Magadi Mahagadi | |
---|---|
Town | |
Nickname: The leopard country | |
Coordinates: 12°58′N77°14′E / 12.97°N 77.23°E | |
Country | India |
State | Karnataka |
District | Bengaluru South |
Founded by | Kempegowda |
Government | |
• Body | Town Municipal Council |
Area | |
• Town | 5 km2 (2 sq mi) |
• Rural | 794 km2 (307 sq mi) |
Elevation | 895 m (2,936 ft) |
Population (2011) | |
• Town | 27,605 [1] |
• Rural | 176,236 |
Languages | |
• Official | Kannada |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 562120 [2] |
Vehicle registration | KA-42 |
Website | http://www.magaditown.mrc.gov.in |
Magadi is a town and taluk located in Bengaluru South district, Karnataka, India.
As per a legend, Magadi was founded in 1139 by a Chola king, who, in the course of an expedition, heard that in early times it had been the residence of some saints. Magadi later passed into the hands of Hoysalas, before it became a part of the Vijayanagara Empire. The town was expanded in area during the reign of Achyuta Deva Raya, who had appointed Samanta Raya to manage the affairs of the district that Magadi was a part of. Samanta Raya received the town as a grant from the king in return for his fortification of Savandurga, who had it possession from 1543 to 1571, before it was passed on to his son Sampaja Raya. Attempts to plunder the town by Gangappa Nayak, a watchman during Chikka Raya's reign, was thwarted by Kempe Gowda I, who put him to death, before taking over the town. Gowda later retired to Magadi and the town came to associated with his family in the years to come. [3]
Epigraphically, the history of Magadi is much earlier as the earliest epigraphical document is from the Kalya village dated paleographically to the 550 CE. It is documented in Akshara Bhandara, a digital compendium of Kannada inscriptions by the Mythic society. [4] The inscriptions of Magadi are mostly documented in Volume 9 of Epigraphia carnatica , recently discovered inscriptions are published in journals like Itihasa darpana and the journals of Mythic Society. [5] [6] Among the significant inscriptions is the Vaishnava-Jaina conflict resolution inscription documented in the Kalya village, dated to 1368 CE, that records the conflict between the followers of the two religions and the subsequent resolution of it by king Bukkaraya II. [7]
Magadi was captured by the Mysore army in 1728 and the chief carried prisoner to Srirangapatna, where he died, the last of his line. The 1875 Gazetteer of Bangalore noted the population of Magadi to be around 4,000 and that it compirsed 650 houses. [3]
Magadi is located at 12°58′N77°14′E / 12.97°N 77.23°E . [8] It has an average elevation of 925 metres (3034 feet).
As of 2011 [update] India census, Magadi had a population of 27,605. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Magadi has an average literacy rate of 69%, male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 65%. [9]
Kolar district is a district in the state of Karnataka, India.
Basavanagudi is a residential and commercial locality in the Indian city of Bangalore. Basavanagudi is one of the oldest localities of Bangalore evidenced by the fact that it is home to four inscriptions, three Kannada and one Tamil and also one of the poshest areas of Bangalore. It is located in South Bangalore, along the borders of Jayanagar and Lalbagh Botanical Gardens. The name "Basavanagudi" refers to the Bull Temple, which contains a monolithic statue of the Nandi Bull. The word Basava in Kannada means bull, and gudi means temple. The main commercial street in Basavanagudi is DVG Road, which is home to numerous retail businesses - several of them dating back to the 1920s and 1930s. Towards the middle of DVG Road is Gandhi Bazaar, known for its market which sells fresh flowers, fruits, and vegetables. The neighbourhood includes several historic restaurants, notably Vidyarthi Bhavan, a vegetarian restaurant which opened in 1943.
Old Kannada or Halegannada is the Kannada language which transformed from Purvada halegannada or Pre-old Kannada during the reign of the Kadambas of Banavasi.
