List of Savatage band members

Last updated

Savatage - Wacken Open Air 2015-0996.jpg
(from left to right) Chris Caffery, Johnny Lee Middleton, Zachary Stevens
Savatage at Wacken Open Air in 2015

Savatage is an American heavy metal band, founded by brothers Jon (vocals) and Criss (guitar) Oliva in 1979, under the name Avatar. [1] The band's first stable line-up in the early eighties also included drummer Steve "Doc" Wacholz, and bassist Keith Collins. Currently the band consists of Jon Oliva, alongside bassist Johnny Lee Middleton (since 1986), guitarist Chris Caffery (who first joined in 1987 as a touring member), singer Zachary Stevens (who first joined in 1992), drummer Jeff Plate (since 1994) and guitarist Al Pitrelli (who first joined in 1995)

Contents

History

In 1986 Collins was replaced by Johnny Lee Middleton, and the line-up was expanded in 1987, to include second guitarist Chris Caffery. [2] The nineties began with the band again down to four after Caffery's departure. He was replaced by John Zahner on tour. [3] In 1992 Jon Oliva stepped down as frontman though he remained involved in songwriting. He was replaced by vocalist Zachary Stevens, though Oliva continued to collaborate in the studio. Wacholz also took a hiatus from touring and was replaced by Andy James on tour. The band went on hiatus when Criss Oliva died in a car accident in 1993.

Jon Oliva reformed Savatage in 1994, recording Handful of Rain , with Stevens, new guitarist Alex Skolnick and producer/manager Paul O'Neill. [4] Wacholz and Middleton refused to record as they were grieving Criss Oliva's death. Oliva, Stevens, Skolnick, Middleton and new drummer Jeff Plate all contributed to the supporting tour. The band had a solid lineup from 1995 to 2000 with Al Pitrelli and the returning Caffery replacing Skolnick. In 2000, Stevens and Pitrelli left the band, and Oliva took over lead vocals and Caffery took over lead guitar. In 2001 new members Damond Jiniya (vocals) and Jack Frost (guitar) joined for touring, [5] however Frost was let go in 2002 to make way for the returning Pitrelli, [6] though he was briefly replaced on a tour by Annihilator guitarist Jeff Waters. [7]

In 2014, the band reformed with Oliva/Middleton/Caffery/Stevens/Plate/Pitrelli line-up returning at Wacken Open Air 2015, but were inactive until 2023 when Jon Oliva confirmed work on a new studio album. [8] The band will play their first shows in nearly ten years in the spring and summer of 2025, [9] without Oliva due to his diagnosis of both multiple sclerosis and Ménière's disease. [10]

From 1987 on, Paul O'Neill acted as the band's producer, co-lyricist and co-composer, and leads Trans-Siberian Orchestra along with Jon Oliva and Al Pitrelli. Stevens, Middleton, Caffery and Plate also perform in Trans-Siberian Orchestra, and former guitarist Alex Skolnick has also performed with the group. In April 2017 it was announced that O'Neill had died at the age of 61. [11]

Members

Current members

ImageNameYears activeInstrumentsRelease contributions
Jon Oliva (PK) - Wacken Open Air 2015 01.jpg
Jon Oliva
  • 1978–1992
  • 1994–2002
  • 2014–2015
  • 2023–present (not touring)

[12] [13]

  • lead and backing vocals
  • keyboards (since 1983)
  • guitar (1978–1979, 1994)
  • bass (1978, 1994)
  • drums (1981, 1991, 1994) [14]
all releases including session appearance on Edge of Thorns (1993) [15]
Savatage - Wacken Open Air 2015 13.jpg
Johnny Lee Middleton
  • 1986–2002
  • 2014–2015
  • 2023–present
[16] [14]
  • bass
  • backing vocals
all releases from Fight for the Rock (1986) onwards, except Handful of Rain (1994)
Savatage (PK) - Wacken Open Air 2015 05.jpg
Chris Caffery
  • 1987–1988 (touring)
  • 1989–1990
  • 1994–2002
  • 2014–2015
  • 2023–present
[17] [18] [19] [20]
  • lead and rhythm guitar
  • backing vocals
  • keyboards (1987–1990)
Savatage - Wacken Open Air 2015-0925.jpg
Zachary Stevens
  • 1992–2000
  • 2014–2015 [14]
  • 2023–present
[26] [27]
lead vocalsall releases from Edge of Thorns (1993) [15] to present, except Poets and Madmen (2001)
Savatage (PK) - Wacken Open Air 2015 00 (cropped).jpg
Jeff Plate
  • 1994–2002
  • 2014–2015 [14]
  • 2023–present
[28]
drumsall releases from Japan Live '94 (1995) [29] to present
Savatage - Wacken Open Air 2015-0982.jpg
Al Pitrelli
  • 1995–1999
  • 2002
  • 2014–2015 [14]
  • 2023–present
[30]
  • lead and rhythm guitar
  • backing vocals
  • Dead Winter Dead (1995) [23]
  • The Wake of Magellan (1997) [24]
  • Poets and Madmen (2001) (session musician) [25]

