MacEdward Leach

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MacEdward Leach (1892-1967) was an American folklorist, whose work "greatly influenced the development of folklore as an academic discipline". [1]

Contents

Early life and education

Leach was born near Bridgeport, Illinois. Later in life he sometimes gave his birth date as 1896, seemingly to avoid forced retirement. [1]

Leach graduated with a MA from Johns Hopkins University in 1917: his master's thesis was on the legend of the Holy Grail. [2] He then researched for a doctorate at the University of Pennsylvania: studying under the Americanist, Cornelius Weygandt and anthropologist, Frank Speck. [3]

Leach completed his doctorate, which dealt with the use of Celtic tradition in literature, in 1930. [4]

Personal life

Leach was married twice, first to Alice May (Maria) Doane, with whom he had a son, Donald. His second marriage was Nancy Rafetto, with whom he also had a son, Douglas. [1]

Maria Leach was also a renowned folklorist: amongst her publications were The Dictionary of Folklore, Mythology, and Legend (1949–50) and The Rainbow Book of American Tales and Legends (1958). [5]

Career

After the completion of his doctorate Leach developed and taught courses on folklore within the University of Pennsylvania's Department of English. Over time, he adapted English literature courses he inherited into folklore courses: one titled "The Epic and Short Story', he gradually changed into a general folklore course, another on the literary ballad he transformed it into a folk ballad course. [6] By 1959 Leach had developed a doctoral program in folklore and folklife - the second in the United States. [6] A Folklore department was established at the University in 1962. [4]

Early in his career, Leach carried out fieldwork in the Southern mountain regions of the United States, as well as in the John Crow Mountains in Jamaica. Later in life, mostly likely influenced by his Cape Breton born first wife, [1] Leach carried out four collecting trips to Atlantic Canada. [7] The recordings Leach made in Canada have since been made available online. [8]

Leach was regarded as a charismatic lecturer who established the University of Pennsylvania as a well-respected site for the academic study of folklore and had an enormous impact on the folklorists he taught. [9] One obituary credited him with being "a key man in the revolutionizing of the teaching of folklore in the United States". [3]

MacEdward Leach spent his entire career at the university, retiring in 1966. His successor as Chair of the Folklore department was Don Yoder. [6]

Recognition

Leach served as both Secretary-Treasurer (1943–1960) and President (1961–1962) [10] of the American Folklore Society (AFS). He has been credited with an enormous impact on the Society, having "almost single-handedly nurtured that organization from near collapse to vigor". [11] His impact as an administrator included promoting the growth of local American folklore societies to aid the AFS and generating revenue for the AFS by creating a Bibliographical and Special Series of publications. [11] [3]

Selected publications

Leach, MacEdward (1941). Logical Articulation. The English Journal, 30(9), 754–764. https://doi.org/10.2307/805900

Leach, MacEdward; Beck, Horace P. (1950). "Songs from Rappahannock County, Virginia". The Journal of American Folklore. 63 (249): 257. doi : 10.2307/536528

Leach, MacEdward. 1958. 'Folklore in American Colleges and Universities'. Journal of American Folklore Supplement, pp10–11.

Leach, MacEdward. (1955). The Ballad Book. New York: Harper.

Leach, MacEdward. (1957). Folksong and Ballad. A New Emphasis. The Journal of American Folklore, 70(277), 205–207. https://doi.org/10.2307/538317

Leach, MacEdward. (1957). 'Celtic Tales from Cape Breton' in W.E. Richmond, ed. Studies in Folklore. Bloomington: Indiana University University Press. 1957.

Leach, MacEdward (1960). "Reply to Maud Karpeles". The Journal of American Folklore. 73 (289): 275. doi : 10.2307/538005

Leach, MacEdward, and Coffin, Tristram P. (1961). The Critics and the Ballad. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

Leach, MacEdward (1961). Studies in medieval literature. In honor of Professor Albert Croll Baugh. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Leach, MacEdward (1961). "Jamaican Duppy Lore". The Journal of American Folklore. 74 (293): 207. doi : 10.2307/537633

Leach, MacEdward (1962-06). "Problems of Collecting Oral Literature". Publications of the Modern Language Association of America. 77 (3): 335–340. doi : 10.2307/460494 ISSN  0030-8129.

Leach, MacEdward (1963). "Folklore of Jamaica: A Survey." Schweizerisches Archiv für Volkskunde 59: 60–81.

Leach, MacEdward (1963). "What Shall We Do with "Little Matty Groves"?". The Journal of American Folklore. 76 (301): 189. doi : 10.2307/538519

Leach, MacEdward (1964). "Matthew Arnold and 'Celtic Magic'." In Ray B. Browne et al., eds. The Celtic Cross. Studies in Irish Culture and Literature."   Lafayette: Purdue University Studies.

Leach, MacEdward. (1965). Folk Ballads and Songs of the lower Labrador Coast. Ottawa: National Museum.

Leach, MacEdward (1966). "Folklore in American Regional Literature". Journal of the Folklore Institute. 3 (3): 376. doi : 10.2307/3813808

Leach, MacEdward (1966). "John Henry." In Folklore and Society: Essays in Honor of Benjamin A. Botkin. Hatboro, PA: Folklore Associates.

Leach, MacEdward (1966). Songs from the Outports of Newfoundland (sound recording). Washington: Smithsonian Folkways. FE 4075. 1966.

Leach, MacEdward (1967). "Superstitions of South Scotland from a Manuscript of Thomas Wilkie." In D.K. Wilgus & Carol Sommer, ed. Folklore International. Hatboro: Folklore Associates.

Leach, MacEdward and Glassie, Henry (1968) A guide for collectors of oral traditions and folk cultural material in Pennsylvania. With Henry Glassie. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.

Leach, MacEdward (1967). "The Men Who Made Folklore a Scholarly Discipline." In Tristram Coffin, ed. Our Living Tradition: An Introduction to American Folklore. New York: Basic Books, 1968.

Leach, MacEdward (1973). The Terror of Quidi Vidi Lake: and other Newfoundland ghost poems. Agincourt: Book Society of Canada. 1973.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Folklore</span> Expressive culture shared by particular groups

Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture or subculture. This includes oral traditions such as tales, myths, legends, proverbs, poems, jokes, and other oral traditions. This also includes material culture, such as traditional building styles common to the group. Folklore also encompasses customary lore, taking actions for folk beliefs, and the forms and rituals of celebrations such as Christmas, weddings, folk dances, and initiation rites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Folklore studies</span> Branch of anthropology

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The American Folklore Society (AFS) is the United States (US)-based professional association for folklorists, with members from the US, Canada, and around the world, which aims to encourage research, aid in disseminating that research, promote the responsible application of that research, publish various forms of publications, advocate for the continued study and teaching of folklore, etc. The Society is based at Indiana University and has an annual meeting every October. The Society's quarterly publication is the Journal of American Folklore. The current president is Marilyn White.

Henry Glassie College Professor Emeritus at Indiana University Bloomington, has done fieldwork on five continents and written books on the full range of folkloristic interest, from drama, song, and story to craft, art, and architecture. Three of his books -- Passing the Time in Ballymenone, The Spirit of Folk Art, and Turkish Traditional Art Today -- were named among the "Notable Books of the Year" by The New York Times. Glassie has won many awards for his work, including the Charles Homer Haskins Prize of the American Council of Learned Societies for a distinguished career of humanistic scholarship. A film on his work, directed by Pat Collins and titled Henry Glassie: Field Work, had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2019.

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Phillips Barry was an American academic and collector of traditional ballads in New England.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "MacEdward Leach and the Songs of Atlantic Canada | Biography - Personal". www.mun.ca. Retrieved 2022-05-19.
  2. ↑ Leach, MacEdward (1916). The Holy Grail: being a comparison of the ceremony described in the Arthurian romances with the rites of initiation among primitive peoples (Thesis). OCLC   435687767.
  3. 1 2 3 Hand, Wayland D. (1968). "MacEdward Leach (1896-1967)". Western Folklore. 27 (1): 43–44. ISSN   0043-373X. JSTOR   1498771.
  4. 1 2 "MacEdward Leach and the Songs of Atlantic Canada | Biography - Training". www.mun.ca. Retrieved 2022-05-19.
  5. ↑ "Maria Leach Dies at 85, Editor Of Major Works, Covering Folklore". The New York Times. 1977-05-24. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2022-05-19.
  6. 1 2 3 Clements, William M; American Folklore Society (1988). 100 years of American folklore studies: a conceptual history. Washington (D.C.): American Folklore Society. OCLC   600721489.
  7. ↑ "MacEdward Leach and the Songs of Atlantic Canada | Biography - Fieldwork". www.mun.ca. Retrieved 2022-05-19.
  8. ↑ Diamond, Beverley; Brodie, Ian (2013). "MacEdward Leach and the Songs of Atlantic Canada" (PDF). Oral Tradition. 28/2: 335–340.
  9. ↑ Greenway, John; Abrahams, Roger D.; Alspach, Russell K.; Beck, Horace P.; Briggs, Katharine M.; Browne, Ray B.; Coffin, Tristram P.; Dorson, Richard M.; Fenton, William N.; Garbáty, Thomas Jay; Gillmor, Frances (1968). "MacEdward Leach, 1892-1967". The Journal of American Folklore. 81 (320): 97–120. ISSN   0021-8715. JSTOR   537661.
  10. ↑ "Past AFS Presidents". The American Folklore Society. Retrieved 2022-05-19.
  11. 1 2 American folklore : an encyclopedia. Jan Harold Brunvand. New York. 1996. p. 910. ISBN   0-8153-0751-9. OCLC   34046325.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
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