List of Roman governors of Syria

Last updated

This is a list of governors of the Roman province of Syria . From 27 BC, the province was governed by an imperial legate of consular rank. The province was divided in AD 193 into Syria Coele and Syria Phoenicia. In c. 415 AD, Syria Coele was divided into Syria Prima and Syria Secunda. During the reign of Theodosius I (379 – 395), Syria Phoenicia was divided into Phoenicia Maritima and Phoenicia Libanensis.

Contents

Proconsular governors of Syria (65–27 BC)

Propraetorial Imperial Legates of Roman Syria (27 BC to 193 AD)

DateGovernor
25 – 23 BCMarcus Terentius Varro
23 – 13 BC Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
13/12 – 10/9 BC Marcus Titius
9 – 7/6 BC Gaius Sentius Saturninus
7/6 – 4 BC Publius Quinctilius Varus
4 BC – 1 ADUnknown [1]
1 AD – 4 AD Gaius Julius Caesar Vipsanianus
4 – 5 Lucius Volusius Saturninus
6 – 12 Publius Sulpicius Quirinius
12 – 17 Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus Silanus
17 – 19 Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso
19 – 21 Gnaeus Sentius Saturninus
22 – 32 Lucius Aelius Lamia
32 – 35 Lucius Pomponius Flaccus
35 – 39 Lucius Vitellius
39 – 41/42 Publius Petronius
41/42 – 44/45 Gnaeus (Gaius?) Vibius Marsus
45 – 49 Cassius Longinus
50 – 60 Gaius Ummidius Durmius Quadratus
60 – 63 Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo
63 – 67 Cestius Gallus
67 – 69 Gaius Licinius Mucianus
70 – 72 Lucius Caesennius Paetus
72 – 73 Aulus Marius Celsus
73 – 78 Marcus Ulpius Traianus
78 – 82 Lucius Ceionius Commodus
82 – 84 Titus Atilius Rufus
87 – 90 Publius Valerius Patruinus
90 – 93 Aulus Bucius Lappius Maximus
93 – 96 Gaius Octavius Tidius Tossianus Lucius Javolenus Priscus
96 – 97 Marcus Cornelius Nigrinus Curiatius Maternus
97 – 100 Aulus Larcius Priscus
100 – 104 Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus
104 – 108 Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus
108 – 112 Lucius Fabius Justus
114 – 115 Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus
117 Publius Aelius Hadrianus
117 – ?120 Lucius Catilius Severus Julianus Claudius Reginus [2]
125 – 128 Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus [3]
128 – ?136 Gaius Quinctius Certus Poblicius Marcellus
?136 – 137 Gaius Bruttius Praesens Lucius Fulvius Rusticus [4]
137 – 140 Sextus Julius Major
140 Lucius Burbuleius Optatus Ligarianus
144 Lucius Sergius Paullus [5]
147 – 150Sulpicius Julianus
150 – 154 Marcus Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus
154 – 157Marcus Cassius Apollinaris
157 – 162Lucius Attidius Cornelianus
163 – 164 Marcus Annius Libo
164 – 166 Gnaeus Julius Verus
166 – 175 Gaius Avidius Cassius
175 – 178 Publius Martius Verus
179 – 182 Publius Helvius Pertinax
183 – 185 Gaius Domitius Dexter
186 – 187Gaius Julius Saturninus
187 – 190 Asellius Aemilianus
190 – 193 Gaius Pescennius Niger

Propraetorial Imperial Legates of Syria Coele (193 AD to c. 295 AD)

DateGovernor
c. 207 – 209 Marius Maximus
c. 209 – 211Minicius Martialis
c. 216Aurelius Mam(---)
c. 221 Julius Antonius Seleucus
Between 225 and 235Quintus Aradius Rufinus Optatus Aelianus
(?) 235(? Claudius Sollemnius) Pacatianus
c. 241 Attius Rufinus
c. 241 – 249Flavius Antiochus
c. 251Atilius Cosminus
c. 251Pomponius Laetianus
During the 260s Virius Lupus
c. 275Maximinus [6]
c. 279 Julius Saturninus
Between 276 and 282Claudius Cleobulus
Between 289 and 297L. Aelius Helvius Dionysius
290Charisius