Former members

ImageNameYears activeInstrumentsRelease contributions
Criss Oliva 1978–1993 (until his death) [12] [31]
  • lead and rhythm guitar
  • backing vocals
  • bass (1991)
Steve "Doc" Wacholz
  • 1977
  • 1979–1993
[33] [34] [35]
drums
Keith "Thumper" Collins1981–1985 [35]
  • bass guitar
  • backing vocals
all releases from City Beneath the Surface EP (1983) [32] to Power of the Night (1985) [36]
TESTAMENT-@-Luppolo-In-Rock-2022-Cremona-17-07-2022-08 (52555271030).jpg
Alex Skolnick 1994 [37] lead guitar

Touring musicians

ImageNameYears activeInstrumentsRelease contributions
John Zahner1991–1992 [38]
  • keyboards
  • rhythm guitar
  • backing vocals
Zahner joined Savatage as touring keyboardist and guitarist following Chris Caffery's departure. [3] [39]
Wes Styles.jpg
Wes Garren 1993Garren took over from Zahner as sole keyboardist and appeared on several live videos. [40]
Andy JamesdrumsJames replaced Wacholz who decided not to tour.
Result 1595520228088(1).jpg
Damond Jiniya 2001–2002lead vocalsJiniya and Frost joined as touring replacements for Stevens and Pitrelli. [5] Frost was fired to make way for the returning Pitrelli. [6]
Jack Frost lead and rhythm guitar
Annihilator Rockharz 2016 13.jpg
Jeff Waters 2002Waters performed as co-lead guitarist on Savatage's 2002 Summer tour in place of Pitrelli who was unavailable. [41] [7] [42]
Dirkschneider @ Rock Hard Festival 2017 182.jpg
Bill Hudson 2015Hudson and Kuprij performed with the band at Wacken Open Air in 2015. [43] [44] Kuprij will also appear on the bands upcoming album Curtain Call (TBC) [8]
Vitalij Kuprij 2015 (died 2024) [45] keyboards

Session and guest musicians

ImageNameYears activeInstrumentsRelease contributions
Larry Dvoskin- Singing in the studio.jpg
Larry Dvoskin 1986keyboards Fight for the Rock (1986) [46]
Brent Danielsbacking vocals
Paul O'Neill (PK) - Wacken Open Air 2015 01.jpg
Paul O'Neill
  • 1987–2002
  • 2014–2017 (his death)
  • producer
  • lyricist
  • co-composer
  • guitar
  • keyboards
all releases from Hall of the Mountain King (1987) [47] to Poets and Madmen (2001) [21] [48] [15] [49] [29] [23] [24] [25]
Ray Gillen 1987 (died 1993)backing vocals
RobKinkelVilla.png
Robert Kinkel
  • 1987–1991
  • 1995–2001
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals
  • engineering
John Dittmar1989background shouts and laughs Gutter Ballet (1989) [21]
Stephen Daggett
Jerry Van Deilen
Dan Campbell
Abi Reid1991female background vocals Streets: A Rock Opera (1991) [48]
Mary Wooten1995cello Dead Winter Dead (1995) [23]
John West 1.png
John West 1999–2001backing vocals Poets and Madmen (2001) [25]
Jane Mangini2023–2024keyboardsCurtain Call (TBC) [8]

Avatar (pre-Savatage) members

ImageNameYears activeInstrumentsRelease contributions
Joe Conn [34] 1978-1979drumsnone
Tony Ciulla [34] bass
Brian Belenon [50] 1979
Pat Dubs [50] [35] 1980 (died 2002)rhythm guitar
Rich Bigano [35] 1980
Andy Gmelin [35] bass
Fritz
Bob Boyer [50] vocals

