List of Roman governors of Asia

This is a list of known governors of the Roman province of Asia . Created after 133 BC, the province was eventually reorganized by the emperor Augustus who assigned it to the Senate as a proconsular governorship. The province was divided by Diocletian during his reorganization of the empire during the 290s, and a small portion of the province retained the name. Eventually the province was absorbed into the Thracesian Theme sometime during the seventh century. Many of the dates listed are approximate dates for the holding of the office.

Republican governors of Asia (133–27 BC)

Unless otherwise indicated, entries for the Republican period are based on T.R.S. Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic (1952), vol. II.

• Quintus Mucius Scaevola Augur (97/96 BC)
•  ? Lucius Gellius (93/92 BC). Alternatively proconsul in Cilicia.
• Gaius Julius Caesar (91/90 BC)
• L. Lucilius L.f. (? 90/89 BC)
• C. Cassius (89–87 BC). Appian calls him "Lucius Cassius". ^[1]
• Lucius Licinius Murena (84/83 BC)
•  ? L. Cornelius Lentulus (82/81 BC). Uncertain if proconsul in Asia or Africa. ^[2]
• Marcus Minucius Thermus (80/79 BC)
• Gaius Claudius Nero (79/78 BC)
•  ? Terentius Varro (77/76 BC)
• Marcus Junius Silanus (76/75 BC)
• M. Juncus (75/74 BC)
• Lucius Licinius Lucullus (73–69 BC) ^[3]
• Publius Cornelius Dolabella (? 69/68 BC) ^[4]
• Titus Aufidius (66/65 BC)
• Publius Varinius (65/64 BC)
•  ? P. Orbius (64/63 BC)
• P. Servilius Globulus (63/62 BC)
• Lucius Valerius Flaccus (62/61 BC)
• Quintus Tullius Cicero (61–58 BC)
• Gaius Fabius Hadrianus (57/56 BC)
• Gaius Septimius (56/55 BC)
• Gaius Claudius Pulcher (55–53 BC)
• Quintus Minucius Thermus (52–49 BC)
• Lucius Antonius (49 BC): proquaestor pro praetore, left in command by Thermus
• Appuleius (47/46 BC): proquaestor pro praetore
• Publius Servilius Isauricus (46–44 BC): propraetor, then proconsul ^[5]
• Gaius Trebonius ^[6] (44/43 BC): murdered by Cornelius Dolabella January 43 BC
•  ? M. Turius (42/41 BC): driven out of Asia by the Parthians
• Lucius Munatius Plancus (39/38 BC). Ronald Syme dates Plancus 39–37 BC. ^[7] Broughton speculates he "probably took command in Asia as the Parthians retreated." ^[8]
• Marcus Cocceius Nerva (38/37 BC)
• Gaius Furnius (35/34 BC). Syme dates Furnius 36–35 BC. ^[7]
•  ? Marcus Titius (34 BC)
• Asinius (Maurucinus ?) (34/33 BC)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (27 BC — AD 180)

Governors under Augustus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from K.M.T. Atkinson, "The Governors of the Province Asia in the Reign of Augustus", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte , 7 (1958), pp. 300–330

