Related Research Articles
Laogai, short for laodong gaizao (劳动改造), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and North Korea (DPRK). Láogǎi is different from láojiào, or re-education through labor, which was the abolished administrative detention system for people who were not criminals but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to "reform offenders into law-abiding citizens". Persons who were detained in the laojiao were detained in facilities that were separate from those which comprised the general prison system of the laogai. Both systems, however, were based on penal labor.
Re-education through labor, abbreviated laojiao was a system of administrative detention in Mainland China. Active from 1957 to 2013, the system was used to detain persons who were accused of minor crimes such as petty theft, prostitution, and trafficking illegal drugs, as well as political dissidents, petitioners, and Falun Gong followers. It was separate from the much larger laogai system of prison labor camps.
Yangquan No. 1 Prison is a prison in Yinying Town in Shanxi province of China. It was founded in June 1952. It is connected to Yinying Coal Mine, said to be a forced labour mine, which produces 1.38 million tonnes of high grade anthracite per year. In 1992 it housed 7000 inmates.
Pingshi Prison is a prison outside Pingshi Town, Lechang City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China connected to the Guangbei Tea Farm (广北茶场).
Foshan Prison is a prison in the Gaoming District of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. It was established as Xijiang Mengjiang Laogai Farm in 1958, and renamed Foshan Prison in 1995. Its inmates once mined ore at the adjacent Fuwan Xijiang Manganese Mine (富湾西江锰矿), whose deposits are now exhausted. They now produce rattan and wool goods.
Lianping Prison is a prison in Guangdong province, China, situated in Zhongxin town, Lianping County. It was established as Huiyang Region Liantang Laogai Farm in 1972. It is a large-scale prison where prisoners work in the nearby Lianping Prison Tea Manufacturing Plant (连平监狱制茶厂).
The Laogai Research Foundation is a human rights NGO located in Washington, D.C, United States. The foundation's mission is to "gather information on and raise public awareness of the Laogai—China's extensive system of forced-labor prison camps."
The Laogai Museum is a museum in Dupont Circle, Washington, D.C., United States, which showcases human rights in the People's Republic of China, focusing particularly on the Láogǎi, the Chinese prison system of "Reform through Labor". The creation of the museum was spearheaded by Harry Wu, a well-known Chinese dissident who himself served 19 years in laogai prisons; it was supported by the Yahoo! Human Rights Fund. It opened to the public on 12 November 2008, and Wu's non-profit research organization calls it the first museum in the United States to directly address the issue of human rights in China.
Ma'anshan Prison is a prison in Ma'anshan, Anhui, China. It was established in 1964. Formerly known as the Ma'anshan Pipe-casting Works. With funding from the City Metallurgy and Building Materials Bureau, the Magang General Company and the Prov. Ma'anshan Trust jointly managed the creation of the Magang Julong Company. In August 2006 began building a new construction that will hold 3000 inmates, 540 People's Police, and will cover an area of 400.46mu. It will be a high-security, medium-sized prison.
Beijing Office for Criminal Deportation is a prison in the municipality of Beijing, China. On average detains 2,000 prisoners each year and repatriates 8,000. Charged with the task of detaining and repatriating prisoners who commit crimes in Beijing and are sentenced to death with reprieves, life in prison, or fixed prison sentence.
Beijing Women's Prison is a prison in Daxing District, Beijing, China. It was established in 1999.
References
- ↑ "Laogai Handbook 2007-2008" (PDF) (in Chinese and English). Washington, D.C.: Laogai Research Foundation. October 2008. pp. 407–422. ISBN 978-1-931550-25-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 28, 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2017.