Related Research Articles
Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Established in 1900, the Carnegie Institute of Technology merged with the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research to form the university as a single institution.
The School of Computer Science (SCS) at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US is a school for computer science established in 1988. It has been consistently ranked among the top computer science programs over the decades. As of 2022 U.S. News & World Report ranks the graduate program as tied for second with Stanford University and University of California, Berkeley. It is ranked second in the United States on Computer Science Open Rankings, which combines scores from multiple independent rankings.
In the branch of linguistics known as pragmatics, a presupposition is an implicit assumption about the world or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth is taken for granted in discourse. Examples of presuppositions include:
1973 in philosophy
Donkey sentences are sentences that contain a pronoun with clear meaning but whose syntactical role in the sentence poses challenges to grammarians. Such sentences defy straightforward attempts to generate their formal language equivalents. The difficulty is with understanding how English speakers parse such sentences.
Gennaro Chierchia is an Italian linguist and Haas Foundation Professor of Linguistics and Professor of Philosophy. His work and study focus on areas including semantics, pragmatics, philosophy of language, and language pathology.
Elizabeth Closs Traugott is an American linguist and Professor Emerita of Linguistics and English, Stanford University. She is best known for her work on grammaticalization, subjectification, and constructionalization.
Lauri Juhani Karttunen was an adjunct professor in linguistics at Stanford and an ACL Fellow. He died in 2022.
David Ian Beaver is a professor of linguistics and philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin, where he also directs the cognitive science program and serves as Graduate Studies Advisor of the Human Dimensions of Organizations Master's program. His work concerns the semantics and pragmatics of natural language, including, in particular, research on presupposition, anaphora, topic and focus.
Barbara Johnstone is an American professor of rhetoric and linguistics at Carnegie Mellon University. She specializes in discourse structure and function, sociolinguistics, rhetorical theory, and methods of text analysis. She was the editor in chief of Language in Society from 2005 to 2013, and is the editor of Pittsburgh Speech & Society, a website about Pittsburgh English for non-linguists. She has published several books, including Speaking Pittsburghese (2013) and Discourse Analysis, 2nd Ed. (2008). She has also written for The New York Times.
Barbara Kenyon Abbott is an American linguist. She earned her PhD in linguistics in 1976 at the University of California at Berkeley under the supervision of George Lakoff. From 1976 to 2006, she was a professor in the department of linguistics and Germanic, Slavic, Asian, and African languages at Michigan State University, with a joint appointment in philosophy. She is now a Professor Emerita.
Georgia M. Green is an American linguist and academic. She is an emeritus professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Her research has focused on pragmatics, speaker intention, word order and meaning. She has been an advisory editor for several linguistics journals or publishers and she serves on the usage committee for the American Heritage Dictionary.
Judith Tonhauser is a Professor of English Linguistics at the University of Stuttgart.
Rachel Mandelbaum is a professor of astrophysics at Carnegie Mellon University, studying cosmology and galactic evolution with a focus on dark matter and dark energy. Much of her work has used the phenomenon of gravitational lensing of galaxies and she has made significant improvements in the calibration of lensing parameters.
Emily M. Bender is an American linguist who works on multilingual grammar engineering and technology for endangered language documentation. She is a professor of linguistics at the University of Washington. Her specialty lies in computational linguistics, which focuses on the techniques and computer science behind language speaking. With that she is also "an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering,... and director of Computational Linguistics Laboratory" at the University as well. Bender has a wide range of languages that she is interested in, including Japanese, Chintang, Mandarin, Wambaya, ASL and English.
Craige Roberts is an American linguist, known for her work on pragmatics and formal semantics.
Roni Rosenfeld is an Israeli-American computer scientist and computational epidemiologist, currently serving as the head of the Machine Learning Department at Carnegie Mellon University. He is an international expert in machine learning, infectious disease forecasting, statistical language modeling and artificial intelligence.
Free choice is a phenomenon in natural language where a linguistic disjunction appears to receive a logical conjunctive interpretation when it interacts with a modal operator. For example, the following English sentences can be interpreted to mean that the addressee can watch a movie AND that they can also play video games, depending on their preference:
- You can watch a movie OR play video games.
- You can watch a movie OR you can play video games.
In semantics, pragmatics, and philosophy of language, a question under discussion (QUD) is a question which the interlocutors in a discourse are attempting to answer. In many formal and computational theories of discourse, the QUD is among the elements of a tuple called the conversational scoreboard which represents the current state of the conversation. Craige Roberts introduced the concept of a QUD in 1996 in order to formalize conversational relevance and explain its consequences for information structure and focus marking. It has subsequently become a staple of work in semantics and pragmatics, playing a role in analyses of disparate phenomena including donkey anaphora and presupposition projection.
In linguistics exhaustivity refers to an implicature in which a proposition is strengthened by denying its stronger alternatives. It is a major topic in the linguistic subfields of semantics and pragmatics.
References
- ↑ "Mandy Simons". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ↑ "Alumni | Department of Linguistics". linguistics.cornell.edu. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ↑ University, Carnegie Mellon. "Mandy Simons - Department of Philosophy - Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences - Carnegie Mellon University". www.cmu.edu.
- ↑ "Mandy Simons | Linguistics | University of Pittsburgh". www.linguistics.pitt.edu. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ↑ "Best Paper in Language Award Announced for 2013 | Linguistic Society of America". www.linguisticsociety.org. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
 | This article on a linguist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |