Anhui 安徽 | |
---|---|
Name transcription(s) | |
• Chinese | 安徽省 (Ānhuī Shěng) |
• Abbreviation | AH / 皖 (pinyin:Wǎn) |
• Jiang–Huai | Ang1 huei1 Sen3 |
![]() Map showing the location of Anhui Province | |
Coordinates: 31°50′N117°0′E / 31.833°N 117.000°E Coordinates: 31°50′N117°0′E / 31.833°N 117.000°E | |
Country | China |
Named for | 安 Ān: Anqing 徽 Huī: Huizhou |
Capital (and largest city) | Hefei |
Divisions | 16 prefectures, 105 counties, 1845 townships |
Government | |
• Type | Province |
• Body | Anhui Provincial People's Congress |
• CCP Secretary | Zheng Shanjie |
• Congress chairman | Zheng Shanjie |
• Governor | Wang Qingxian |
• CPPCC chairman | Tang Liangzhi |
Area | |
• Total | 140,200 km2 (54,100 sq mi) |
• Rank | 22nd |
Highest elevation | 1,873 m (6,145 ft) |
Population (2020) [2] | |
• Total | 61,027,171 |
• Rank | 8th |
• Density | 440/km2 (1,100/sq mi) |
• Rank | 9th |
Demographics | |
• Ethnic composition | Han – 99% Hui – 0.6% |
• Languages and dialects | Jianghuai Mandarin, Zhongyuan Mandarin, Gan, Wu, Huizhou |
ISO 3166 code | CN-AH |
GDP (2020) | CNY 3.868 trillion USD 560 billion (11th) [3] |
- per capita | CNY 63,382 USD 9,186 (15th) |
• growth | ![]() |
HDI (2019) | ![]() high · 20th |
Website | www.ah.gov.cn (in Chinese) |
Anhui | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() "Anhui" in Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 安徽 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Literal meaning | "An(qing) and Hui(zhou)" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Anhui UK: /ænˈhweɪ/ , [5] US: /ˈɑːnˈhweɪ/ [6] ( 安徽 ;formerly romanized as Anhwei) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China,part of the East China region. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze River and the Huai River,bordering Jiangsu to the east,Zhejiang to the southeast,Jiangxi to the south,Hubei to the southwest,Henan to the northwest,and Shandong for a short section in the north.
With a population of 63.65 million,Anhui is the 8th most populous province in China. [7] It is the 22nd largest Chinese province based on area,and the 12th most densely-populated region of all 34 Chinese provincial regions. Anhui's population is mostly composed of Han Chinese. Languages spoken within the province include Jianghuai Mandarin,Wu,Hui,Gan and small portion of Zhongyuan Mandarin Chinese.
The name "Anhui" derives from the names of two cities:Anqing and Huizhou (now Huangshan City). [8] The abbreviation for Anhui is "Chinese :皖; pinyin :wǎn" after the historical State of Wan,Mount Wan,and the Wan river.
The administration of Anhui is composed of the provincial administrative system,led by the Governor,Provincial Congress,the People's Political Consultative Conference,and the Provincial Higher People's Court. Anhui is known[ by whom? ] as a province with political tradition in China's government system. Aside from managing provincial government departments,the provincial government manages 16 cities,62 counties,43 county-level districts and 1,522 townships. [9]
The total GDP of Anhui Province ranked 11th among China's 31 provincial regions as of 2019 [update] . [10]
Anhui Province was established in the sixth year of the reign of the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1667);before that,there was no coherent concept of "Anhui". The province also has another name,"Wan",because,during the Spring and Autumn Period (722–481 B.C.),a small country named "Wan" was here and a mountain called "Wanshan" (aka Mount Tianzhu) is in the province.
Before Anhui was established,this land had a long history. 20,000 years ago,human beings inhabited this area,proven by some findings in Fanchang County. Archaeologists have identified the cultural domains of Yangshao and Longshan,dated to the Neolithic Age (between 4,000 and 10,000 years ago). In relation to these cultures,archeologists have discovered through excavation a 4500-year-old city called the Nanchengzi Ruins in Guzhen County,after they discovered a Neolithic city wall and a moat that was part of a much larger and integrated city in the region during their 2013 disinterment. [11]
There are many historic sites found in the province from the period of the Xia dynasty (2070 B.C.) to the Warring Kingdoms (475–221 B.C.). After the Qin dynasty unified China,this area belonged to different prefectures such as the Jiujiang,Zhang,Tang and Sishui Prefectures. Anhui became parts of Yang,Yu,and Xu prefectures during Han dynasties. In the period of the Three Kingdoms (222–280 A.D.),Anhui was separately dominated by the Wu State and Wei State. During the Jin dynasty,Northern and Southern dynasties and the Sui dynasty,Anhui was part of Yang,Xu and Yu prefectures,respectively. Later on,the Hui area flourished quickly and the economy and culture of Hui Prefecture created great influence during the Song Dynasty. During the Yuan dynasty,ruled by the Mongolian emperor,Anhui area was a part of Henan province. During the Ming dynasty,the area was directly managed by the administration of the Capital of Nanjing. Shortly after the Qing dynasty was established,this area and Jiangsu province were merged as one province until the sixth year (1666 or 1667) of the Kangxi Emperor's reign in the Qing dynasty.
Later during the Qing dynasty,Anhui played an important role in the Self-Strengthening Movement led by Li Hongzhang,an important Prime Minister during the later Qing Dynasty. At this time,many western weapons,factories and modern government concepts were introduced into China. Over the next 50 years,Anhui became one of the most aggressive areas with liberal thought. Within this environment,many ideologists appeared in Anhui. Several of them impacted the future of China including,Hu Shih,a Chinese philosopher,essayist and diplomat,and Chen Duxiu,founder of the Chinese Communist Party and the first General Secretary of the CCP.
In 1938,the north and central areas of the province were heavily damaged because Chiang Kai-shek,the then-President of the Republic of China,broke the dam of Yellow River,hoping this strategy could slow down the invasion by the Imperial Japanese Army. Within only ten days of the dam breaking,the water and sands drowned all of north and middle area of this province,500,000 to 900,000 Chinese people died,along with an unknown number of Japanese soldiers. The flood prevented the Japanese Army from taking Zhengzhou.
Following the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1945,the capital city of Anhui province moved to what was then a small town,Hefei. At the same time,the provincial government made significant investments to develop this new capital city,which has become a China Top 25 city (of 660 cities over all of China) in the 2010s. After 1949,the government also launched many Water Projects to repair damage from World War II. In addition,many other areas of China supported Anhui's development. In the later 1990s,the province has become one of the fastest growing provinces in China. In the 2010s,the province became a part of China Yangtze River Delta Economic Area which is the most developed area of China. And the capital city,Hefei,is set as the sub-central city of this Economic Area,only after Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou.
In terms of culture,Northern Anhui was firmly a part of the North China Plain together with modern-day Henan province,northern Jiangsu and southern Shandong provinces. Central Anhui was densely populated and constituted mostly of fertile land from the Huai River watershed. In contrast,the culture of Southern Anhui,bordered mostly along the Yangtze,was closer to Jiangxi and southern Jiangsu provinces. The hills of southeastern Anhui formed a unique and distinct cultural sphere of its own.
Anhui is topographically diverse. The north is part of the North China Plain while the north-central areas are part of the Huai River watershed. Both regions are flat,and densely populated. The land becomes more uneven further south,with the Dabie Mountains occupying much of southwestern Anhui and a series of hills and ranges cutting through southeastern Anhui,between which is the Yangtze River. The highest peak in Anhui is Lotus Peak,part of Huangshan in southeastern Anhui. It has an altitude of 1873 m.
Major rivers include the Huai River in the north and the Yangtze in the south. The largest lake is Lake Chaohu situated in the center of the province,with an area of about 800 km2 (310 sq mi). The southeastern part of the province near the Yangtze River has many lakes as well.
As with topography,the province differs in climate from north to south. The north is more temperate with more distinct seasons. January temperatures average at around −1 to 2 °C north of the Huai River,and 0 to 3 °C south of the Huai River;in July temperatures average 27 °C or above. Plum rains occur in June and July and may cause flooding.
Anhui has 16 cities. Economically,top 3 cities are,Hefei,Wuhu and Anqing.
The Anhui elm, UlmusgausseniiW. C. Cheng, is a medium size deciduous tree whose natural range is restricted to the valleys of the Langya limestone mountains of Chu Xian. [12] The tree was most commonly found on the flood plains, indicating a tolerance of periodic inundation. U. gaussenii is now the world's rarest and most endangered elm species, with only approximately 30 trees known to survive in the wild in 2009. [13]
The province is also home to the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis, simplified Chinese :扬子鳄; traditional Chinese : 揚子 鱷 ; pinyin :yángzǐ'è), also known as the Yangtze alligator, [14] China alligator, [15] or historically the muddy dragon, [16] a critically endangered crocodilian.
Anhui is divided into sixteen prefecture-level divisions: all prefecture-level cities:
Administrative divisions of Anhui | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Division code [17] | Division | Area in km2 [18] | Population 2010 [19] | Seat | Divisions [20] | ||
Districts | Counties | CL cities | |||||
340000 | Anhui Province | 139600.00 | 59,500,468 | Hefei city | 45 | 50 | 9 |
340100 | Hefei city | 11,445.06 | 7,457,027 | Shushan District | 4 | 4 | 1 |
340200 | Wuhu city | 6,004.97 | 3,545,067 | Jiujiang District | 5 | 1 | 1 |
340300 | Bengbu city | 5,950.72 | 3,164,467 | Bengshan District | 4 | 3 | |
340400 | Huainan city | 5532.30 | 3,342,012 | Tianjia'an District | 5 | 2 | |
340500 | Ma'anshan city | 4,049.13 | 2,202,899 | Yushan District | 3 | 3 | |
340600 | Huaibei city | 2,740.91 | 2,114,276 | Xiangshan District | 3 | 1 | |
340700 | Tongling city | 2,937.83 | 1,562,670 | Tongguan District | 3 | 1 | |
340800 | Anqing city | 13,525.03 | 4,472,667 | Yingjiang District | 3 | 5 | 2 |
341000 | Huangshan city | 9,678.39 | 1,358,980 | Tunxi District | 3 | 4 | |
341100 | Chuzhou city | 13,515.99 | 3,937,868 | Langya District | 2 | 4 | 2 |
341200 | Fuyang city | 10,118.17 | 7,599,913 | Yingzhou District | 3 | 4 | 1 |
341300 | Suzhou city | 9,938.77 | 5,352,924 | Yongqiao District | 1 | 4 | |
341500 | Lu'an city | 15,450.82 | 4,603,585 | Jin'an District | 3 | 4 | |
341600 | Bozhou city | 8,521.23 | 4,850,657 | Qiaocheng District | 1 | 3 | |
341700 | Chizhou city | 8,364.81 | 1,402,518 | Guichi District | 1 | 3 | |
341800 | Xuancheng city | 12,312.55 | 2,532,938 | Xuanzhou District | 1 | 4 | 2 |
Administrative divisions in Chinese and varieties of romanizations | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
English | Chinese | Pinyin | Jiang–Huai (Langjin Pinin) | |