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Vedius Pollio [9]	31/30 BC	N/A	propraetor
Marcus Herennius Picens	? 28/27 BC	suff. 34 BC	Broughton dates his tenure to 33/32 BC [10]
Lucius Vinicius	? 27/26 BC	suff. 33 BC
Lucius Volcacius Tullus	? 26/25 BC	ord. 33 BC
Marcus Tullius Cicero	? 24/23 BC	ord. 30 BC
Sextus Appuleius	? 23/22 BC	ord. 29 BC
Gaius Junius Silanus	? 22/21 BC	ord. 17 BC
Potitus Valerius Messalla	? 21-19 BC	suff. 29 BC
Gaius Norbanus Flaccus	? 18/17 or 17/16 BC	ord. 24 BC
Quintus Aemilius Lepidus	15/14 or 14/13 BC	ord. 21 BC	If the subject of the acephalous Titulus Tibertinus (ILS 918) is Gaius Sentius Saturninus (cos. 19 BC), then he was proconsul in 14/13 BC. [11]
Gaius Marcius Censorinus	? 13/12 BC	ord. 8 BC	Syme [12] dates Censorinus to 2/3 BC
Marcus Vinicius [13]	? 12-10 BC	suff. 19 BC	Claude Eilers [14] dates Vinicius to 13/12 BC
Paullus Fabius Maximus [15]	10/9 BC	ord. 11 BC
Paullus Fabius Maximus	? 9/8 BC	ord. 11 BC	If the subject of the acephalous Titulus Tibertinus is Lucius Calpurnius Piso (cos. 15 BC), then he was proconsul in 9/8 BC [16]
Publius Cornelius Scipio	? 8/7 BC	ord. 16 BC	Eilers [17] dates Scipio to 12-10 BC
Iullus Antonius	? 7/6 BC	ord. 10 BC
Gaius Asinius Gallus Saloninus	6/5 BC	ord. 8 BC
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Augur	2/1 BC	ord. 14 BC	Lentulus the Augur is often confused with his relative L. Cornelius Lentulus, cos. 15 BC
Publius Sulpicius Quirinius	? AD 1/2	ord. 12 BC	If the subject of the acephalous Titulus Tibertinus is Quirnius, then he was proconsul this year. [18]
Gaius Antistius Vetus	AD 2/3 or 3/4	ord. 6 BC
Marcus Plautius Silvanus	AD 4/5	ord. 2 BC
Gaius Vibius Postumus	? AD 6-9	suff. AD 5	Syme [19] dates Postumus to AD 12-15
Lucius Calpurnius Piso [20]	? AD 9/10	ord. 1 BC	Syme [12] dates Piso to AD 1/2
Publius Vinicius [21]	? AD 10/11	ord. AD 2	Son of the proconsul of 12-10 BC
Lucius Valerius Messalla Volesus [21]	? AD 12/13	suff. AD 5	Son of the proconsul of 21-19 BC
Lucius Volusius Saturninus [21]	? AD 13/14	suff. AD 3

Governors under Tiberius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Ronald Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls of Asia", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , 53 (1983), pp. 191–208

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Sextus Nonius Quinctilianus	? 16/17	ord. 8
Quintus Poppaeus Secundus	? 17/18	suff. 9
Gaius Junius Silanus	20/21	ord. 10
Manius Aemilius Lepidus	21/22	ord. 11
Gaius Fonteius Capito	23/24 or 22/23	ord. 12
Favonius	24/25 or 25/26	unknown	Syme (1983, p. 200) identifies with Lucilius Longus, suff. 7 BC
Sextus Pompeius	24/25 or 24/26	ord. 14	Syme (History in Ovid, p. 161) suggests Pompeius was prorogued two years.
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus	26-28	cos. 6	Ursula Vogel-Weidemann [22] suggests Lepidus may have been prorogued a third year.
Publius Petronius	? 29-35	suff. 19
Marcus Aurelius Cotta Maximus Messalinus	? 35/36	ord. 20
Gaius Vibius Rufinus	? 36/37	suff. 21 or 22

Governors under Caligula

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls", pp. 191–208

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Gaius Calpurnius Aviola	37/38	suff. 24
Gaius Asinius Pollio	? 38/39	ord. 23
Marcus Vinicius	? 39/40	ord. 30; ord. II 45
Gaius Cassius Longinus	40/41	suff. 30

Governors under Claudius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls", pp. 191–208

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio	? 41/42	suff. 24
Gaius Sallustius Crispus Passienus	? 42/43	suff. 27
Paullus Fabius Persicus	? 43/44	ord. 34
Publius Memmius Regulus	? 48/49	suff. 31
Aulus Didius Gallus	49/50	suff. 39
Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo	50/51	suff. 39
Publius Suillius Rufus	51/52	suff. 41
Lucius Pedanius Secundus	52/53	suff. 43
Tiberius Plautius Silvanus Aelianus	53/54	suff. 45; suff. II 74	Ursula Vogel-Weidemann dates to 55/56

Governors under Nero and the Year of Four Emperors

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme, "Problems about Proconsuls", pp. 191–208

