This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 321.21 under that system. These instruments may be known as bowl lyres.
These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.
Instrument | Tradition | Hornbostel–Sachs classification | Description |
---|---|---|---|
endongo [1] | Baganda peoples of Uganda | 321.21 | Bowl lyre made of lizardskin with strings tied to a piece of wood inserted into two holes on two arms |
lyra [2] | Crete | 321.21-71 | Three-stringed fretted, pear-shaped instrument with a hollow body and a vaulted back, propped up on the knee |
lyre [3] [4] | Greece, Ancient | 321.21-5 | Stringed instrument, strummed with a plectrum, with the free hand silencing unwanted strings, traditionally made from a tortoise shell |
nyatiti [5] [6] [7] | Kenya | 321.21-5 | 3-foot-long (0.91 m) harp, plucked with both hands, made of wood and goat or antelope skin |
The island's "national" instrument, the lyra has become emblematic of the struggle that many Cretans experience in their attempt to retain a sense of a local identity.
Much of Kenya's music is derivative of other Afropop forms, most obviously Congolese, but the singing, high-pitched guitar work, use of the national instrument, the nyatiti (a seven-stringed harp), and bottle percussion give it a unique, identifiable sound.