Marge | anemone | pink/yellow | 150 | 100 | [101] |
Shep's Memory | waterlily | peach | 180 | 100 | [102] |
Small World | pompon | white | 110 | 60 | [103] |
So Dainty | semi-cactus | orange (pale) | 110 | 60 | [104] |
Tally Ho [105] | miscellaneous | orange (pale) | 60 | 45 | [106] |
Taratahi Ruby | waterlily | red | 150 | 100 | [107] |
Trelyn Crimson | collerette | red | 120 | 50 | [108] |
Trelyn Daisy | collerette | white/yellow | 140 | 140 | [109] |
Trelyn Kiwi | semi-cactus | pink/white | 100 | 50 | [110] |
Trelyn Rhiannon | cactus | pink/yellow | 180 | 100 | [111] |
Twyning's After Eight | single | white | 100 | 100 | [112] |
Twyning's Revel | single | pink (deep) | 120 | 100 | [113] |
Waltzing Mathilda | misc. | orange/pink | 70 | 50 | [114] |
Westerton Folly | ball | pink (deep) | 120 | 50 | [115] |
Weston Pirate | cactus | red (ruby) | 150 | 100 | [116] |
Weston Spanish Dancer | cactus | yellow/red | 150 | 100 | [117] |
Weston Stardust | cactus | pink/yellow | 100 | 50 | [118] |
White Alva's | decorative | white | 120 | 60 | [119] |
White Ballet | decorative | white | 90 | 60 | [120] |
Witteman's Superba | semi-cactus | red (crimson) | 150 | 100 | [121] |
Wootton Cupid | ball | pink/yellow | 110 | 60 | [122] |
Wootton Impact | semi-cactus | yellow (bronze) | 110 | 60 | [123] |
Yellow Hammer | dwarf bedding | yellow (pale) | 60 | 45 | [124] |
Zorro [125] | decorative | red (crimson) | 120 | 60 | [126] |
Canna or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species. All of the genus's species are native to the American tropics and naturalized in Europe, India and Africa in the 1860s. Although they grow native to the tropics, most cultivars have been developed in temperate climates and are easy to grow in most countries of the world, as long as they receive at least 6–8 hours average sunlight during the summer, and are moved to a warm location for the winter. See the Canna cultivar gallery for photographs of Canna cultivars.
Dahlia is a genus of bushy, tuberous, herbaceous perennial plants native to Mexico and Central America. As a member of the Asteraceae family of dicotyledonous plants, its relatives include the sunflower, daisy, chrysanthemum, and zinnia. There are 49 species of Dahlia, with hybrids commonly grown as garden plants. Flower forms are variable, with one head per stem; these can be as small as 5 cm (2 in) diameter or up to 30 cm (1 ft). This great variety results from garden dahlias being octoploids—that is, they have eight sets of homologous chromosomes. In addition, dahlias also contain many transposons—genetic pieces that move from place to place upon an allele—which contributes to their manifesting such great diversity.
Camellia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in tropical and subtropical areas in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species. Camellias are popular ornamental, tea and woody-oil plants that have been cultivated throughout the world for centuries. To date, over 26,000 cultivars, with more than 51,000 cultivar names including synonyms, have been registered or published.
Clematis is a genus of about 380 species within the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids and cultivars have been popular among gardeners, beginning with Clematis 'Jackmanii', a garden staple since 1862; more cultivars are being produced constantly. They are mainly of Chinese and Japanese origin.
Deutzia is a genus of about 60 species of flowering plants in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to eastern and central Asia, and Central America and also Europe. By far the highest species diversity is in China, where 50 species occur.
Osteospermum, is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Calenduleae, one of the smaller tribes of the sunflower/daisy family Asteraceae. They are known as the daisybushes or African daisies. Its species have been given several common names, including African daisy, South African daisy, Cape daisy and blue-eyed daisy.
Rudbeckia hirta, commonly called black-eyed Susan, is a North American flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Eastern and Central North America and naturalized in the Western part of the continent as well as in China. It has now been found in all 10 Canadian Provinces and all 48 of the states in the contiguous United States.
