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Ore is natural rock or sediment that contains one or more valuable minerals, typically containing metals, that can be mined, treated and sold at a profit. Ore is extracted from the earth through mining and treated or refined, often via smelting, to extract the valuable metals or minerals. The grade of ore refers to the concentration of the desired material it contains. The value of the metals or minerals a rock contains must be weighed against the cost of extraction to determine whether it is of sufficiently high grade to be worth mining, and is therefore considered an ore.
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the form of magnetite (Fe
3O
4, 72.4% Fe), hematite (Fe
2O
3, 69.9% Fe), goethite (FeO(OH), 62.9% Fe), limonite (FeO(OH)·n(H2O), 55% Fe) or siderite (FeCO3, 48.2% Fe).
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO
3. It is a weakly magnetic black or steel-gray solid. Ilmenite is the most important ore of titanium and the main source of titanium dioxide, which is used in paints, printing inks, fabrics, plastics, paper, sunscreen, food and cosmetics.
Kryvyi Rih is the largest city in central Ukraine and 7th most populous city in the country; 2nd biggest city in the country by area. It lies within a large urban area with approximately one million inhabitants and serves as the administrative center of Kryvyi Rih District (Raion). City’s population at the beginning of 2022 is estimated at 680,000. It hosts the administration of Kryvyi Rih urban community (hromada).
Horishni Plavni is a purpose-built mining city in central Ukraine, located on the left bank of the Dnieper. Horishni Plavni is a city of regional significance of Poltava Oblast, practically conurbated with the larger neighboring city of Kremenchuk. Population: 50,414
Ferrexpo plc is a Swiss-based commodity trading and mining company which is the third largest exporter of iron ore pellets in the world. Ferrexpo's operating base is in central Ukraine, where it operates three iron-ore mines and an iron ore pellet production facility. The company's trading office is located in London where it is listed on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index and FTSE4Good Index.
The mineral industry of Russia is one of the world's leading mineral industries and accounts for a large percentage of the Commonwealth of Independent States' production of a range of mineral products, including metals, industrial minerals, and mineral fuels. In 2005, Russia ranked among the leading world producers or was a significant producer of a vast range of mineral commodities, including aluminum, arsenic, cement, copper, magnesium compounds and metals, nitrogen, palladium, silicon, nickel and vanadium.
Mining is an important industry in Pakistan. Pakistan has deposits of several minerals including coal, copper, gold, chromite, mineral salt, bauxite and several other minerals. There are also a variety of precious and semi-precious minerals that are also mined. These include peridot, aquamarine, topaz, ruby, emerald, rare-earth minerals bastnaesite and xenotime, sphene, tourmaline, and many varieties and types of quartz.
The Avnik mine is a large iron ore mine in Bingöl Province, eastern Turkey, 728 km (452 mi) east of the capital, Ankara.
The Mesa A mine, sometimes also referred to as Waramboo mine, is an iron ore mine located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Pannawonica.
The Hope Downs mine is an iron ore mining complex located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It comprises four large open-pit mines. The mines are co-owned by the Hancock Group and Rio Tinto, and the complex was named after Hope Hancock.
The Yeristovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Yeristovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.19 billion tonnes of ore grading 32% iron metal.
The Belanovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Belanovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.7 billion tonnes of ore grading 31% iron metal. The mine is 2km north of the Yeristovskoye mine and immediately south of the Zarudenskoye mine, both which are also iron deposits owned by Ferrexpo.
The Zarudenskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Zarudenskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.5 billion tonnes of ore grading 31% iron metal. The deposit sits immediately north of the operational Belanovskoye mine, and immediately south of the undeveloped Vasilievskoye mine.
The Vasilievskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Vasilievskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.4 billion tonnes of ore grading 31% iron metal. The deposit sits immediately north of the Zarudenskoye mine, and immediately south of the Kharchenkovskoye mine.
The Kharchenkovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Kharchenkovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 2.8 billion tonnes of ore grading 30% iron metal. The mine sits immediately north of Vasilievskoye mine and immediately south of Manuilovskoye mine.
The Brovarkovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Brovarkovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 4 billion tonnes of ore grading 30% iron metal. The mine sits immediately north of the Manuilovskoye mine.
The Cacova Ierii mine is a large open pit mine in the north-western of Romania in Cluj County. Cacova Ierii represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Romania having estimated reserves of 16.6 million tonnes of ore grading 42% iron metal. The mine has the capability to produce around 415,000 tonnes of iron ore/year.
The Iron Valley mine is a small iron ore mine located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, 75 kilometres (47 mi) northwest of Newman, 270 kilometres (170 mi) south of Port Hedland, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the Yandicoogina mine.
References
- ↑ "JORC resource statements as at 1 January 2013 - Resources" (PDF). ferrexpo.com. 2013. Retrieved 2013-06-17.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ "Northern Deposits". Ferrexpo. 2022-02-18. Retrieved 2022-02-21.