Timeline

List of Savatage band members

Line-ups

PeriodMembersStudio releases

1978–1979

1980–1981

  • Jon Oliva lead vocals, bass
  • Criss Oliva guitars, backing vocals
  • Steve "Doc" Wacholz drums

1981–1985

  • Jon Oliva lead vocals, keyboards
  • Criss Oliva guitars, backing vocals
  • Steve "Doc" Wacholz drums
  • Keith "Thumper" Collins bass, backing vocals

1986–1987

  • Jon Oliva lead vocals, keyboards
  • Criss Oliva guitars, backing vocals
  • Steve "Doc" Wacholz drums
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals

1987–1990

  • Jon Oliva lead vocals, keyboards
  • Criss Oliva lead guitar, backing vocals
  • Steve "Doc" Wacholz drums
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Chris Caffery rhythm guitar, keyboards, backing vocals (touring 1987–1988)

1990–1992

  • Jon Oliva lead vocals, keyboards
  • Criss Oliva guitars, backing vocals
  • Steve "Doc" Wacholz drums
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • John Zahner keyboards, rhythm guitar, backing vocals (touring)

1992–1993

  • Criss Oliva guitars, backing vocals
  • Steve "Doc" Wacholz drums
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Zachary Stevens lead vocals

1993

  • Criss Oliva guitars, backing vocals
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Zachary Stevens lead vocals
  • Andy James drums
  • Wes Garren keyboards, rhythm guitar, backing vocals (touring)

1994–1995

  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals (live only)
  • Zachary Stevens lead vocals
  • Jon Oliva keyboards, rhythm guitar, vocals
  • Alex Skolnick lead guitar
  • Jeff Plate drums

1995–2000

  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Zachary Stevens lead vocals
  • Jon Oliva keyboards, vocals
  • Jeff Plate drums
  • Al Pitrelli guitar, backing vocals
  • Chris Caffery guitar, backing vocals

2000–2001

  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Jon Oliva lead vocals, keyboards, rhythm guitar
  • Jeff Plate drums
  • Chris Caffery lead guitar, backing vocals

2001–2002

  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Jon Oliva vocals, keyboards
  • Jeff Plate drums
  • Chris Caffery guitars, backing vocals
  • Damond Jiniya lead vocals
  • Jack Frost guitars
2002
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Jon Oliva vocals, keyboards
  • Jeff Plate drums
  • Chris Caffery guitars, backing vocals
  • Damond Jiniya lead vocals
  • Al Pitrelli guitars, backing vocals
  • Jeff Waters guitars, backing vocals (substitute for Pitreli July to August)
Band inactive 2002–2014

2014–2015

  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Jon Oliva keyboards, vocals
  • Jeff Plate drums
  • Chris Caffery guitars, backing vocals
  • Al Pitrelli guitars, backing vocals
  • Zachary Stevens lead vocals
  • Bill Hudson – guitars (touring)
  • Vitalij Kuprij – keyboards (touring)
none
On hiatus 2015–2023
2023–present
  • Johnny Lee Middleton bass, backing vocals
  • Jon Oliva keyboards, vocals (not touring)
  • Jeff Plate drums
  • Chris Caffery guitars, backing vocals
  • Al Pitrelli guitars, backing vocals
  • Zachary Stevens lead vocals
  • Curtain Call (TBC)

Related Research Articles

<i>Hall of the Mountain King</i> (album) 1987 studio album by Savatage

Hall of the Mountain King is the fourth studio album by the American heavy metal band Savatage, released in 1987 under the direction of producer Paul O'Neill. It is their first album produced by O'Neill, who was assigned to the band after the tour in support of Fight for the Rock. O'Neill's influence pushed Savatage to adopt a conceptual progressive metal style beginning with this album.

