This is a list of colonial and pre-Federal U.S. historical population, as estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau based upon historical records and scholarship. [1] The counts are for total population, including persons who were enslaved, but generally excluding Native Americans. According to the Census Bureau, these figures likely undercount enslaved people. [2] Shaded blocks indicate periods before the colony was established or chartered, as well as times when it was part of another colony.
| Name | Date Established | 1610 | 1620 | 1630 | 1640 | 1650 | 1660 | 1670 | 1680 | 1690 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut | 1636 | — | — | — | 1,472 | 4,139 | 7,980 | 12,603 | 17,246 | 21,645 |
| Delaware | 1664 | — | — | — | — | 185 | 540 | 700 | 1,005 | 1,482 |
| Georgia | 1732 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kentucky | 1792 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Maine [lower-alpha 1] | 1662 | — | — | 400 | 900 | 1,000 | — | — | — | — |
| Maryland [lower-alpha 2] | 1632 | — | — | — | 583 | 4,504 | 8,426 | 13,226 | 17,904 | 24,024 |
| Massachusetts [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 3] [lower-alpha 4] | 1691 | — | — | 506 | 8,932 | 14,037 | 20,082 | 30,000 | 39,752 | 49,504 |
| New Hampshire [lower-alpha 4] | 1629 | — | — | 500 | 1,055 | 1,305 | 1,555 | 1,805 | 2,047 | 4,164 |
| New Jersey | 1664 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,000 | 3,400 | 8,000 |
| New York | 1664 | — | — | 350 | 1,930 | 4,116 | 4,936 | 5,754 | 9,830 | 13,909 |
| North Carolina [lower-alpha 5] | 1629 | — | — | — | — | — | 1,000 | 3,850 | 5,430 | 7,600 |
| Pennsylvania | 1681 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 680 | 11,450 |
| Plymouth [lower-alpha 3] | 1620 | — | 102 | 390 | 1,020 | 1,566 | 1,980 | 5,333 | 6,400 | 7,424 |
| Rhode Island | 1663 | — | — | — | 300 | 785 | 1,539 | 2,155 | 3,017 | 4,224 |
| South Carolina [lower-alpha 5] | 1629 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 200 | 1,200 | 3,900 |
| Tennessee | 1790 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Vermont | 1777 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Virginia [lower-alpha 6] | 1606 | 350 | 2,200 | 2,500 | 10,442 | 18,731 | 27,020 | 35,309 | 43,596 | 53,046 |
| Total | 350 | 2,302 | 4,246 | 25,734 | 49,368 | 75,058 | 111,935 | 151,507 | 210,372 | |
| Name | 1700 | 1710 | 1720 | 1730 | 1740 | 1750 | 1760 | 1770 | 1780 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut | 25,970 | 39,450 | 58,830 | 75,530 | 89,580 | 111,280 | 142,470 | 183,881 | 206,701 |
| Delaware | 2,470 | 3,645 | 5,385 | 9,170 | 19,870 | 28,704 | 33,250 | 35,496 | 45,385 |
| Georgia | — | — | — | — | 2,021 | 5,200 | 9,578 | 23,375 | 56,071 |
| Kentucky | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15,700 | 45,000 |
| Maine [lower-alpha 1] | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20,000 | 31,257 | 49,133 |
| Maryland [lower-alpha 2] | 29,604 | 42,741 | 66,133 | 91,113 | 116,093 | 141,073 | 162,267 | 202,599 | 245,474 |
| Massachusetts [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 3] [lower-alpha 4] | 55,941 | 62,390 | 91,008 | 114,116 | 151,613 | 188,000 | 202,600 | 235,308 | 268,627 |
| New Hampshire [lower-alpha 4] | 4,658 | 5,681 | 9,375 | 10,755 | 23,256 | 27,505 | 39,093 | 62,396 | 87,802 |
| New Jersey | 14,010 | 19,872 | 29,818 | 37,510 | 51,373 | 71,393 | 93,813 | 117,431 | 139,627 |
| New York | 19,107 | 21,625 | 36,919 | 48,594 | 63,665 | 76,696 | 117,138 | 162,920 | 210,541 |
| North Carolina [lower-alpha 5] | 10,720 | 15,120 | 21,270 | 30,000 | 51,760 | 72,984 | 110,442 | 197,200 | 270,133 |
| Pennsylvania | 17,950 | 24,450 | 30,962 | 51,707 | 85,637 | 119,666 | 183,703 | 240,057 | 327,305 |
| Rhode Island | 5,894 | 7,573 | 11,680 | 16,950 | 25,255 | 33,226 | 45,471 | 58,196 | 52,946 |
| South Carolina [lower-alpha 5] | 5,704 | 10,883 | 17,048 | 30,000 | 45,000 | 64,000 | 94,074 | 124,244 | 180,000 |
| Tennessee | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,000 | 10,000 |
| Vermont | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10,000 | 47,620 |
| Virginia [lower-alpha 6] | 58,560 | 78,281 | 87,757 | 114,000 | 180,440 | 231,033 | 339,726 | 447,016 | 538,004 |
| Total | 250,588 | 331,711 | 466,185 | 629,445 | 905,563 | 1,170,760 | 1,593,625 | 2,148,076 | 2,780,369 |
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