Orbicella annularis, commonly known as the boulder star coral, is a species of coral that lives in the western Atlantic Ocean and is the most thoroughly studied and most abundant species of reef-building coral in the Caribbean to date. It also has a comprehensive fossil record within the Caribbean. This species complex has long been considered a generalist that exists at depths between 0 and 80 meters that grew into varying colony shapes in response to differing light conditions. Only recently with the help of molecular techniques has O. annularis been shown to be a complex of at least three separate species. Those species are divided into O. annularis, O. faveolata, and O. franksi. This coral was originally described as Montastraea annularis.
Mussa is a genus of stony coral in the family Faviidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species Mussa angulosa, commonly known as the spiny or large flower coral. It is found on reefs in shallow waters in the Caribbean Sea, the Bahamas and the Gulf of Mexico.
The Moin Formation is a geologic formation in Costa Rica. It preserves fossils dating back to the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene period.
The Cayo Agua Formation is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Pliocene period.
The Escudo de Veraguas Formation is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Piacenzian to Early Pleistocene period.
The Nancy Point Formation is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene period.
The Shark Hole Point Formation is a geologic formation in Bocas del Toro Province of northwestern Panama. The siltstones preserve fossils dating back to the Pliocene period.
The Chagres Formation (Tc) is a geologic formation in the Colón Province of central Panama. The sandstones and siltstones were deposited in a shallow marine environment and preserve fossils dating back to the Middle to Late Miocene period.
The Gatún Formation (Tg) is a geologic formation in the Colón and Panamá Provinces of central Panama. The formation crops out in and around the Panama Canal Zone. The coastal to marginally marine sandstone, siltstone, claystone, tuff and conglomerate formation dates to the latest Serravallian to Tortonian, from 12 to 8.5 Ma. It preserves many fossils, among others, megalodon teeth have been found in the formation.
The Old Bank Formation is a geologic formation in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. It preserves coral fossils dating back to the Messinian period.
The Tuira Formation is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves bivalve, gastropod and sponge fossils dating back to the Tortonian period, from 11 to 9.5 Ma.
The Isla Colón Formation is an Early Pleistocene geologic formation in the Bocas del Toro Province of northwestern Panama. It preserves coral fossils. The formation, part of the Bocas del Toro Group, comprises limestones and sandstones deposited in a reefal environment.
The Baitoa Formation is a geologic formation in Dominican Republic. The formation consists of siltstones and limestones deposited in a shallow marine to reef environment. The formation, unconformably overlying the Tabera Formation and unconformably overlain by the Cercado Formation, preserves bivalve, gastropod, echinoid and coral fossils dating back to the Burdigalian to Langhian period.
The Cercado Formation is a geologic group in Dominican Republic. The formation comprises siltstones, limestones, claystones, sandstones and conglomerates deposited in a shallow marine to reef environment. The Cercado Formation, unconformably overlying the Baitoa Formation, preserves bivalve, gastropod, decapod and coral fossils dating back to the Late Miocene to Early Pliocene period.
The Nivaje Shale is a geologic group in Dominican Republic. It preserves coral fossils dating back to the Miocene period.
The Río Gurabo Formation is a geologic formation in the northwestern Dominican Republic. The reefal limestone preserves bivalve, gastropod and coral fossils dating back to the Messinian to Zanclean period.
The Manzanilla Formation is a geologic formation in Trinidad and Tobago. It preserves fossils dating back to the Middle Miocene period.
The Brasso Formation is a geologic formation in Trinidad and Tobago. It preserves fossils dating back to the Early Eocene to Serravallian period.
The Onzole Formation is an Early Pliocene geologic formation in the Borbón Basin of northwestern Ecuador. The formation consists of a shallow marine sandstone member containing many fish fossils, among which megalodon, and a deep water member comprising tuffaceous shales and mudstones containing gastropods, bivalves and scaphopods.
Dominican Republic 
