Bucharest is the capital and largest city of Romania. The metropolis stands on the River Dâmbovița in south-eastern Romania. Its population is officially estimated at 1.76 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 2.3 million residents, which makes Bucharest the 8th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures 240 km2 (93 sq mi) and comprises 6 districts (Sectoare), while the metropolitan area covers 1,811 km2 (699 sq mi). Bucharest is a beta global city, a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government.
Rabbinic literature, in its broadest sense, is the entire spectrum of works authored by rabbis throughout Jewish history. The term typically refers to literature from the Talmudic era, as opposed to medieval and modern rabbinic writings. It aligns with the Hebrew term Sifrut Chazal, which translates to “literature [of our] sages” and generally pertains only to the sages (Chazal) from the Talmudic period. This more specific sense of "Rabbinic literature"—referring to the Talmud, Midrashim, and related writings, but hardly ever to later texts—is how the term is generally intended when used in contemporary academic writing. The terms mefareshim and parshanim almost always refer to later, post-Talmudic writers of rabbinic glosses on Biblical and Talmudic texts.
Meir Leibush ben Yehiel Michel Wisser, better known as the Malbim, was a rabbi, master of Hebrew grammar, and Bible commentator. The name Malbim was derived from the Hebrew initials of his name. He used this acronym as his surname in all his published works and became known by it in common usage. His writings do not include works about Kohelet or Eicha.
The Jewish Museum in Bucharest, Romania is located in the former Templul Unirea Sfântă synagogue, which survived World War II.
Moses Rosen was Chief Rabbi of Romanian Jewry between 1948–1994 and president of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Romania between 1964 and 1994. He led the community through the entire Communist era in Romania and continued in that role after the restoration of democracy following the Romanian Revolution of 1989. In 1957, he became a deputy in the Romanian parliament, a position he held through the Communist regime, and after 1989, in the democratic parliament. In the 1980s, the Romanian authorities allowed him to receive Israeli nationality and he was elected president of the Council of the Jewish Diaspora Museum in Tel Aviv.
Rabbi Moses Josef Rubin (1892–1980) was leading rabbinic figure in Romania and later in the United States, a scion of the Kosov-Seret dynasty.
The Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue, also known as the Shomrei ha-Chomos Synagogue and the Ungarin Shul, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the Muslim Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, Israel. It was built as a yeshiva in the 1870s by Kolel Shomrei HaChomos, an organization of Hungarian Jews, but was abandoned after the riots of 1938. Although the building was destroyed after 1948, it was reopened in October 2008 after acquisition by a Religious Zionist group and subsequent refurbishment.
Beth Hamedrash Hagodol is an Orthodox Jewish congregation that for over 120 years was located in a historic building at 60–64 Norfolk Street between Grand and Broome Streets in the Lower East Side neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was the first Eastern European congregation founded in New York City and the oldest Russian Jewish Orthodox congregation in the United States.
The Yeshua Tova Synagogue, also known as the Podul Mogoşoaiei Synagogue, is an Hasidic Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 9 Tache Ionescu Street, near Piaţa Amzei and Piața Romană metro station, in Bucharest, Romania. Designed in the Moorish Revival style, the synagogue was completed in 1827, and is the city's oldest synagogue.
The Great Synagogue, also known as the Great Polish Synagogue, is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 11 Vasile Adamache, in the Old Jewish District of Bucharest, Romania. The synagogue was completed in 1847 by the Polish-Jewish community. The building is also used as a Jewish museum.
The Choral Temple is a Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 9-11 Sf. Vineri Street, in Bucharest, Romania. Designed in the Moorish Revival style, the synagogue was completed in 1866.
The New Synagogue is a former Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 21 Raszkowska Street, in Ostrów Wielkopolski, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland. Designed by Moritz Landé in the Moorish Revival style and completed in 1860, the former synagogue is located in the city's center, which was the northern edge of the former Jewish district.
The Great Synagogue of Iași is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 1 Sinagogilor Street, in Iași, in the Iași County, of Western Moldavia, Romania. The synagogue was completed in 1671 in the Baroque style, and it is the oldest surviving synagogue in Romania.
The Richmond Synagogue is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at Lichfield Gardens, in Richmond, in the Borough of Richmond upon Thames, London, England, in the United Kingdom. The congregation had 250 members and is a member community of the United Synagogue.
The Cetate Synagogue is a Neolog Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Mărășești Street in the Cetate district of Timișoara, in Timiș County, Romania. Designed by Carl Schumann in an eclectic architectural style, the synagogue was completed in 1865.
The Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum is a museum commemorating the Jewish refugees who lived in Shanghai during World War II after fleeing Europe to escape the Holocaust. It is located at the former Ohel Moshe or Moishe Synagogue, in the Tilanqiao Historic Area of Hongkou district, Shanghai, China. The museum features documents, photographs, films, and personal items documenting the lives of some of the more than 20,000 Jewish residents of the Restricted Sector for Stateless Refugees, better known as the Shanghai Ghetto, during the Japanese occupation of Shanghai.
The Grand Spanish Temple, also known as the Cahal Grande, was a former Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 12 Negru Vodă Street, in the Văcărești district of Bucharest, Romania. The synagogue was completed in 1818 and demolished in 1985.
The Spanish Small Temple, also known as the Ca'al Cicu, was a former Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 37 Banu Maracine Street, in Bucharest, Romania. The synagogue was completed in 1846 and demolished in 1986.
The Faith Temple is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 48 Toneanu Vasile Street, in Bucharest, Romania. Designed in the International architectural style, the synagogue was completed in 1926.
Sephardic Jews have played an important historical role in Romania, although their numbers in the country have dwindled to a few hundred, with most living in the capital, Bucharest. Antisemitic pogroms and economic strife lead to mass emigration out of the country in the 20th century.