<i>Streets: A Rock Opera</i> 1991 studio album by Savatage

Streets: A Rock Opera is the sixth studio album by the American heavy metal band Savatage and is a rock opera dealing with the rise and fall of the fictional musician DT Jesus. It was originally released in October 1991 on Atlantic Records. The album took almost a year to record, with pre-production beginning in October 1990. It was also Jon Oliva's last album as lead vocalist until 1995's Dead Winter Dead and 1997's The Wake of Magellan, where he shared lead vocal duties with Zak Stevens. He resumed lead vocal duties exclusively on 2001's Poets and Madmen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Savatage</span> American heavy metal band

Savatage is an American heavy metal band founded by brothers Jon and Criss Oliva in 1979 in Tarpon Springs, Florida. The band was first called Avatar, but, shortly before the release of their debut album Sirens (1983), they changed their name to Savatage, as Avatar was already taken by at least one other band. Savatage is considered to be an integral part of the American heavy metal movement of the early-to-mid-1980s and has been cited as a key influence on numerous subgenres of metal.

<i>Power of the Night</i> 1985 studio album by Savatage

Power of the Night is the second studio album by the American heavy metal band Savatage, released in 1985. This record was produced by Max Norman, who later went on to produce Megadeth's 1992 hit album Countdown to Extinction.

<i>Poets and Madmen</i> 2001 studio album by Savatage

Poets and Madmen is the 11th studio album by American heavy metal band Savatage, released in 2001. It was their last album before their 12-year hiatus, which lasted from 2002 to 2014. The album has a loose concept inspired by the career and death of journalist Kevin Carter, but has much less narrative in the lyrics than the previous two rock operas penned by Paul O'Neill. Everything said in the album is fiction, except with regards to what is sung about Carter. The album is also noted as it is the only Savatage album to not feature a title song from the album, although the title was taken from lyrics to the track "Symmetry" from the band's 1994 album, Handful of Rain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al Pitrelli</span> American guitarist

Al Pitrelli is an American guitarist, best known for his work with the Trans-Siberian Orchestra, Megadeth, Alice Cooper and Savatage. He has performed with various acts as a band member, session musician and touring member, including Michael Bolton, Celine Dion, Asia, Dee Snider, Kathy Troccoli, Taylor Dayne, Blue Öyster Cult, Exposé and Joe Lynn Turner.

<i>Handful of Rain</i> 1994 studio album by Savatage

Handful of Rain is the eighth studio album by American heavy metal band Savatage, released in 1994. This is the first album since the death of the band's founding member and lead guitarist Criss Oliva. who had contributed to writing on its songs "Taunting Cobras" and "Nothing's Going On" before his death.

<i>Gutter Ballet</i> 1989 studio album by Savatage

Gutter Ballet is the fifth full-length album produced by the American progressive metal band Savatage. This was the second album created under the direction of producer Paul O'Neill and was initially released in December 1, 1989.

<i>Ghost in the Ruins – A Tribute to Criss Oliva</i> 1995 live album by Savatage

Ghost in the Ruins – A Tribute to Criss Oliva is a live album by the American heavy metal band Savatage, recorded between 1987 and 1990. Many of the tracks on this album have since been added to the re-releases of other albums in the Savatage discography by the German label SPV in 2002. The Japanese version of the album, titled Final Bell – Tribute to Christopher Michael Oliva and released by Zero Corporation in 1997, shows the track "Criss Intro" as "Criss Oliva Guitar Solo" on the track listing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jeff Plate</span> American drummer

Jeff Plate is an American heavy metal drummer who has been a member of Savatage since 1994. He is also a member of Trans-Siberian Orchestra and a former member of Metal Church from 2006 to their break up in 2009 and again from their reunion in 2012 to 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jon Oliva</span> American heavy metal singer (born 1960)

John Nicholas "Jon" Oliva is an American singer and musician. He is best known as the co-founder, keyboardist and lead vocalist of the heavy metal band Savatage, which he co-founded with his younger brother Criss Oliva. Since 1996 he has also been a songwriter, musician and vocalist in Trans-Siberian Orchestra. Producer Paul O'Neill referred to Oliva in numerous interviews as the single greatest vocalist/musician he has ever worked with.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Criss Oliva</span> American guitarist (1963–1993)

Christopher Michael Oliva was an American musician who was the lead guitarist and co-founder of the heavy metal band Savatage. During his lifetime, he released seven studio albums and one EP with the band.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zachary Stevens</span> American singer

Zachary Trussell, known professionally as Zachary "Zak" Stevens, is an American singer, best known as the second lead vocalist of the heavy metal band Savatage. He currently performs with the heavy metal bands Circle II Circle and Archon Angel. Stevens has a degree in psychology, but is not a practicing psychologist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Circle II Circle</span> American metal band

Circle II Circle is an American heavy metal band from Tampa, Florida. The band was formed by former Savatage lead vocalist Zachary Stevens and longtime friend and band manager Dan Campbell in 2001. They play varied genres of metal including traditional heavy metal, power metal and progressive metal.

<i>The Christmas Attic</i> 1998 studio album by Trans-Siberian Orchestra

The Christmas Attic is the second studio album by the American rock band Trans-Siberian Orchestra, released in 1998. The cover art is by Edgar Jerins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jon Oliva's Pain</span> American heavy metal band

Jon Oliva's Pain was a musical project of Savatage co-founder Jon Oliva.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chris Caffery</span> American guitarist

Christopher Caffery is an American heavy metal guitarist, best known for his work as a member of Savatage and the Trans-Siberian Orchestra. Caffery has been releasing solo records singing and playing guitar for almost 20 years, releasing nine albums and many singles since 2004.

<i>Tage Mahal</i> 2004 studio album by Jon Olivas Pain

'Tage Mahal is a 2004 release by Jon Oliva's Pain. It was the first non-Savatage related release by Jon Oliva since 1994's Doctor Butcher.

<i>Night Castle</i> 2009 studio album by Trans-Siberian Orchestra

Night Castle is the fifth studio album by the Trans-Siberian Orchestra. It was released on October 28, 2009 as a double CD with a 60-page booklet illustrated by Greg Hildebrandt, and debuted at No. 5 on the Billboard charts and No. 1 on the rock music charts. It was certified gold in eight weeks and is currently a platinum album.

Steve Wacholz is an American heavy metal drummer. He is best known as the drummer of Savatage from 1977, 1979–1994. His hard-hitting playing style earned him the nickname "Doctor Hardware Killdrums" by his bandmates, as he was known for using a large three kick drumset and extra large 3S drumsticks.