Anhui Province | 安徽省 | Ānhuī Shěng | Ang1 huei1 Sen3 | |
Hefei city | 合肥市 | Héféi Shì | Ho5 fei2 Shr4 | |
Wuhu city | 芜湖市 | Wúhú Shì | U2 hu2 Shr4 | |
Bengbu city | 蚌埠市 | Bèngbù Shì | Bang4 bu4 Shr4 | |
Huainan city | 淮南市 | Huáinán Shì | Huä2 lang2 Shr4 | |
Ma'anshan city | 马鞍山市 | Mǎ'ānshān Shì | Ma3 ang1 shang1 Shr4 | |
Huaibei city | 淮北市 | Huáiběi Shì | Huä2 bä5 Shr4 | |
Tongling city | 铜陵市 | Tónglíng Shì | Tong2 lin2 Shr4 | |
Anqing city | 安庆市 | Ānqìng Shì | Ang1 qin4 Shr4 | |
Huangshan city | 黄山市 | Huángshān Shì | Huang2 shang1 Shr4 | |
Chuzhou city | 滁州市 | Chúzhōu Shì | Chu2 zhou1 Shr4 | |
Fuyang city | 阜阳市 | Fùyáng Shì | Fu4 iang2 Shr4 | |
Suzhou city | 宿州市 | Sùzhōu Shì | Su5 zhou1 Shr4 | |
Lu'an city | 六安市 | Lù'ān Shì | Lu5 ang1 Shr4 | |
Bozhou city | 亳州市 | Bózhōu Shì | Bo5 zhou1 Shr4 | |
Chizhou city | 池州市 | Chízhōu Shì | Chr2 zhou1 Shr4 | |
Xuancheng city | 宣城市 | Xuānchéng Shì | Süän1 chen2 Shr4 |
These 16 prefecture-level cities are in turn subdivided into 105 county-level divisions (44 districts, 6 county-level cities, and 55 counties). Those are in turn divided into 1,845 township-level divisions (972 towns, 634 townships, nine ethnic townships, and 230 subdistricts).
Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | City | Urban area [21] | District area [21] | City proper [21] | Census date |
1 | Hefei [lower-alpha 1] | 3,098,727 | 3,310,268 | 7,457,027 | 2010-11-01 |
2 | Huainan [lower-alpha 2] | 1,238,488 | 1,666,826 | 3,342,012 | 2010-11-01 |
3 | Wuhu [lower-alpha 1] | 1,108,087 | 2,487,111 | 2,263,123 | 2010-11-01 |
4 | Huaibei | 854,696 | 1,113,321 | 2,114,276 | 2010-11-01 |
5 | Bengbu | 793,866 | 972,784 | 3,164,467 | 2010-11-01 |
6 | Fuyang | 780,522 | 1,768,947 | 7,599,913 | 2010-11-01 |
7 | Suzhou | 742,685 | 1,647,642 | 5,352,924 | 2010-11-01 |
8 | Lu'an [lower-alpha 3] [lower-alpha 2] | 661,217 | 1,644,344 | 4,603,585 | 2010-11-01 |
(8) | Lu'an (new district) [lower-alpha 3] | 134,239 | 134,239 | see Lu'an | 2010-11-01 |
9 | Ma'anshan [lower-alpha 4] [lower-alpha 1] | 657,847 | 741,531 | 2,304,774 | 2010-11-01 |
(9) | Ma'anshan (new district) [lower-alpha 4] | 169,888 | 169,888 | see Ma'anshan | 2010-11-01 |
10 | Anqing [lower-alpha 5] | 570,538 | 780,514 | 4,472,667 | 2010-11-01 |
11 | Bozhou | 474,318 | 1,409,436 | 4,850,657 | 2010-11-01 |
12 | Tongling [lower-alpha 5] | 438,981 | 474,363 | 1,562,670 | 2010-11-01 |
(13) | Chaohu [lower-alpha 1] | 404,789 | 780,711 | see Hefei | 2010-11-01 |
14 | Chuzhou | 392,461 | 562,321 | 3,937,868 | 2010-11-01 |
15 | Tianchang | 324,625 | 602,840 | see Chuzhou | 2010-11-01 |
16 | Xuancheng | 315,058 | 772,490 | 2,532,938 | 2010-11-01 |
17 | Chizhou | 289,122 | 595,268 | 1,402,518 | 2010-11-01 |
18 | Huangshan | 287,576 | 460,786 | 1,358,980 | 2010-11-01 |
19 | Tongcheng | 269,346 | 664,455 | see Anqing | 2010-11-01 |
20 | Ningguo | 231,090 | 376,857 | see Xuancheng | 2010-11-01 |
21 | Jieshou | 214,776 | 561,956 | see Fuyang | 2010-11-01 |
22 | Mingguang | 204,323 | 532,732 | see Chuzhou | 2010-11-01 |
(23) | Qianshan [lower-alpha 6] | 165,779 | 500,292 | see Anqing | 2010-11-01 |
Most populous cities in Anhui Source: China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018 Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population [22] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Pop. | Rank | Pop. | ||||||
![]() Hefei ![]() Wuhu | 1 | Hefei | 4,292,400 | 11 | Tongling | 535,300 | ![]() Huainan ![]() Bengbu | ||
2 | Wuhu | 1,536,700 | 12 | Chuzhou | 507,600 | ||||
3 | Huainan | 1,178,200 | 13 | Huangshan | 406,100 | ||||
4 | Bengbu | 961,100 | 14 | Bozhou | 365,000 | ||||
5 | Fuyang | 907,400 | 15 | Xuancheng | 357,700 | ||||
6 | Huaibei | 762,500 | 16 | Chaohu | 357,000 | ||||
7 | Ma'anshan | 752,500 | 17 | Chizhou | 310,100 | ||||
8 | Anqing | 631,500 | 18 | Tianchang | 196,600 | ||||
9 | Lu'an | 607,500 | 19 | Jieshou | 188,600 | ||||
10 | Suzhou | 578,600 | 20 | Mingguang | 186,000 |
The Politics of Anhui Province is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.
The Governor of Anhui (安徽省省长) is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Anhui. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Anhui Chinese Communist Party Provincial Committee Secretary (安徽省委书记), colloquially termed the "Anhui Party Chief".
Most provincial government departments and the Governor office are located at No.1 Zhongshan Road, moved from old downtown of Hefei since 2016. Provincial government is responsible to manage 16 prefecture-level cities, 105 counties, 1845 townships and different departments in Anhui. The National People's Congress (NPC) is just located near provincial government. The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (C.P.P.C.C.) is located at No.317, Suzhou Road. The Provincial Higher People's Court is located at no. 472 Changjiang Rd.
Typically, annual provincial congress meeting is held in the first quarter of each year shortly before national congress meeting and the annual meeting of C.P.P.C.C. is held in the first quarter or the fourth quarter of each year.
Agriculture in Anhui varies according to the climate zones. To the north of the Huai River, wheat and sweet potatoes are grown, while to the south it is rice and wheat instead.
Natural resources of Anhui include iron in Ma'anshan, coal in Huainan, and copper in Tongling. There are industries related to these natural resources (e.g. steel industry at Ma'anshan). One of the famous Anhui-based corporations is the automobile company Chery, which is based in Wuhu.
Compared to its more prosperous neighbours to the east, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, Anhui has lagged markedly behind in economic development, with a GDP per capita around half of those two provinces in 2017 rapidly improved from 1/3 of those two provinces in 2010. However, the provincial GDP per capita is based on the population registered in the province (that is, with local Hukou), but not necessarily residing there. There is significant regional disparity, where much of the wealth is concentrated in industrial regions close to the Yangtze River, such as Hefei, Wuhu, and Ma'anshan.
Anhui's nominal GDP for 2016 was approximately 2.4 trillion yuan (US$365.8 billion) in the year of 2016. It is considered as a mid-size economy in terms of economic output. The province is home to a large cluster of white goods manufacture such as Haier, Hisense, Whirlpool, Gree, Royalstar, and Meling.
Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone is located in the southwest of Hefei and was established in 1993. It is located close to Hefei Luogang International Airport. [23]
Hefei Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was founded in October 1990 and approved by the State Council as a state-level Development Zone in March 1991. In 1997, the Development Zone was ratified as an APEC Science and Technology Industrial Park, with special open policies to APEC and EU members. Hefei High Tech Park was also approved as a National High Tech Export Base in 2000 and obtained the award of an Advanced High Tech Zone under the Torch Program in 2003. So far, more than 100 hi-tech enterprises have entered the zone. Industries encouraged in the zone include chemical production and processing, electronics assembly & manufacturing, instruments & industrial equipment, medical Equipment and telecommunications. [24]
Established in 1993, Wuhu Economic and Technological Development Zone was the first state-level development zone approved by central government in Anhui, utilising the transportation advantage of the Yangtse Delta at Wuhu. [25]
Wuhu Export Processing Zone was approved to be a national level export processing zone, with a total planned area of 2.95 km2 (1.14 sq mi). [26]
Historically, Anhui's transport network was hampered by the lack of bridges across the Yangtze River, which divides the province into northern and southern regions. The first bridge across the Yangtze in Anhui, the Tongling Yangtze River Bridge, was completed in 1995. As of October 2014, Anhui had four bridges across the Yangtze, at Ma'anshan, Wuhu, Tongling, and Anqing.
Anhui lacked a developed railway network until this century: most cities are now connected by a high-speed train system. Hefei South railway station is the high-speed train hub.
The province set an ambitious plan from 2015 to 2025 for highways including:
G42 Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway
S24 Changshu-Hefei Expressway
Hefei and Wuhu have subway systems. The Hefei Metro has 2 completed lines, 3 lines under construction and another 10 lines planned. The Wuhu Metro has 2 subway lines under construction and another 3 lines planned.
The province has 5 major commercial airports and another 4 are under construction. Hefei Xinqiao International Airport and Huangshan International Airport are the 2 international airports. The 5 airports in operation are:
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1912 [27] | 16,229,000 | — |
1928 [28] | 21,715,000 | +33.8% |
1936–37 [29] | 23,354,000 | +7.5% |
1947 [30] | 22,462,000 | −3.8% |
1954 [31] | 30,343,637 | +35.1% |
1964 [32] | 31,241,657 | +3.0% |
1982 [33] | 49,665,724 | +59.0% |
1990 [34] | 56,180,813 | +13.1% |
2000 [35] | 58,999,948 | +5.0% |
2010 [36] | 59,500,510 | +0.8% |
Han Chinese make up the vast majority of the population. The Hui and She are the two largest minorities.
Anhui has a highly unbalanced gender ratio. According to a 2009 study published in the British Medical Journal , in the 1–4 age group, there are 138 boys for every 100 girls, making it among the most unbalanced of provinces in China. [37]
The predominant religions in Anhui are Chinese folk religions, Taoist traditions and Chinese Buddhism. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 4.64% of the population believes and is involved in ancestor veneration, while 5.30% of the population identifies as Christian. [38] According to a 2010 survey, Muslims constitute 0.58% of the population of Anhui. [39]
The reports didn't give figures for other types of religion; 89.48% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in worship of nature deities, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism and folk religious sects.
Anhui spans many geographical and cultural regions. The northern, flatter parts of the province, along the Huai River and further north, are most akin to neighboring provinces like Henan, Shandong and northern Jiangsu. In contrast, the southern, hilly parts of the province are more similar in culture and dialect to other southern, hilly provinces, like Zhejiang and Jiangxi.