Epigraphia Carnatica is a set of books on epigraphy of the Old Mysore region of India, compiled by Benjamin Lewis Rice, the Director of the Mysore Archaeological Department. Over a period of about ten years between 1894 and 1905, Rice published the books in a set of twelve volumes. The books contain the study of about 9,000 inscriptions from lithic surfaces and copper plates, which were found in the region. Apart from the original inscription, an English translation and a Roman transliteration are also provided.
Benjamin Lewis Rice, popularly known as B. L. Rice, was a British historian, archaeologist and educationist. He is known for his pioneering work in deciphering inscriptions, especially in Kannada, and in Sanskrit inscriptions in the Kingdom of Mysore and is eulogized as Shasanapitamaha or Purathathva Pitamaha Rice's researches were published as the voluminous Epigraphia Carnatica which contains translations of about 9000 inscriptions he found in the Old Mysore area. Rice also compiled the much acclaimed Mysore Gazetteer which still remains the primary source of information for most places in Mysore and neighbouring Coorg. Rice served with distinction in the Mysore civil service and as first Director of the Mysore State Archaeology Department.
Halasuru Someshwara Temple is located in the neighborhood of Halasuru in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It is one of the old temples in the city dating back to the Chola period, it is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. Major additions or modifications were made during the late Vijayanagara Empire period under the rule of Hiriya Kempe Gowda II.
Gowda is a surname native to Karnataka state of India. It is mainly found among the Vokkaligas in South Karnataka, Vokkaliga Gowda/Reddy and the Lingayats in north Karnataka. It is also used by other communities like Namadhari Naiks, Billavas. Gowda was originally an honorific used by the administrative head of a village. Typically, such a head owned land and held political and social sway in the village. Among Reddy, it was used to refer to the head of the community.
Kalya (Kalavathi pattana) or Kalya is a historic settlement located in Magadi Taluk, Bengaluru South district of Karnataka, India. Kalya as an early settlement can be attested by prehistoric rock art and tools reported from Kalya and inscriptional evidence in the village starting from 550 CE to the early 17th century CE, making it one of the few places in the country that has been continuously inhabited for 3000 to 3500 years.
Chokkanathaswamy temple, at Domlur in the Indian city of Bangalore, Karnataka, India, is dedicated to the deity known as Chokkanathaswamy or Chokka Perumal. It is one of the oldest temples in the city. The temple has numerous Kannada and Tamil inscriptions that have been documented in the Epigraphia Carnatica Vol 9, Bangalore District (1905ed). Based on these inscriptions the temple is at least as old as 1200 CE.
The Ranganatha Swamy and the Someshwara temples are located in the historic town of Magadi, about 41 km from Bangalore, the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. These temples are protected monuments under the Karnataka state division of the Archaeological Survey of India.
The Ranganatha Swamy Temple at Nirthadi, is a post-Vijayanagara Empire re-construction. Nirthadi is a village in the Davangere district of Karnataka state, India. According to noted historian and epigraphist Benjamin Lewis Rice, a Kannada language inscription dated 1698 AD in the temple premise describes the destruction of the original temple by the armies of Mogul emperor Aurangzeb in 1696 AD. The Chitradurga chief Baramappa Nayaka (r.1689–1721) rebuilt the temple in 1698 AD. The monument is protected by the Karnataka state division of Archaeological Survey of India.
Mysore Hatti Krishna Iyengar was an Indian historian, archaeologist, epigraphist and authority in Indian numismatics. He pioneered the new field of Indology involving the study of Indian culture, history, music and traditions from a historical perspective. He is credited with the discovery of one of the oldest Kannada inscriptions, the Halmidi inscription, dating back to 350 A. D. He also discovered the remains of the city of Isila near Brahmagiri during his excavations at Chandravalli, Chitradurga. The forgotten tomb of Shahaji was traced by M. H. Krishna during his years at the Mysore Archaeological Department. His years at the Archaeology Department saw him churn out many of excavation reports and these were later published in successive volumes of Epigraphia Carnatica. During Krishna's tenure at Bangalore, he was instrumental in cataloguing close to 6000 coins in the archives of the archaeology department there. He was trained at the University College, London under Ernest Arthur Gardner. and would later accompany Sir Flinders Petrie in his excavations in Egypt.
