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Santa Cruz is represented in the Plurinational Legislative Assembly by four senators and their alternates elected through proportional representation. They serve five-year terms and qualify for reelection once. The current delegation is composed of two senators from Creemos and two senators from the Movement for Socialism: Centa Rek, Henry Montero, Soledad Flores, and Isidoro Quispe. Their respective alternates are: Erik Morón, Paola Fernández, William Torrez, and María Muñoz.
Even though the bicameral system was adopted in the 1831 Constitution and continued in subsequently promulgated constitutions, it can be affirmed that, with the exception of very small intervals, the Senate did not, in fact, exercise its functions until the convocation of the 1882 legislature. [1] Furthermore, due to heavy political instability and frequent military interventions since 1882, Bolivia did not experience a continuous, uninterrupted, legislative session until 1982.
Legislature | P. | Term of office | Titular Senator | Party | Alternate Senator [lower-alpha 1] | Term of office | E. | Ref. | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Took office | Left office | Sen. | Alt. | |||||||||||||||
1979–1980 [2] [lower-alpha 2] | 1° | 1 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | Pedro Maillard | MNR | [ data missing ] | 1 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | 1979 [3] | [lower-alpha 3] [4] | ||||||||||
2° | 1 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | Miguel Trigo | MNR | 1 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | [lower-alpha 3] [5] | |||||||||||||
1° | 1 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | Edil Sandóval | MNRI | 1 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | [lower-alpha 4] [6] | |||||||||||||
1982–1985 [7] [8] | 1° | 4 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | Pedro Maillard | MNR | [ data missing ] | 4 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | 1980 [9] | [4] | ||||||||||
2° | 4 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | Jorge Antelo | MNR | 4 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | [10] | |||||||||||||
1° | 4 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | Heberto Castedo | ADN | 4 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | [11] | |||||||||||||
1985–1989 [12] | 1° | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | Edil Sandóval | M-XX | [ data missing ] | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | 1985 [13] | [lower-alpha 5] [6] | ||||||||||
2° | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | Carmelo Caballero | MNR | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | [14] | 1° | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | Heberto Castedo | ADN | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | [11] | |||||
1989–1993 [15] | 1° | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | Juan Carlos Durán | MNR | [ data missing ] | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | 1989 [16] | [17] | ||||||||||
2° | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | Enrique Quintela | MNR | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | [18] | |||||||||||||
1° | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | Jorge Landívar | ADN | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | [19] | |||||||||||||
1993–1997 [20] [21] | 1° | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | Juan Carlos Durán | MNR | Julio Leigue | 6 August 1993 | 13 August 1993 | 1993 [22] | [lower-alpha 6] [17] | [lower-alpha 7] [24] | |||||||||
Vacant | 13 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | ||||||||||||||||||
2° | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | Osvaldo Monasterio | MNR | Mario Barbery | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | [lower-alpha 6] [25] | ||||||||||||
1° | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | Jorge Landívar | ADN | Zvonko Matkovic Fleig | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | [lower-alpha 8] [19] | ||||||||||||
1997–2002 [26] [27] | 1° | 6 August 1997 | 21 June 1999 | Rubén Poma | UCS | Roberto Caballero | 6 August 1997 | 21 June 1999 | 1997 [28] | [lower-alpha 9] [30] | ||||||||||
21 June 1999 | 6 August 2001 | Roberto Caballero | UCS | Vacant | 21 June 1999 | 6 August 2001 | ||||||||||||||