Propraetorial Imperial Legates of Syria Phoenicia (193 AD to c. 295 AD)

DateGovernor
193 – 194Ti. Manilius Fuscus [7]
198Q. Venidius Rufus Marius Maximus L. Calvinianus
c. 207Domitius Leo Procillianus
213D. Pius Cassius
Between 268 and 270Salvius Theodorus
Between 284 and 305L. Artorius Pius Maximus
292 – 293Crispinus

Consularis Governors of Syria Coele (c. 295 AD to c. 415 AD)

DateGovernor
Between 293 and 305Latinius Primosus
305Verinus
? 323Dyscolius
After 324Arrius Maximus
Between 324 and 337Plutarchus
Between 329 and 335Fl. Dionysius [8]
338Nonnus [9]
388Eustathius [10]
347Theodorus
348Fl. Antonius Hierocles
349Anatolius
Before 353Honoratus
354Theophilus
355Dionysius
355 – 356Gymnasius
358Nicentius
358 – 359Sabinus
360Tryphonianus
360Italicianus
361Siderius
363Alexander
363 – 364Celsus
364Marcianus
Between 364 and 380Protasius
Between 364 and 380Protasius [11]
Between 365 and 368Festus
Between 365 and 371Aetherius
Between 370 and 374Fl. Eutolmius Tatianus
c. 379/80Carterius
Before 381Domnicus
c. 382Marcellinus
c. 382/3Pelagius
Between 382 and 393Timocrates
c. 384/5Eumolpius
386Tisamenus
387Celsus
388Lucianus
388Eustathius
389Eutropius
c. 389/90Palladius
390Infantius
Before 392Capitolinus
Before 392Iullus
? 392/3Florentius
Before 393/4Severus

Consularis Governors of Syria Phoenicia (c. 295 AD to c. 395 AD)

DateGovernor
Between 293 and 305Aelius Statuus
Between 293 and 303Sossianus Hierocles
Before 305Julius Julianus
? Between 309/313Maximus
c. 323Achillius
328 – 329Fl. Dionysius
335Archelaus
c. 337Nonnus
342Marcellinus
353/4Apollinaris
Before 358Demetrius
358 – 359Nicentius [12]
(?) 359/60Euchrostius
Before 360Julianus
360 – 361Andronicus
Before 361Aelius Claudius Dulcitius
361Anatolius
c. 361/2Polycles
362Julianus
362 – 363 Gaianus
363 – 364Marius
364Ulpianus
364 – 365Domninus
372Leontius
380Petrus
382 – 383Proculus
Before 388Eustathius
388Antherius
388Epiphanius
390Domitius
391Severianus
392Leontius

See also

Footnotes

  1. Some consider that Lucius Calpurnius Piso "the Pontifex" was here the governor of Syria. This is based on an inscription called the Titulus Tiburtinus .
  2. Migliorati G. A proposito di L. Catilio Severo, legatus Augusti di Siria. Epigraphica. 2002(64):85-92.
  3. Gil Gambash and Assaf Yasur-Landau, "Governor Of Judea And Syria - A New Dedication From Dor To Gargilius Antiquus", Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik, 205 (2018), p. 160
  4. Dąbrowa E. Hadrianic governors of Syria: a reappraisal. Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 2017:285-91.
  5. Eck W. "Sergius Paullus, der Liebhaber der Philosophie in Lucans Peregrinus Proteus", Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, 157 (2014), pp. 222f
  6. Martindale & Jones, pg. 1105
  7. Hall, pg. 94
  8. Hall, pg. 95
  9. Hall, pg. 96
  10. Hall, pg. 103
  11. Successor to the previous Protasius – see Martindale & Jones, pg. 1106
  12. Martindale, J. R. & A. H. M. Jones, "Nicentius 1", The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I AD 260-395 (Cambridge: University Press, 1971), p. 628

Bibliography