References

  1. Colin Larkin, ed. (1999). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Heavy Rock (First ed.). Virgin Books. p. 39. ISBN   0-7535-0257-7.
  2. "The Official Savatage Homepage". Savatage.com. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
  3. 1 2 "Keyboardist JOHN 'SPOCK' ZAHNER Pays Tribute To MIDNIGHT". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. 2009-07-17. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  4. "TESTAMENT's ALEX SKOLNICK Reflects On SAVATAGE's CRISS OLIVA Tribute: 'I Chose Not To Think About The Gravity Of The Moment'". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. 2024-09-24. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
  5. 1 2 Wolfson, Perrin (October 14, 2001). "SAVATAGE - Poets, Madmen, and More!". bravewords.com. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  6. 1 2 "Former MEGADETH Guitarist Rejoins SAVATAGE". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. 2002-04-06. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  7. 1 2 "AL PITRELLI Skips SAVATAGE Tour, ANNNIHILATOR's JEFF WATERS Jumps In". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. 2002-06-24. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  8. 1 2 3 "JON OLIVA Reveals New SAVATAGE Album Working Title, Lineup And More - "This Will Probably Be The Last Record We Ever Make, Ever"; Video". bravewords.com. April 20, 2023. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
  9. "SAVATAGE To Perform At 2025 Edition Of Brazil's MONSTERS OF ROCK Festival". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. 2024-10-25. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  10. Blabbermouth (2024-10-29). "SAVATAGE's JON OLIVA Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis And Ménière's Disease". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  11. "Paul O'Neill". April 5, 2017. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
  12. 1 2 Colin Larkin, ed. (1999). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Heavy Rock (First ed.). Virgin Books. p. 39. ISBN   0-7535-0257-7.
  13. "Savatage - The Farewell Show - Live In Tampa, Florida 1992 - Bootleg - RevelationZ". www.revelationz.net. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 "Official Myspace Page Of SAVATAGE Relaunched in October 2008". myspace.com. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 Edge of Thorns (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 1993. 7567-82488-2.
  16. "SAVATAGE – The Marquee, London, England (January 7th, 1986) | Live Reviews @ Metal Forces Magazine" . Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  17. "Chris Caffery - Faces - Reviews - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives". www.metal-archives.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  18. Jon, Oliva (2011). Streets: A Rock Opera (CD Booklet). Hamburg, Germany: Edel AG. 0204062ERE.
  19. BraveWords. "SAVATAGE's Gutter Ballet Album Turns 30, Guitarist CHRIS CAFFERY Looks Back - "It Was A Very Special Time In My Life"". bravewords.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  20. "Chris Caffery - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives". www.metal-archives.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 Savatage (1989). Gutter Ballet (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 782 008-2.
  22. 1 2 Savatage (1995). Final Bell - Tribute To Christopher Michael Oliva (liner notes). Zero Corporation. XRCN-1257.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Savatage (1995). Dead Winter Dead (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 82850-2.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 Savatage (1997). The Wake of Magellan (liner notes). Concrete. 0089831CTR.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Savatage (2001). Poets and Madmen (liner notes). Steamhammer. SPV 088-72150 CD.
  26. "Zak Stevens - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives". www.metal-archives.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  27. "Zachary". Metal Storm. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  28. MetalTalk (2021-03-19). "MTTV: Jeff Plate / "It was such a thrill to join Savatage" | MetalTalk - Heavy Metal News, Reviews and Interviews". MetalTalk - Heavy Metal News, Reviews and Interviews | We are MetalTalk and we publish Rock 'n Roll. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  29. 1 2 3 4 Savatage (2000). Japan Live '94 (liner notes). Nuclear Blast America. NBA6720-2.
  30. "Al Pitrelli - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives". www.metal-archives.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  31. Clay Marshall (2018-11-28). "Still the orchestra plays: remembering Savatage's Criss Oliva". MusicRadar. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  32. 1 2 3 Avatar (1983). City Beneath The Surface (liner notes). Regal Zonophone. PAR 1002.
  33. "Jon Oliva biography". JonOliva.net. Retrieved March 17, 2007.
  34. 1 2 3 "Metal forces #2 (1983 1984) by Francisco Javier - Issuu". issuu.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 "Avatar (USA) - Timeline". Metal Storm. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  36. 1 2 3 4 Savatage (1985). Power of the Night (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 781 247-1.
  37. BraveWords. "TESTAMENT Guitarist ALEX SKOLNICK Looks Back On Getting Lessons From JOE SATRIANI, Working With SAVATAGE, And Joining The TRANS-SIBERIAN ORCHESTRA (Video)". bravewords.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  38. "John Zahner - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives". www.metal-archives.com. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  39. "SAVATAGE - Rare Mint Condition Streets Era Poster Featuring JON OLIVA'S PAIN Keyboardist JOHN ZAHNER Up For Auction". bravewords.com. December 9, 2007. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  40. "Savatage - Follow Me (Live , Philadelphia 1993)". YouTube . May 26, 2017. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
  41. Petras, Nikola. "Interview: Jeff Waters (ANNIHILATOR)". RockLiveBg.com (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  42. "SAVATAGE - Live Footage From 2002 Featuring Vocalist DAMOND JINIYA And ANNIHILATOR Guitarist JEFF WATERS Online". bravewords.com. October 4, 2006. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  43. "TRANS-SIBERIAN ORCHESTRA Guitarist BILL HUDSON Talks Performing With SAVATAGE At Wacken Open Air - "That Was Just Ridiculous And Surreal"". bravewords.com. October 16, 2016. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  44. Roth, Dan (June 20, 2016). "A Conversation with Vitalij Kuprij" . Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  45. "SAVATAGE / TRANS-SIBERIAN ORCHESTRA Vocalist ZAK STEVENS Pays Tribute To Keyboardist VITALIJ KUPRIJ - "There Is No Such Thing As 'Replacing' A Spirit Like Him"". bravewords.com. February 22, 2024. Retrieved 2024-02-26.
  46. 1 2 Savatage (1986). Fight for the Rock (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 7 81634-4.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 Savatage (1987). Hall of the Mountain King (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 7 81775-4.
  48. 1 2 3 4 Savatage (1991). Streets: A Rock Opera (liner notes). Atlantic Records. 7567-82320-2.
  49. "Savatage FAQ, Section 3 - The Albums, Part 2". Savatage.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
  50. 1 2 3 "Savatage: os primórdios contados através da banda Avatar". whiplash.net (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-02-20.
  51. Savatage (1983). Sirens (liner notes). Par Records. PAR 1050.
  52. Savatage (1985). The Dungeons Are Calling (liner notes). Music For Nations. MFN 42.