6 August 2001 | 2 August 2002 | Rubén Poma | UCS | Roberto Caballero | 6 August 2001 | 2 August 2002 | [30] | |||||||||||||
2° | 6 August 1997 | 2 August 2002 | Justo Yépez | UCS | Lourdes Pantoja | 6 August 1997 | 2 August 2002 | [31] | ||||||||||||
1° | 6 August 1997 | 2 August 2002 | Freddy Teodovich | MNR | Julio Leigue | 6 August 1997 | 2 August 2002 | [32] | [24] | |||||||||||
2002–2006 [33] [34] [35] | 1° | 2 August 2002 | 6 August 2002 | Guillermo Justiniano | MNR | Joaquín Monasterio | 2 August 2002 | 6 August 2002 | 2002 [36] | [lower-alpha 10] [lower-alpha 11] [38] | [39] | |||||||||
6 August 2002 | 17 October 2003 | Joaquín Monasterio | MNR | Vacant | 6 August 2002 | 17 October 2003 | [lower-alpha 10] [39] | |||||||||||||
17 October 2003 | 22 January 2006 | Guillermo Justiniano | MNR | Joaquín Monasterio | 17 October 2003 | 22 January 2006 | [lower-alpha 10] [38] | [39] | ||||||||||||
2° | 2 August 2002 | 9 August 2002 | Mario Justiniano | MNR | Helen Hayes | 2 August 2002 | 9 August 2002 | [lower-alpha 10] [lower-alpha 12] [41] | [42] | |||||||||||
9 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | Helen Hayes | MNR | Vacant | 9 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | [lower-alpha 10] [42] [43] | |||||||||||||
1° | 2 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | Hormando Vaca Díez | MIR | Oswaldo Justiniano | 2 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | [lower-alpha 13] [44] | ||||||||||||
2006–2009 [45] [46] | 1° | 22 January 2006 | 19 January 2010 | Óscar Ortiz Antelo | PDMS | María Silvia Baldomar | 22 January 2006 | 19 January 2010 | 2005 [47] | [48] | ||||||||||
2° | 22 January 2006 | 19 January 2010 | Jorge Aguilera | PDMS | Bonifacio Barrientos | 22 January 2006 | 19 January 2010 | [49] | ||||||||||||
1° | 22 January 2006 | 19 January 2010 | Guido Guardia | MAS | Carlos Cuasace | 22 January 2006 | 19 January 2010 | [50] | ||||||||||||
2010–2014 [51] [52] | 1° | 19 January 2010 | 18 January 2015 | Germán Antelo | NPC | María Elva Pinckert | 19 January 2010 | 10 July 2014 | 2009 [53] | [lower-alpha 14] [54] | [lower-alpha 15] [56] | |||||||||
Vacant | 10 July 2014 | 25 July 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fátima Doly Velarde | 25 July 2014 | 18 January 2015 | [57] | |||||||||||||||||
2° | 19 January 2010 | 18 January 2015 | Centa Rek | NPC | Victor Hugo Mayser | 19 January 2010 | 18 January 2015 | [lower-alpha 14] [58] | [59] | |||||||||||
1° | 19 January 2010 | 14 July 2014 | Gabriela Montaño | MAS | Félix Martínez | 19 January 2010 | 28 July 2014 | [lower-alpha 16] [61] | [62] | |||||||||||
14 July 2014 | 28 July 2014 | Vacant | MAS | |||||||||||||||||
28 July 2014 | 18 January 2015 | Félix Martínez | Vacant | 28 July 2014 | 18 January 2015 | [62] [63] | ||||||||||||||
2° | 19 January 2010 | 18 January 2015 | Isaac Ávalos | MAS | Amalia Sarabia | 19 January 2010 | 18 January 2015 | [64] | [65] | |||||||||||
2014–2020 [66] [67] | 1° | 18 January 2015 | 26 May 2015 | Carlos Romero | MAS | Adriana Salvatierra | 23 January 2015 | 26 May 2015 | 2014 [68] | [lower-alpha 17] [71] | [72] | |||||||||
26 May 2015 | 3 November 2020 | Adriana Salvatierra | MAS | Vacant | 26 May 2015 | 1 September 2015 | [73] [74] | |||||||||||||
Juan José Ric | 1 September 2015 | 3 November 2020 | [75] | |||||||||||||||||
2° | 18 January 2015 | 3 November 2020 | Felipa Merino | MAS | Anderson Cáceres | 23 January 2015 | 3 November 2020 | [76] | [77] | |||||||||||
1° | 18 January 2015 | 8 May 2020 | Óscar Ortiz Antelo | MDS | María Lourdes Landívar | 23 January 2015 | 8 May 2020 | [lower-alpha 18] [lower-alpha 19] [80] | [81] | |||||||||||
8 May 2020 | 1 June 2020 | Vacant | MDS | |||||||||||||||||
1 June 2020 | 3 November 2020 | María Lourdes Landívar | Vacant | 1 June 2020 | 3 November 2020 | [lower-alpha 18] [82] [83] | ||||||||||||||
2° | 18 January 2015 | 13 November 2019 | María Elva Pinckert | MDS | Carlos Pablo Klinsky | 23 January 2015 | 16 January 2020 | [lower-alpha 18] [lower-alpha 20] [86] | [87] | |||||||||||
13 November 2019 | 16 January 2020 | Vacant | MDS | |||||||||||||||||
16 January 2020 | 3 November 2020 | Carlos Pablo Klinsky | Vacant | 16 January 2020 | 3 November 2020 | [lower-alpha 18] [88] [89] | ||||||||||||||
2020–2025 [90] [91] [92] | 1° | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | Centa Rek | CRMS | Vacant | 9 November 2020 | 19 November 2020 | 2020 [93] | [94] | [95] | |||||||||