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Marcus Junius Silanus	54	cos. 46	Died in office [23]
? Marius Cordus	55/56	suff. 45 or 47
? M. Vettius Niger [24]	56/57	unknown
Q. Allius Maximus	57/58	suff. 49	So Ursula Vogel-Weidemann; Syme ("Problems about Proconsuls", p. 204) is dubious
Lucius Vipstanus Poplicola	58/59	cos. 48
Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus	? 61/62	suff. 52
P. Volasenna	? 62/63	suff. c. 54
Lucius Salvius Otho Titianus	63/64	cos. 52
Lucius Antistius Vetus	64/65	cos. 55
Manius Acilius Aviola	65/66	cos. 54
Marcus Aefulanus	? 66/67	suff. 54
Marcus Aponius Saturninus	? 67/68	suff. c. 55	Eck, Chiron 1983, p. 189; p. 213: "unter Nero"
Gaius Fonteius Agrippa	69	suff. 58	Called to Moesia in Autumn, 69 (Tacitus, Histories, iii.46)
Marcus Plancius Varus	69	N/A	Legatus proconsulis serving in Agrippa's absence; attested by coins from Apamea

Governors under Vespasian and Titus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron , 12 (1982), pp. 284–303

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Marcus Suillius Nerullinus	69/70	ord. 50	Appointed to complete the term
Titus Clodius Eprius Marcellus	70-73	suff. 62
Aulus Ducenius Geminus [25]	73/74	suff. 60 or 61
Marcus Vettius Bolanus	75/76	suff. 66
Tiberius Catius Asconius Silius Italicus	77/78	suff. 68
Gnaeus Arrius Antoninus	78/79	suff. 69
Marcus Ulpius Trajanus	79/80	suff. c. 70
Gaius Laecanius Bassus Caecina Paetus	80/81	suff. 70

Governors under Domitian

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten", pp. 304–323

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Sextus Julius Frontinus	84/85	suff. 73
Publius Nonius Asprenas Caesius Cassianus	86/87	suff. 72 or 73
Gaius Vettulenus Civica Cerealis	87/88	suff. between 73 and 76	Removed before the completion of his term
Gaius Minicius Italus [26]	88	N/A	Equestrian procurator of Asia, replaced Cerealis
Lucius Mestrius Florus	88/89	suff. between 73 and 76
Marcus Fulvius Gillo	89/90	suff. 76
Lucius Luscius Ocrea	90/91	suff. 77 or 78
Publius Calvisius Ruso Julius Frontinus	92/93	suff. c. 84
Lucius Junius Caesennius Paetus	93/94	suff. 79
Marcus Atilius Postumus Bradua	94/95	suff. 80
Rufus [27]	? 91/91 or ? 95/96	unknown	Eck suggests either Quintus Corellius Rufus (suff. 78), or C. Marius Marcellus Octavius Rufus (suff. 80) [28]

Governors under Nerva and Trajan

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten", pp. 324–362

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Lucius Calventius Sextus Carminius Vetus	96/97	suff. 83
Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator	98/99	suff. c. 84
Q. Julius Balbus	100/101	suff. 85
[Q. Vibius?] Secun(dus)	101/102	suff. 86
C. Aquillius Proculus	103/104	suff. 90
L. Albius Pullaienus Pollio	104/105	suff. 90
Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus	105/106	suff. 92
[L. Dasumius?] Hadrianus	106/107	unknown	If identical with the suffect, his consulate was before 87
Lucius Nonius Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas	107/108	cos. 94
Marcus Lollius Paulinus Decimus Valerius Asiaticus Saturninus	108/109	suff. 94
Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus	109/110	suff. 94
Lucius Baebius Tullus	110/111	suff. 95
Quintus Fabius Postuminus	111/112	suff. 96
Cornelius Tacitus	112/113	suff. 97
Aulus Vicirius Martialis	113/114	suff. 98
M. (Ostorius) Scapula	114/115	suff. 99
Quintus Fulvius Gillo Bittius Proculus	115/116	suff. 99
Ti. Julius Ferox	116/117	suff. 99

Governors under Hadrian

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 13 (1983), pp. 147–185

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Q. Servaeus Innocens	117/118	suff. 101
Galeo Tettienus Severus	118/119	suff. 102
Gaius Trebonius Proculus Mettius Modestus	119/120	suff. 103
Sextus Subrius Dexter Cornelius Priscus	120/121	suff. c. 104
Q. Licinius Silvanus Granianus	121/122	suff. 106
Gaius Minicius Fundanus	122/123	suff. 107
Quintus Pompeius Falco	123/124	suff. 108
Marcus Peducaeus Priscinus	124/125	ord. 110
Titus Avidius Quietus	125/126	suff. 111
Publius Stertinius Quartus	126/127	suff. 112
Lucius Vipstanus Messalla [29]	127/128	ord. 115
Lucius Hedius Rufus Lollianus Avitus	128/129	suff. 114
Publius Juventius Celsus	129/130	suff. 115; ord. II 129
Publius Afranius Flavianus	130/131	suff. 117
Lucius Fundanius Lamia Aelianus	131/132	ord. 116
Gaius Julius Alexander Berenicianus	132/133	suff. 116
Titus Sabinius Barbarus [29]	133/134	suff. 118
Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus	134/135	suff. 119
Titus Aurelius Fulvus	135/136	ord. 120
Quintus Pomponius Marcellus Rufus	136/137	suff. 121

Governors under Antoninus Pius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Syme "The Proconsuls of Asia under Antoninus Pius", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 51 (1983), 271-290

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Lucius Venuleius Apronianus Octavius Priscus [30]	138/139	ord. 123
Lucius Valerius Propinquus	140/141	suff. 126
? Sextus Julius Major	141/142	suff. c. 126	It is possible he was proconsul of Africa instead.
? Q. Insteius Celer	142/143	suff. c. 128
? Tiberius Julius Candidus Celsus	143/144	suff. c. 129
(Tiberius Claudius?) Julianus	144/145	suff. 129/130
Tiberius Claudius Quartinus	145/146	suff. 130
Lucius Antonius Albus	147/148	suff. c. 132
Q. Flavius Tertullus	148/149	suff. 133
Popillius Priscus	149/150	suff. c. 132
Lucius Tutilius Lupercus Pontianus [31]	150/151	ord. 135
Titus Vitrasius Pollio	151/152	suff. c. 137
Gaius Julius Severus	152/153	suff. c. 138
Lucius Statius Quadratus	155/156	ord. 142
Gaius Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus [32]	156/157	ord. 143
Titus Statilius Maximus	157/158	ord. 144
Publius Mummius Sisenna Rutilianus	160/161	suff. 146

Governors under Marcus Aurelius

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen (Bonn: Habelt Verlag, 1977) pp. 214–217 (before 167) and Filippini, “Su alcuni proconsoli d’Asia all’epoca di Marco Aurelio (168-173)” (Roma, 2014) p. 764 (after 167)

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Quintus Cornelius Proculus	161/162	suff. 146
Gaius Popilius Carus Pedo	162/163	suff. 147
Quintus Pompeius Sosius Priscus	163/164	ord. 149
Marcus Gavius Squilla Gallicanus	164/165	ord. 150
D. Fonteius Fronto	165/166	suff. c. 150	Of Asia, per French; [33] Christol and Drew-Bear argue Fronto was one of the first proconsuls of Lycia et Pamphylia. [34]
Titus Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio	167/168	suff. c. 151
Servilius Paullus (M. Servilius Silanus?)	? 168/169	(suff. 152, ord. II 188)
Sextus Quintilius Valerius Maximus	169/170	ord. 151
Marcus Nonius Macrinus	170/171	suff. 154
Gratus	171/172	suff. c. 154-157?
A. Junius Rufinus	? 172/173	ord. 153
Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus	? 173/174	ord. 158
Vibius Bassus	between 155 and 175	suff. between 138 and 160

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (180 — 285)

Governors under Commodus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 221f

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Publius Julius Geminius Marcianus	c. 182	suff. 165 or 166
Novius P[riscus]	between 180 and 183	suff. between 166 and 168
L. A[e]milius [Frontus]	between 182 and 185	suff. between 161 and 166
Quintus Pompeius Senecio Sosius Priscus	c. 184	ord. 169
Gaius Arrius Antoninus	between 188 and 190	suff. c. 173
(L.?) (Ulpius?) Marcellus	189/190	suff. c. 174	perhaps the same as Ulpius Marcellus (Leunissen, pp. 221f)
Sulpicius Crassus	190/191 or 191/192	suff. c. 175/176
Titus Flavius Claudius Sulpicianus	Between 180 and 192	suff. between 165 and 175	Inge Mennen dates to 186 [35]
Asellius Aemilianus	192/193	suff. c. 177	Supported Pescennius Niger in 193. (HA, "Severus", 8)