Mandarin dialects are spoken over the northern and central parts of the province, north of the Yangtze river. Dialects to the north (e.g. Bengbu dialect) are classified as Zhongyuan Mandarin, together with dialects in provinces such as Henan and Shandong; dialects in the central parts (e.g. Hefei dialect) are classified as Jianghuai Mandarin, together with dialects in the central parts of neighboring Jiangsu province. Non-Mandarin dialects are spoken to the south of the Yangzi: dialects of Wu are spoken in Xuancheng prefecture-level city, though these are rapidly being replaced by Jianghuai Mandarin; dialects of Gan are spoken in a few counties in the southwest bordering Jiangxi province; [40] and the Huizhou dialects are spoken in about ten counties in the far south, a small but highly diverse and unique group of Chinese dialects.
Huangmeixi, which originated in the environs of Anqing in southwestern Anhui, is a form of traditional Chinese opera popular across China. Huiju, a form of traditional opera originating in the Huizhou-speaking areas of southern Anhui, is one of the major precursors of Beijing Opera; in the 1950s, Huiju (which had disappeared) was revived. Luju is a type of traditional opera found across central Anhui, from east to west.
Anhui cuisine is one of the eight great traditions of Chinese cuisine. Combining elements of cooking from northern Anhui, south-central Anhui, and the Huizhou-speaking areas of southern Anhui, Anhui cuisine is known for its use of wild game and herbs, both land and sea, and comparatively simple methods of preparation.
Anhui has a high concentration of traditional products related to calligraphy: Xuanzhou (today Xuancheng) and Huizhou (today Huangshan City) are revered for producing Xuan Paper and Hui Ink, respectively, which are traditionally considered the best types of paper and ink for Chinese calligraphy. She County is famous for the She Inkstone, one of the most preferred types of inkstones (a required tool in traditional calligraphy). [ citation needed ]
Anhui has some good universities. Most universities in Anhui are located in Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Maanshan, some of them are pretty well known. Specifically, Hefei is one of the most important research central cities in China with leading basic scientific research capability.
Anhui's principal tourism sites include the following:
In 2008, France helped the Anhui Provincial Tourism Bureau develop a rural tourism demonstration project. [41]
Hebei or, is a northern province of China. Hebei is China's sixth most populous province, with over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. The province is 96% Han Chinese, 3% Manchu, 0.8% Hui, and 0.3% Mongol. Three Mandarin dialects are spoken: Jilu Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin and Jin.
Hubei is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The provincial capital, Wuhan, serves as a major transportation hub and the political, cultural, and economic hub of central China.
Hefei is the capital and largest city of Anhui Province, People's Republic of China. A prefecture-level city, it is the political, economic, and cultural center of Anhui. Its population was 9,369,881 as of the 2020 census and its built-up area made up of four urban districts plus Feidong, Feixi and Changfeng counties being urbanized, was home to 7,754,481 inhabitants. Located in the central portion of the province, it borders Huainan to the north, Chuzhou to the northeast, Wuhu to the southeast, Tongling to the south, Anqing to the southwest and Lu'an to the west. A natural hub of communications, Hefei is situated to the north of Chao Lake and stands on a low saddle crossing the northeastern extension of the Dabie Mountains, which forms the divide between the Huai and Yangtze rivers.
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Jiangsu is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its capital in Nanjing. Jiangsu is the third smallest, but the fifth most populous and the most densely populated of the 23 provinces of the People's Republic of China. Jiangsu has the highest GDP per capita of Chinese provinces and second-highest GDP of Chinese provinces, after Guangdong. Jiangsu borders Shandong in the north, Anhui to the west, and Zhejiang and Shanghai to the south. Jiangsu has a coastline of over 1,000 kilometers (620 mi) along the Yellow Sea, and the Yangtze River passes through the southern part of the province.
Jilin is one of the three provinces of Northeast China. Its capital and largest city is Changchun. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west. Along with the rest of Northeast China, Jilin underwent an early period of industrialization. However, Jilin's economy, characterized by heavy industry, has been facing economic difficulties with privatization. This prompted the central government to undertake a campaign called "Revitalize the Northeast". The region contains large deposits of oil shale.
Jiangxi is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to the northwest.
Ma'anshan, also colloquially written as Maanshan, is a prefecture-level city in the eastern part of Anhui province in Eastern China. An industrial city stretching across the Yangtze River, Ma'anshan borders Hefei to the west, Wuhu to the southwest, and Nanjing to the east. It is a satellite city of the Nanjing metropolitan area and is also a city in the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone.
East China is a geographical and a loosely defined cultural region that covers the eastern coastal area of China.
North China, or Huabei is a geographical region of China, consisting of the provinces of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia. Part of the larger region of Northern China (Beifang), it lies north of the Qinling–Huaihe Line, with its heartland in the North China Plain.
Wuhu is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Anhui province, China. Sitting on the southeast bank of the Yangtze River, Wuhu borders Xuancheng to the southeast, Chizhou and Tongling to the southwest, Hefei city to the northwest, Ma'anshan city to the northeast, Jiangsu Province to the east, and is approximately 90 km (56 mi) southwest of Nanjing. With the urbanization trend in the southern part of Nanjing, a conurbation between Nanjing, Maanshan and Wuhu is in building with more than 10,660,000 inhabitants.
Huangshan, is a prefecture-level city in southern Anhui Province, People's Republic of China. Huangshan means Yellow Mountain in Chinese and the city is named after the famously scenic Yellow Mountains which cover much of the city's vast geographic expanse. The prefectural city of Huangshan includes three urban districts and four counties. The urban center of Huangshan was originally the city of Tunxi and is now called Tunxi District. Locals still call the city Tunxi to distinguish urban core from other parts of Huangshan.
Zongyang County, is a county in southern Anhui province, located mostly on the northern (left) bank of the Yangtze River. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Tongling. It has a population of 960,000 and an area of 1,808 square kilometres (698 sq mi). The government of Zongyang County is located in Zongyang Town (枞阳镇). On 13 October 2015, Zongyang County jurisdiction was transferred from Anqing to Tongling.
Nangang District is one of nine districts of the prefecture-level city of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, forming part of the city's urban core. It is home to major offices of the provincial government and is the political heart of Heilongjiang province. Other areas of interest within the district are the Harbin Railway Station, Guomao underground shopping street, a Confucian temple and the Buddhist Jile Temple. By far the most populous and densely populated of Harbin's county-level divisions, it borders the districts of Daowai and Xiangfang to the northeast, Pingfang to the southeast, Shuangcheng to the south, and Daoli to the west. A new subway system is also being built currently.
Central China is a geographical and a loosely defined cultural region that includes the provinces of Henan, Hubei and Hunan. Jiangxi is sometimes also regarded to be part of this region. Central China is now officially part of South Central China governed by the People's Republic of China. In the context of the Rise of Central China Plan by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in 2004, surrounding provinces including Shanxi, Anhui, are also defined as regions of Central China development zones.
Gushi is a county of 1,023,857 people directly governed by Henan, People's Republic of China. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Xinyang.
Wuyuan County is a county in northeastern Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China, bordering the provinces of Zhejiang to the east and Anhui to the north. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Shangrao.
Yi'an District, formerly Tongling County, is a district of the city of Tongling, in the south of Anhui province, lying on the southern and eastern (right) bank of the Yangtze River. The total area is 1,113 km2 (430 sq mi). The population is 716,300.
Sihong County is under the administration of Suqian, Jiangsu province, China. It borders the prefecture-level cities of Huai'an to the southeast, Chuzhou (Anhui) to the south, Bengbu (Anhui) to the west, and Suzhou (Anhui) to the northwest.
The Nanjing–Anqing intercity railway is a high-speed rail, passenger-dedicated line between cities of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province and Anqing, Anhui Province, in China. Construction of the 258-kilometre (160 mi) railway began in January 2010, and the line was opened on 6 December 2015.
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