Zvonko Matkovic | 19 November 2020 | 21 January 2021 | [lower-alpha 21] [97] | |||||||||||||||||
Vacant | 21 January 2021 | 28 April 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||
Erik Morón | 28 April 2021 | Incumbent | [98] [99] | |||||||||||||||||
2° | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | Henry Montero | CRMS | Paola Fernández [lower-alpha 22] | 9 November 2020 | Incumbent | [101] | [102] | |||||||||||
1° | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | Soledad Flores | MAS | William Torrez | 9 November 2020 | Incumbent | [103] | [104] | |||||||||||
2° | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | Isidoro Quispe | MAS | María Muñoz | 9 November 2020 | Incumbent | [105] | [106] | |||||||||||
Severo Aguilar Gabriel is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from Potosí, representing circumscription 41 from 2010 to 2015. A member of the Movement for Socialism, he previously served as a member of the Constituent Assembly from Potosí, representing the same circumscription from 2006 to 2007.
Franz Gróver Choque Ulloa is a Bolivian industrial engineer, lawyer, and politician who served as vice minister of employment, civil service, and cooperatives from 2019 to 2020. A member of the Social Democratic Movement, he previously served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Oruro from 2010 to 2014 on behalf of the National Convergence alliance and as a member of the Constituent Assembly from Oruro, representing circumscription 32 from 2006 to 2007 on behalf of the Social Democratic Power alliance.
Osney Martínez Daguer is a Bolivian agronomist, politician, and rancher who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Beni from 2010 to 2015. Born to a wealthy family from San Borja with political links to the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, Martínez spent most of his career in local administration, starting as a substitute member of the city's municipal council before being twice elected to a full seat on the body.
Anghela Mejía Montecinos is a Bolivian economist and politician who served as a substitute party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies under Franz Choque from Oruro from 2010 to 2014. A youth activist in support of departmental autonomy, she fulfilled the remainder of Choque's term from 2014 to 2015. Barred from contesting local public office in the 2015 regional elections, Mejía sought to return to the Chamber of Deputies in the 2020 elections but was unsuccessful.
Carol Mireya Montaño Rocha is a Bolivian lawyer, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 11 from 2015 to 2020. A member of the Movement for Socialism, Montaño entered politics as head of the party's youth wing in El Alto, later serving as secretary of organization of the Federation of Neighborhood Councils. Her party's alliance with El Alto's neighborhood councils facilitated Montaño's entry into the Chamber of Deputies. In 2009, she was elected as a substitute deputy representing La Paz's circumscription 14 and in 2014, she became one of the few ruling party parliamentarians to be presented for reelection, this time for a full seat.
Erwin Rivero Ziegler is a Bolivian biochemist, pharmacist, and politician who served as senator for Beni from 2015 to 2020. Rivero spent most of his professional career working in the pharmaceutical industry, only entering politics at the turn of the twenty-first century. He joined the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, holding minor posts at the provincial and departmental levels. With the collapse of the Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada administration in October 2003, Rivero distanced himself from the government party and was appointed prefect of Beni by Carlos Mesa. He remained in office for half a year before being ousted for his role in the military's violent dispersal of protesters near Puente San Pablo. Undeterred, Rivero formed his own party, Community Autonomy, with which he competed for the Trinidad mayoralty, attaining third place, losing the contest but attaining a seat in the city's municipal council. The following year, he campaigned to return to the prefecture, finishing third. Despite his conservative political origins, Rivero aligned himself with the ruling Movement for Socialism, with which he unsuccessfully contested the Trinidad mayoralty before finally being elected as a senator for the party.
