MIR494

MIR494
Identifiers
Aliases	MIR494 , MIRN494, hsa-mir-494, mir-494, microRNA 494
External IDs	OMIM: 616036 GeneCards: MIR494
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (human)
End	101,029,714 bp
Orthologs
	574452
	n/a
	ENSG00000194717
	n/a
	n ; a
	n/a
	n/a
	n/a
	n/a
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Last updated September 09, 2021

MicroRNA 494 is a microRNA sequence which is encoded in humans by the MIR494 gene.^[3]

Function

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20–24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs which are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nucleotide stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA* ("mi-RNA star") products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognises target miRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilisation of the target mRNA. This RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.^[3]

Related Research Articles

Drosha is a Class 2 ribonuclease III enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DROSHA gene. It is the primary nuclease that executes the initiation step of miRNA processing in the nucleus. It works closely with DGCR8 and in correlation with Dicer. It has been found significant in clinical knowledge for cancer prognosis and HIV-1 replication.

The miR-15 microRNA precursor family is made up of small non-coding RNA genes that regulate gene expression. The family includes the related mir-15a and mir-15b sequences, as well as miR-16-1, miR-16-2, miR-195 and miR-497. These six highly conserved miRNAs are clustered on three separate chromosomes. In humans miR-15a and miR-16 are clustered within 0.5 kilobases at chromosome position 13q14. This region has been found to be the most commonly affected in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), with deletions of the entire region in more than half of cases. Both miR-15a and miR-16 are thus frequently deleted or down-regulated in CLL samples with 13q14 deletions; occurring in more than two thirds of CLL cases. The expression of miR-15a is associated with survival in triple negative breast cancer.

There are 89 known sequences today in the microRNA 19 (miR-19) family but it will change quickly. They are found in a large number of vertebrate species. The miR-19 microRNA precursor is a small non-coding RNA molecule that regulates gene expression. Within the human and mouse genome there are three copies of this microRNA that are processed from multiple predicted precursor hairpins:

The miR-1 microRNA precursor is a small micro RNA that regulates its target protein's expression in the cell. microRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give products at ~22 nucleotides. In this case the mature sequence comes from the 3' arm of the precursor. The mature products are thought to have regulatory roles through complementarity to mRNA. In humans there are two distinct microRNAs that share an identical mature sequence, these are called miR-1-1 and miR-1-2.

In molecular biology mir-126 is a short non-coding RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several pre- and post-transcription mechanisms.

In molecular biology, miR-184 microRNA is a short non-coding RNA molecule. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as posttranscriptional regulators of expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. Several targets for miR-184 have been described, including that of mediators of neurological development, apoptosis and it has been suggested that miR-184 plays an essential role in development.

In molecular biology, mir-221 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

In molecular biology mir-210 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

In molecular biology mir-25 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. mir-25 levels increase in human heart failure, and treatment with an anti-sense RNA molecule (antagomiR) was recently reported to halt disease progression and improves cardiac function in a mouse heart failure model.

In molecular biology mir-153 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

Expandable. We make separate entries for proteins, etc. Why not these?

MicroRNA 7-1 is a microRNA molecule that in humans is encoded by the MIR7-1 gene.

MicroRNA 489 is a miRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR489 gene.

MicroRNA 148a is a miRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR148A gene.

MicroRNA 495 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR495 gene.

MicroRNA 141 is a non-coding RNA molecule that in humans is encoded by the MIR141 gene.

MicroRNA 200c is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR200C gene.

MicroRNA 195 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR195 gene.

MicroRNA 885 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR885 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000194717 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: MicroRNA 494" . Retrieved 2017-10-19.

Diakos C, Zhong S, Xiao Y, Zhou M, Vasconcelos GM, Krapf G, Yeh RF, Zheng S, Kang M, Wiencke JK, Pombo-de-Oliveira MS, Panzer-Grümayer R, Wiemels JL (December 2010). "TEL-AML1 regulation of survivin and apoptosis via miRNA-494 and miRNA-320a". Blood. 116 (23): 4885–93. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-02-206706. PMC 3265147 . PMID 20807887.
Olaru AV, Ghiaur G, Yamanaka S, Luvsanjav D, An F, Popescu I, Alexandrescu S, Allen S, Pawlik TM, Torbenson M, Georgiades C, Roberts LR, Gores GJ, Ferguson-Smith A, Almeida MI, Calin GA, Mezey E, Selaru FM (December 2011). "MicroRNA down-regulated in human cholangiocarcinoma control cell cycle through multiple targets involved in the G1/S checkpoint". Hepatology. 54 (6): 2089–98. doi:10.1002/hep.24591. PMC 3212606 . PMID 21809359.
Tominaga K, Srikantan S, Lee EK, Subaran SS, Martindale JL, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M (October 2011). "Competitive regulation of nucleolin expression by HuR and miR-494". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 31 (20): 4219–31. doi:10.1128/MCB.05955-11. PMC 3187287 . PMID 21859890.
Megiorni F, Cialfi S, Dominici C, Quattrucci S, Pizzuti A (2011). "Synergistic post-transcriptional regulation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) by miR-101 and miR-494 specific binding". PLOS ONE. 6 (10): e26601. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...626601M. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026601 . PMC 3197680 . PMID 22028919.
Kim WK, Park M, Kim YK, Tae YK, Yang HK, Lee JM, Kim H (December 2011). "MicroRNA-494 downregulates KIT and inhibits gastrointestinal stromal tumor cell proliferation". Clinical Cancer Research. 17 (24): 7584–94. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0166 . PMID 22042971.
Ohdaira H, Sekiguchi M, Miyata K, Yoshida K (February 2012). "MicroRNA-494 suppresses cell proliferation and induces senescence in A549 lung cancer cells". Cell Proliferation. 45 (1): 32–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2011.00798.x. PMC 6496138 . PMID 22151897.
Yamanaka S, Campbell NR, An F, Kuo SC, Potter JJ, Mezey E, Maitra A, Selaru FM (July 2012). "Coordinated effects of microRNA-494 induce G₂/M arrest in human cholangiocarcinoma". Cell Cycle. 11 (14): 2729–38. doi:10.4161/cc.21105. PMC 3409013 . PMID 22785131.
Altmäe S, Martinez-Conejero JA, Esteban FJ, Ruiz-Alonso M, Stavreus-Evers A, Horcajadas JA, Salumets A (March 2013). "MicroRNAs miR-30b, miR-30d, and miR-494 regulate human endometrial receptivity". Reproductive Sciences. 20 (3): 308–17. doi:10.1177/1933719112453507. PMC 4077381 . PMID 22902743.
Romano G, Acunzo M, Garofalo M, Di Leva G, Cascione L, Zanca C, Bolon B, Condorelli G, Croce CM (October 2012). "MiR-494 is regulated by ERK1/2 and modulates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer through BIM down-regulation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (41): 16570–5. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10916570R. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1207917109 . PMC 3478630 . PMID 23012423.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000194717 - Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-3] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: MicroRNA 494" . Retrieved 2017-10-19.

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[3]

MIR494

Contents

Function

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading