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The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and oldest specialised agency of the UN. The ILO has 187 member states: 186 out of 193 UN member states plus the Cook Islands. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, with around 40 field offices around the world, and employs some 3,381 staff across 107 nations, of whom 1,698 work in technical cooperation programmes and projects.
The Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the Convention against Transnational Organised Crime, was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2000. It is also referred to as the Smuggling Protocol. It is one of the three Palermo protocols, the others being the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition.
The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is a United Nations multilateral treaty governing the protection of migrant workers and families. Signed on 18 December 1990, it entered into force on 1 July 2003 after the threshold of 20 ratifying States was reached in March 2003. The Committee on Migrant Workers (CMW) monitors implementation of the convention, and is one of the seven UN-linked human rights treaty bodies. The convention applies as of August 2021 in 56 countries.
Old-Age Insurance Convention, 1933 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Invalidity Insurance Convention, 1933 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Invalidity Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Survivors' Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors' Benefits Convention, 1967 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Sheet-Glass Works Convention, 1934 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention established in 1934, with a preamble stating:
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the regulation of hours of work in automatic sheet-glass works...
Unemployment Provision Convention, 1934 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Reduction of Hours of Work Convention, 1935 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Recruiting of Indigenous Workers Convention, 1936 is a shelved International Labour Organization Convention.
Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1949 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Penal Sanctions Convention, 1939 (shelved) is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 is an International Labour Organization Convention for migrant workers.
Migrant Workers Convention, 1975, or Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers is an International Labour Organization Convention for the rights of migrant workers. However unlike the United Nations Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, there are restrictions of migrant worker to be applied on Article 11.
Maintenance of Social Security Rights Convention, 1982 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
Migrant workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council region involves the prevalence of migrant workers in the Kingdom of Bahrain, the State of Kuwait, the Sultanate of Oman, the State of Qatar, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Together, these six countries form the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), established in 1981. The GCC cooperates on issues related to economy and politics, and the subject of migrant workers constitutes a substantial part of the council's collaboration. All of the GCC countries are dependent on migrant labor to bolster and stimulate economic growth and development, as the GCC countries possess an abundance of capital while the domestic labor capacity is low. Although migrant workers in the Persian Gulf region amount to no more than 10% of all migrants worldwide, they constitute a significant part of the populations of their host countries.
Human rights in the Dominican Republic constitute the civil and political rights and freedoms legally protected under the Constitution of the Dominican Republic and enforced by the government through common and statutory law. The majority of human rights disputes are presided over by the highest court of constitutional appeal, the Dominican Constitutional Tribunal. These rights and freedoms have developed over time in accordance with the Dominican Republic's expansion from the former Spanish colony of the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo to its modern state formation. The history of human rights in the state have also been marked by the oscillation between democratic administrations, such as the current presidency of Danilo Medina, and authoritarian administrations, most significantly the dictatorial regime of Rafael Trujillo between 16 August 1930 and 16 August 1938. As a member of the Organization of American States and the United Nations, the Dominican Republic is party to myriad legal treaties and covenants which propagate the human rights standards of the international community and have integrated the majority of these human rights directives into their domestic legislation.
References
- ↑ "Convention C048 - Maintenance of Migrants' Pension Rights Convention, 1935 (No. 48)". www.ilo.org. Retrieved 2018-09-22.