Jakkur is a suburb in the northern part of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Located on the eastern side of the National Highway 44 between Yelahanka and Hebbal. Primarily a residential locality the area is also known for the Jakkur Aerodrome ,Jakkur lake, and Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. Jakkur Aerodrome spread over 200 acres, opened in 1948 is now a pilot training school.
Malleshwaram is a North-Western locality of Bengaluru and one of the oldest planned layouts of Bengaluru. In 1898 when Bangalore was hit by the plague epidemic, Malleshwaram was developed on modern lines as a new residential locality of the city. However, as evidenced by Ekoji's inscription the village of Mallapura had existed since at least 1669CE. The name Mallapura is derived from two words, Malai meaning "hill" and Pura meaning "town". The name Mallapura has since changed to Malleshwara over the years.
Ivara Kandapura is a small hamlet adjoining Hesaraghatta on the northern outskirts of Bangalore, in Karnataka, India. Ivara Kandapura is famous for a 10th-century temple complex that is home to five temples, named after the pandavas as The Dharmeshwara, Nakuleshwara, Bheemeshwara, Sahadeshwara, Arjuneshwara and Kunti Gudi.
Domlur is a locality in the eastern part of Bengaluru city in India. Domlur is a historic places as indicated in the 18 inscriptions spanning the period 1200-1440CE found there. Of these, 16 inscriptions are at the Chokkanathaswamy Temple dedicated to the deity Chokkanathaswamy or the Chokka Perumal [the Hindu God Vishnu]. Of these eleven inscriptions are from the period 1200-1440 CE and have been documented earlier in Epigraphia Carnatica, Vol 9, these are mostly donatory inscriptions for the deity Chokkanathaswamy and for the Someshwara temple (non-existent).
Singapura is a locality in the northwestern part of Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. The Varadarajaswamy Temple in Singapura is at least 500 years old, as recorded in Harohalli and Chikkabettahalli inscriptions. The temple is referred to as the Tiruvengalanatha temple in inscriptions. The inscriptions also mention a grant given to Ramanuja Koota, a religious institution of Sri Vaishnavites, named after the reformer-saint Ramanuja.
Jakkur, a suburb in Bengaluru is an old locality that has an historicity of about 700 years. The locality is home to four inscriptions and several hero stones. The earliest inscriptions of the area can be paleographically dated to 9th - 10th century CE. These inscriptions also indicate that Jakkur Lake, regarded as one of the biggest lakes of Bangalore, existed as old as seven centuries ago.
Allalasandra is a historic locality in North Bengaluru adjoining the Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra (GKVK) campus on Bellary road. Allasandra's historicity tracing back to about 500 years can be attested from the Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription mentions the donation of the entire village of Allalasandra to the Allalanatha temple at Jakkur.
The Basavanagudi Inscriptions are a set of three Kannada and one Tamil inscriptions that can be found in the locality of Basavanagudi. Of the four, three Kannada inscriptions are physically present and the fourth Tamil inscription's physical status remains unknown. The available Kannada inscriptions can be found in Bugle rock park and Dodda Basavana Gudi or Big bull temple. Two inscriptions found in the vicinity of Dodda Basavana Gudi or Big bull temple, both describe the Vrishabhavati river's origin as coming from the feet of the Basava idol in the temple's sanctum and flowing westwards thereon as Paschimavahini. The two inscriptions can be found: one on the pedestal of the Basava deity in the sanctum and the other on a boulder in the shrubbery surrounding the temple. Two more inscriptions that are published, one is a one line Tamil inscription in Grantha script published in Epigraphia Carnatica and is about possible donatory inscription to the Chokkanathaswamy Temple in Domlur, a locality in Bengaluru, its physical status is not known at present and the other is a one line Kannada inscription in the Kannada script published in Itihasa Darshana Journal and is present on a boulder in the Bugle rock park in Basavanagudi is about one Deevatige Soma.