Governors under Septimius Severus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Ségolène Demougin, "Proconsuls d'Asie sous Septime Sévère, les gouverneurs de la province de 200 à 211", Bulletin de la Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France, 1994 (1996), pp. 323-333

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Lucius Albinius Saturninus [36]	between 190 and 200	suff. between 175 and 182
Lucius Aemilius Iuncus [37]	193/194	suff. 179
Quintus Aurelius Polus Terentianus	200/201	suff. between 188 and 190
Quintus Hedius Rufus Lollianus Gentianus	201/202	suff. c. 186
Tarius Titianus	? 202/203	suff. between 187 and 190	Michel Christol and Thomas Drew-Bear note he might have been governor of Africa [38]
L. Calpurnius Proculus	? 203/204	between 186 and 190
Q. Licinius Nepos	? 204/205	between 180 and 191	Demougin notes [39] Nepos could have been consul at the beginning of the reign of Septimius Severus, which would require a later date.
Popilius Pedo Apronianus	205	ord. 191	Executed while proconsul
Aelius Aglaus	205/206	N/A	procurator Asiae, agens uice praedisidis
Quintus Tineius Sacerdos	206/207	suff. 192	Christol and Drew-Bear date between 206 and 208 [40]
[...]us	207/208	unknown	Christol and Drew-Bear note he could be identified with a known proconsul [41]
Quintus Caecilius Secundus Servilianus	208/209	suff. c. 193
[Sem]pronius Senecio [41]	209/210	suff. c. 195/196	C.P Jones has shown that Ti. Manilius Fuscus was not proconsul of Asia. [42]

Governors under Caracalla

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 224f

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
T. [...]	attested 211	suff. c. 195
C. Gabinius Barbarus Pompeianus	? 211/212	suff. 194
Gavius Tranquillus	? 212/213	suff. c. 197
(M.?) Junius Concessus Aemillianus	? 213/214	suff. c. 198
Lucius Marius Maximus Perpetuus Aurelianus [43]	213-215	suff. c. 199
Gaius Julius Avitus Alexianus [43]	215/216	suff. c. 200

Governors under Macrinus and Elagabalus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 225f

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Gaius Julius Asper	217/218	ord. II 212	designatus
Quintus Anicius Faustus	217-219	suff. 198?
M. Aufidius Fronto	between 219 and 222	ord. 199
C. Aufidius Marcellus	between 219 and 222	suff. c. 205; ord. II 226
(M. Nummius Umbrius Primus Senecio?) Albinus	c. 221	? ord. 206	Mentioned in the Constitutio Antoniniana; identification with the consul of 206 uncertain.

Governors under Alexander Severus

Unless otherwise stated, the following entries are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 226-228

Name	Date proconsul	Date consul	Notes
Quintus (Hedius) Lollianus Plantius Avitus	c. 224	ord. 209
Q. Ai[acius Modestus Crescentianus?]	between 211 and 228	suff. between 198 and 204; II ord. 228
Amicus	Autumn 230 or 231	suff. 215 or 216
Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus	c. 229	suff. between 193 and 217; II ord. 234
(Q. Virius Egnatius?) Sulpicius Priscus	Between 222 and 235	suff. between 193 and 217
Gaius Asinius Nicomachus Julianus	After 222	suff. between 193 and 235

Third-century crisis (235–285)

• Lucius Valerius Messalla Apollinaris ^[44] (between 236 and 238).
• Flavius Balbus Diogenianus ^[45] (between 236 and 238; less likely 250–1)
• Marcus Asinius Sabinianus ^[46] (239 or 240)
• Lucius Egnatius Victor Lollianus ^[47] (242–245)
• Flavius Maximillianus Montanus (248/249) ^[48]
• Attius Rufinus (250s) ^[49]
• Gaius Julius Flavius Proculus Quintilianus (249–250)
• Gaius Julius Octavius Volusenna Rogatianus (c. 253/256)
• Marcus Valerius Turbo (250s) ^[50]
• Maximillianus (? 260)
• (?) Tiberius Pollienus Armenius Peregrinus (unknown date, possibly under Valerian) ^[51]
• Arellius Fuscus (275)
• Faltonius Probus (276)
• Julius Proculus (276)
• Asclepiodotus (283) (praeses)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (285 — 395)

Governors under Diocletian

• Aurelius Hermogenianus (c. 286/305)
• Titus Flavius Festus (c. 286/293)
• Priscus (c. 286/305)
• Lucius Artorius Pius Maximus (c. 287/298)
• Junius Tiberianus (c. 293/303)
• Annius Epifanius (c. 293/305)

Governors under Constantine I

• Amnius Manius Caesonius Nicomachus Anicius Paulinus (c. 324/334)
• Quintus Fabius Titianus (c. 324/337)

Governors under Constantius II

• Lucius Caelius Montius (c. 340/350)
• Marinus (c. 351/354)
• Flavius Magnus (c. 354/359)
• Mantitheus (before 355)
• Julianus (360)

Governors under Julian and Jovian

• Aelius Claudius Dulcitius (361—363)
• Vitalius (363)

Governors under Valens

• Helpidius (364)
• Hormisdas (365)
• Clearchus (366—367)
• Eutropius (c. 371/372)
• Festus (372—378)

Governors under Theodosius I

• Septimius Maeadius (c. 379/386)
• Nummius Aemilianus Dexter (c. 379/387)
• Auxonius (381)
• Nicomachus Flavianus (382—383)
• Victorius (392—394)
• Aurelianus (395)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (395 — 491)

Governors under Arcadius

• Aeternalis (396)
• Simplicius (396)
• Nebridius (396)
• Julianus (397)
• Anatolius (c. 395/408)
• Flavius Anthemius Isidorus (c. 405/410)

Governors under Theodosius II

• Flavius Heliodorus (c. 439/442)
• Proculus (449)

Imperial proconsular governors of Asia (uncertain date)

• (?) Scaurianus (? late third century)
• Cassianus (third/fourth century)
• Cossinius Rufinus (? middle/late third century)
• Axiochus (? late fourth century)
• Ambrosius (? late fourth century)
• Messalinus (fourth/fifth century)
• Aristus (fourth/fifth century)
• Constantinus (fourth/fifth century)
• Nonnus (early fifth century)
• (?) Ignatius (early/mid fifth century)
• (?) Zosimianus (early/mid fifth century)
• Andreas (? fifth century)
• Flavius Axius Arcadius Phlegethius (late fifth/early sixth century)
• Damocharis (fourth/sixth century)
• Theodosius (fifth/sixth century)

See also

• Lists of ancient Roman governors

Sources

• Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen, Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag (1977)
• Barnes, T.D., "Proconsuls of Asia under Caracalla", Phoenix , 40 (1986), pp. 202–205
• Broughton, T. Robert S., The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol II (1952)
• Eck, Werner, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron , 12 (1982), pp. 281–362; 13 (1983), pp. 147–237.
• Filippini, A. “Su alcuni proconsoli d’Asia all’epoca di Marco Aurelio (168-173): Kaisergeschichte e Kirchengeschichte tra fonti letterarie ed epigrafiche”, in M.L. Caldelli - G.L. Gregori (a cura di), Epigrafia e ordine senatorio, 30 anni dopo (Tituli 10), Atti della XIXe Rencontre franco-italienne d’épigraphie du monde romain (Roma 21-23 marzo 2013), Roma 2014, pp. 745–776.
• Laale, Hans Willer, Ephesus (Ephesos): An Abbreviated History from Androclus to Constantine XI, WestBow Press (2011)
• Martindale, J. R.; Jones, A. H. M, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire , Vol. I AD 260–395, Cambridge University Press (1971)
• Martindale, J. R.; Jones, A. H. M, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. II AD 395–527, Cambridge University Press (1980)
• Mennen, Inge, Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284 (2011)
• Syme, Ronald, "The Proconsuls of Asia under Antoninus Pius", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 51 (1983), pp. 271–290
• Syme, Ronald, The Augustan Aristocracy (1986) Clarendon Press .