Hosta is a genus of plants commonly known as hostas, plantain lilies and occasionally by the Japanese name gibōshi. Hostas are widely cultivated as shade-tolerant foliage plants. The genus is currently placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae, and is native to northeast Asia. Like many "lilioid monocots", the genus was once classified in the Liliaceae. The genus was named by Austrian botanist Leopold Trattinnick in 1812, in honor of the Austrian botanist Nicholas Thomas Host. In 1817, the generic name Funkia was used by German botanist Kurt Sprengel in honor of Heinrich Christian Funck, a collector of ferns and alpines; this was later used as a common name and can be found in some older literature.
Camellia japonica, known as common camellia, or Japanese camellia, is a species of Camellia, a flowering plant genus in the family Theaceae. There are thousands of cultivars of C. japonica in cultivation, with many colors and forms of flowers. In the U.S. it is sometimes called japonica. In the wild, it is found in mainland China, Taiwan, southern Korea and southwestern Japan. It grows in forests, at altitudes of around 300–1,100 metres (980–3,600 ft).
Erica vagans, the Cornish heath or wandering heath, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to Ireland, Cornwall, western France and Spain. It is a vigorous, spreading, evergreen heather reaching 75 cm (30 in) tall and wide, with pink flowers borne in racemes 14 cm (6 in) long in summer and autumn. The Latin specific epithet vagans literally means "wandering"; in this context it means "widely distributed".
Erica carnea, the winter heath, winter-flowering heather, spring heath or alpine heath, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to mountainous areas of central, eastern and southern Europe, where it grows in coniferous woodlands or stony slopes.
Heuchera is a genus of largely evergreen perennial plants in the family Saxifragaceae, all native to North America. Common names include alumroot and coral bells.
Rudbeckia fulgida, the orange coneflower or perennial coneflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern North America.
Ferocactus viridescens is a species of flowering plant in the cactus family Cactaceae. This rare barrel cactus is known by several common names, including coast barrel cactus, keg cactus and San Diego barrel cactus. Most of its native range in the United States is in San Diego County, California, where it is threatened by development, agriculture, and other alterations in its habitat. It is also found in northern Baja California, Mexico.
Lathyrus vernus, the spring vetchling, spring pea, or spring vetch, is a species of flowering herbaceous perennial plant in the genus Lathyrus, native to forests of Europe and Siberia. It forms a dense clump of pointed leaves with purple flowers in spring, shading to a greenish-blue with age.
Crocus chrysanthus, the snow crocus or golden crocus, is a species of flowering plant of the Crocus genus in the family Iridaceae. Native to the Balkans and Turkey, it bears vivid orange-yellow bowl-shaped flowers. It has smaller corms and a smaller flower than the giant Dutch crocus, although it produces more flowers per corm than the latter. Its common name, "snow crocus", derives from its exceptionally early flowering period, blooming about two weeks before the giant crocus, and often emerging through the snow in late winter or early spring. The leaves are narrow with a silver central stripe. Height: 3–4 inches (7.6–10.2 cm).
Zinnia elegans known as youth-and-age, common zinnia or elegant zinnia, is an annual flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Mexico but grown as an ornamental in many places and naturalised in several places, including scattered locations in South and Central America, the West Indies, the United States, Australia, and Italy.
Heliopsis helianthoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common names rough oxeye, smooth oxeye and false sunflower. It is native to eastern and central North America from Saskatchewan east to Newfoundland and south as far as Texas, New Mexico, and Georgia.
Garden marguerites, also known as marguerite daisies, are cultivars of plants in the subtribe Glebionidinae of the family Asteraceae, the great majority being hybrids created in cultivation. One of the genera belonging to the subtribe, Argyranthemum, was introduced into cultivation from the Canary Islands in the 18th century, and modern cultivars are mostly sold and grown under the genus name Argyranthemum or the species name Argyranthemum frutescens, although many are actually intergeneric hybrids. The first such hybrids involved species now placed in the genus Glebionis, but other crosses within the subtribe are known. Breeding has aimed at introducing flower heads in varied colours and shapes while retaining the shrubby habit of Argyranthemum. Garden marguerites are used as summer bedding or grown in containers. Most are only half-hardy. They can be trained into shapes such as pyramids or grown as standards.