Farides Vaca Suárez is a Bolivian librarian and politician who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from Beni, representing circumscription 62 from 2010 to 2015.
Tito Veizaga Cossío is a Bolivian cocalero activist, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 17 from 2015 to 2020. A member of the Movement for Socialism, Veizaga followed the usual path taken by rural union leaders, scaling the ranks of trade syndicate leadership until reaching the departmental level. In 2004, he was elected to serve as mayor of Cajuata, and though he failed in his attempt at reelection in 2010, he maintained a presence in his party's internal structure. In 2014, Veizaga was elected to represent the Yungas region in the Chamber of Deputies. Though many local cocaleros opposed the government's attempt at regulating their crop, Veizaga held the party line, supporting the passage of the 2017 General Law of Coca. He was not nominated for reelection.
Miguel Santa Lucía Ojopi Sosa, often referred to as Yaco, is a Bolivian businessman and politician who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Pando from 2015 to 2020. A member of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, Ojopi entered politics as the party's departmental leader for Pando. In 2006, he was elected to serve as a party-list member of the Constituent Assembly for Pando from 2006 to 2007. After unsuccessfully contesting the Cobija mayoralty in 2010, Ojopi was elected to represent Pando in the Chamber of Deputies. As with other Revolutionary Nationalist Movement deputies elected as part of the Democratic Unity alliance, Ojopi split with the coalition shortly after assuming office, composing part of a quaternary opposition caucus in the lower chamber for the duration of his term.
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Fernando Julio Cajías de la Vega is a Bolivian academic, historian, and politician. A member of the academically influential Cajías family, Cajías composed part of the first generation of professional historians that began operating in Bolivia in the second half of the twentieth century. A graduate and tenured professor at the Higher University of San Andrés, he taught art and cultural history and worked as a doctoral advisor, in addition to serving as the university's secretary general from 1978 to 1980 and as its dean of humanities from 1997 to 2003. His archival work led him to serve as director of the National Institute of History and Literature and later executive director of its parent body, the Bolivian Institute of Culture.
Edgar Luis Fernández is a Bolivian cab driver, politician, and trade unionist who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Santa Cruz from 2010 to 2015.
Martín Quispe Julián is a Bolivian educator, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 21 from 2010 to 2015.
René Vidal León was a Bolivian politician and trade unionist who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Chuquisaca from 2010 until his death in 2012. He previously served on the Sucre Municipal Council from 2000 to 2004.
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Donato Rubén Callisaya Mayta is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz from 2010 to 2015.
Bolivian parliamentary headquarters [was] opened on 1 August after a decade of military dictatorship [...].
The Honorable National Congress is summoned for its [...] official inauguration [...], for the day 6 August 1985.
The Honorable National Congress is summoned for its [...] official inauguration [...], for the day 6 August 1989.
The Honorable National Congress is summoned for its [...] official inauguration [...], for the day 6 August 1993.
Designar Prefecto del Departamento de Santa Cruz al ciudadano JULIO LEIGUE HURTADO.
The Honorable National Congress is summoned for its [...] official inauguration [...], for the day 6 August 1997.
The new National Congress [...] will begin its work on Friday [...] with the inauguration of elected legislators [...].
Entretanto, su suplente Helen Hayes, asumiría en su reemplazo a su curul en el Senado Nacional.
The Honorable National Congress is summoned for its [...] official inauguration [...], for the day 22 January 2006.
The first [Plurinational Legislative Assembly] will formally take office this Tuesday, three days before President Morales is sworn in for his second consecutive term.
By National Convergence (CN) those authorized [is, ...] the alternate senator for Santa Cruz Fátima Doly Velarde for María Elva Pinckert [...].
According to the TSE, the list of those empowered for the Movement for Socialism (MAS) is as follows: [...] the senator for Santa Cruz, Félix Martínez, for Gabriela Montaño [...].
[...] there [is one alternate senator] from UCS [...], who is Paola Fernández, daughter of the mayor of Santa Cruz, Jhonny Fernández.