References

1. Mith. 11, 17, & 24
2. Broughton, MRR, vol. II, p. 67
3. Broughton notes that the dates for his proconsulship depends on two disputed issues: first and foremost is the date of the outbreak of the Third Mithridatic War; second is when Asia was added to his command. (MRR, vol. II pp. 105-107)
4. Broughton, MRR, vol. II p. 138 n.9
5. Broughton, MRR, vol. II p. 297
6. Broughton, MRR, vol. II p. 308
7. Syme, Roman Revolution, p. 266 n. 3
8. Broughton, MRR, vol. II p. 381
9. Syme, The Augustan Aristocracy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986), p. 208
10. Broughton, MRR, vol. II p. 415
11. Nikos Kikkinos, "The Honorand of the Titilus Tiburtinus: C. Sentius Saturninus?" Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , 105 (1995), p. 21–36
12. Augustan Aristocracy, p. 405
13. Syme, Augustan Aristocracy, pp. 62, 405
14. Eilers, "The Proconsulship of P. Cornelius Scipio (Cos. 16 B.C.)", Classical Quarterly , 51 (2001), p. 205
15. Syme and Atkinson prorogate his term; Eilers assigns him a single year
16. Syme, "The Titulus Tiburtinus", in A.R. Birley (ed.), Ronald Syme, Roman Papers (Oxford: Clarenton Press, 1984), vol. III, pp. 869ff
17. Eilers, "Proconsulship", pp. 201-205
18. Atkinson, "Governors of the Province Asia", pp. 314f, 318f
19. Augustan Aristocracy, p. 132
20. Syme, Augustan Aristocracy, p. 337
21. Atkinson notes these proconsulships "must fall within the period 10/11 to 14/15 inclusive, but the precise order is uncertain except for the indications that P. Volusius Saturninus ... is likely to be the latest."
22. Vogel-Weidemann, "Miscellanea zu den Proconsules von Africa und Asia zwischen 14 und 68 n. Chr.", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 46 (1982), p. 268
23. Tacitus, Annales, xiii.1
24. Attilio Degrassi, I fasti consolari dell'Impero Romano dal 30 avanti Cristo al 613 dopo Cristo (Rome, 1952), p. 138
25. Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten", p. 208, Anh. 3
26. CIL V, 875 = ILS 1374
27. Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten", p. 189
28. Eck, "Prokonsuln von Asia in der flavisch-traianischen Zeit", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 45 (1982), p. 151
29. Syme, "Hadrianic Proconsuls of Africa", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 37 (1980), p. 1
30. Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen (Bonn: Habelt Verlag, 1977), p. 211
31. Dietz K. Die beiden P. Mummii Sisennae und der Wiederaufbau der Basilike Stoa von Thera. Chiron. 1993;23:295-312.
32. Wörrle M. Neue Freunde von Antoninus Pius. Ein Kaiserpriester und ein proconsul Asiae in Hierapolis. Chiron. 2019;49:475-88.
33. David French, "D. Fonteius Fronto, proconsul (of Asia)" Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 29 (1978), pp. 211-212
34. Michel Christol and Thomas Drew-Bear, "D. Fonteius Fronto, Proconsul de Lycie-Pamphylie", Greek Roman and Byzantine Studies, 32 (1991), pp. 397-413
35. Mennen, Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284 (2011), p. 122
36. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, p. 222
37. Cornelia Römer, "Diplom für einen Fußsoldaten aus Koptos vom 23. März 179", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 82 (1990), p. 152
38. Christol and Drew-Bear, "Le prince et ses représentants aux limites de l'Asie et de la Galatie: un nouveau questeur et un nouveau proconsul d'Asie sous Septime-Sévère", Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz, 9 (1998), pp. 157f
39. "Proconsuls d'Asie sous Septime Sévère", p. 331
40. "Le prince et ses représentants", p. 160
41. Christol and Drew-Bear, "Le prince et ses représentants", p. 161
42. Jones, "Flavia Politta and Manilius Fuscus", Classical Philology , 84 (1989), pp. 129-136
43. Michel Christol, "Le Proconsulat D'Afrique de L. Marius Maximus Perpetuus Aurelianus", Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz, 25 (2014), p. 142
44. Inge Mennen, Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284 (2011), p. 123f. May be identical to Lucius Valerius Messalla (consul 214).
45. Peter Herrmann, and Ûzmir Hasan Malay, "Statue Bases of the Mid Third Century A.D. from Smyrna", Epigraphica Anatolica, 36 (2003), pp. 6f
46. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, p. 182
47. Herrmann and Malay, "Statue Bases", pp. 1-4
48. Michael Peachin, "Prosopographic Notes from the Law Codes", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 84 (1990), pp. 109-111
49. Herrmann and Malay, "Statue Bases", pp. 7-9
50. Herrmann and Malay, "Statue Bases", pp. 9f
51. Mennen, Power and Status, p. 117