Mariana Yumbay | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Nationality | Ecuador |
| Occupation(s) | judge, negotiator, politician |
| Known for | member of Ecuador's National Assembly |
Mariana Yumbay is a politician, writer and judge in Ecuador. In 2023 she was elected to Ecuador's National Assembly.
Mariana Yumbay | |
|---|---|
| | |
| Nationality | Ecuador |
| Occupation(s) | judge, negotiator, politician |
| Known for | member of Ecuador's National Assembly |
Mariana Yumbay is a politician, writer and judge in Ecuador. In 2023 she was elected to Ecuador's National Assembly.
Yumbay is a Kichita woman from Bolívar Province in Ecuador. She came from a very supportive family who did not see her ethnicity or gender as a bar to becoming successful. [1]
The Indigenous Women's Biodiversity Network was formed in 1998 during COP4. [2] In 2007 Yumbay was lecturing at a university and she was the executive director of the Institute for Indigenous Sciences Pacari. Yumbay was at COP13. [3] She was known as a militant in her province of Bolivar. She noted that the indigenous people had very little to show for the actions of politicians. [4]
She took on the difficult task of negotiating water rights between countries. These rights are not dependent on national boundaries alone but on geography and the history and heritage of the indigenous people who live there. One of her concerns when she was involved in the Binational Commission for Integrated Water Resources Management of Transboundary Waters between Peru and Ecuador was to ensure that the voices of indigenous women were heard. [1] Yumbay was a champion of the power given by the constitution given to traditional justice. Internally territories are allowed to uphold indigenous ideas such as ama llulla, ama killa, ama shwa (not to lie, be lazy or steal). [5]
The President of Ecuador Guillermo Lasso brought in the constitution clause number 148 known as mutual death in May 2023 when he knew that he was about to be impeached. This required all of the existing Ecuador's National Assembly members to stand for re-election. [6] Yumbay was one of the names who returned to contest the new elections. As a former judge of the National Court of Justice this raised some comment. [7]
Henry Kronfle became the President of the re-formed National Assembly of 137 representatives in 2023. At his election there were only nine members who voted against him including Rosa Baltazar, Adriana García, Lucia Posso, Fabiola Sanmartín, Andrea Rivadeneira, Carmen Tiupul, Luzmila Abad and Yumbay. [8] The assembly also formed its commissions including the one on Transparency, Citizen Participation and Social Control. Yumbay was one of those elected together with others including Carmen Tiupul and Lucía Posso. [9]
The politics of Ecuador are multi-party. The central government polity is a quadrennially elected presidential, unicameral representative democracy. The President of Ecuador is head of state and head of the army on a multi-party system, and leads a cabinet with further executive power. Legislative power is not limited to the National Assembly, as it may to a lesser degree be exercised by the executive which consists of the President convening an appointed executive cabinet. Subsequent acts of the National Assembly are supreme over Executive Orders where sufficient votes have been cast by the legislators. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Ecuador is also considered a constitutional republic.
María Fernanda Espinosa Garcés is an Ecuadorian linguist, poet, politician, and diplomat. She served as an advisor on biodiversity and indigenous peoples (1999-2005) and was the regional director for South America (2005-2007) at the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Espinosa Garcés was Ecuador's Minister of Foreign Affairs twice, from 2007 to 2008 and then from 2017 to 2018. She also served as ambassador and permanent representative to the United Nations in New York (2008-2009) and Geneva (2014-2017), and as Ecuador's Minister of National Defense (2012-2014). In June 2018, she was elected President of the United Nations General Assembly for the 73rd session by a two-thirds vote of the member states. Espinosa Garcés became the fourth woman in the seventy-three-year history of the United Nations to be elected President of the General Assembly. Besides her political career, she is also a poet and essayist.
The National Assembly is the unicameral legislature of Ecuador. It replaced the National Congress in 2009 following reforms under the 2008 Constitution. Within Ecuador, the National Assembly has the power to pass laws, while appointment of judges to the National Court of Justice is done by a separate Judicial Council.
Guillermo Alberto Santiago Lasso Mendoza is an Ecuadorian businessman, banker and politician who served as the 47th president of Ecuador from 2021 to 2023. He was the country's first conservative president in nearly two decades, marking a shift in the country's electorate.
Pamela Alejandra Aguirre Zambonino is an Ecuadorian lawyer and politician. In May 2017, she became a Member of the Andean Parliament, by popular election with 2,669,238 votes nationwide.
Yaku Sacha Pérez Guartambel, often simply known as Yaku Pérez, is an Ecuadorian politician and indigenous rights, human rights, and nature's rights activist, who ran for president of the country in the 2021 presidential elections and came third in the first round. He ran for president again in the 2023 elections.
Union for Hope is a political coalition in Ecuador for the 2021 Ecuadorian general election. Political groups from the left-wing participated, with only the Democratic Center Movement being officially on the ballot, to sponsor the presidential candidacy of Andrés Arauz for the 2021 presidential election.
Pazmiño Arregui Mireya Katerine is an Ecuadorian politician representing the province of Bolivar in the National Assembly. She is a member of the Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement – New Country party who has been an independent.
Rebeca Viviana Veloz Ramirez is an Ecuadorian politician who became the President of the National Assembly in October 2024. She represents the Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Province. She led the prosecution of President Guillermo Lasso in the National Assembly. This led to the President resigning and dissolving parliament which then required new elections. Veloz was re-elected and she was Vice President of the Assembly until she became the Assembly's President.
María Vanessa Álava Moreira is an Ecuadorian politician who was elected to Ecuador's National Assembly for the Movimiento Centro Democrático. She was not re-elected in 2023.
Marcela Holguín or Marcela Priscila Holguín Naranjo is an Ecuadorian politician. In 2002 she became the first Vice President of the National Assembly of Ecuador.
Johanna Cecibel Ortiz Villavicencio is an Ecuadorian politician. She has been the governor of Loja and a member of the National Assembly.
Luzmila Mercedes Abad Morocho is an activist and Ecuadorian politician. She is an assembly member for the province of Morona Santiago.
Rosa Cecilia Baltazar Yucailla is an Ecuadorian politician who became a member of the National Assembly in 2023.
Mónica Rosa Irene Palencia Núñez is a lawyer who was born in Mexico and she emigrated as an adult to Ecuador. She became the Ecuadorian Minister of the Interior and a citizen of Ecuador in 2023.
Carmen Tiupul Urquizo is an Ecuadorian politician who serves on the National Assembly representing Chimborazo. She is a member of the Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement – New Country party.
Lucía Posso Naranjo is an Ecuadorian politician who is a member of Ecuador's National Assembly for the province of Imbabura. She has been an Independent politician.
Fabiola Maribel Sanmartín Parra is an Ecuadorian politician who is a member of the National Assembly. She represents the province of Cañar and she is a member of the Pachakutik party.
Adriana Denisse Garcia Mejia is an Ecuadorian politician. She was elected to Ecuador's National Assembly in 2023 and became a member of the Gente Buena movement.
Andrea Yalu Rivadeneira Calderón is an Ecuadorian politician who became a member of Ecuador's National Assembly in 2023.
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