Marilyn Kozak

Last updated
Marilyn S. Kozak
Born (1943-07-08) July 8, 1943 (age 82)
Akron, Ohio, US
Alma mater Johns Hopkins University
Known for Kozak consensus sequence
Scientific career
Fields Microbiology
Institutions Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
Doctoral advisor Daniel Nathans
Other academic advisors Aaron Shatkin

Marilyn S. Kozak is an American professor of biochemistry at the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. She was previously at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey before the school was merged. She was awarded a PhD in microbiology by Johns Hopkins University studying the synthesis of the Bacteriophage MS2, advised by Daniel Nathans. [1] [2]

Contents

Kozak sought to study the mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation, a problem long thought to have already been solved by Joan Steitz. [3] While in the Department of Biological Sciences at University of Pittsburgh, she published a series of studies that established the scanning model of translation initiation and the Kozak consensus sequence. [4] [5] [6] Her last publication was in 2008. [7]

Recognition

Kozak was listed as one of the top 10 Women Scientists of the 80's in an article published by The Scientist. This was awarded based on the number of citations for their published work between 1981-1988. During this time, Kozak had 3,107 citations. [4] Her most cited work was from 1984, entitled "Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs". This paper highlighted the research that brought the known cellular mRNAs from 32 to 166. [8]

Controversy

In March 2001, Kozak published a mini-review in the Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biology entitled "New Ways of Initiating Translation in Eukaryotes?" that resulted in push-back from the scientific community. [9] In her publication, Kozak discussed her hesitation towards the role of cellular internal ribosome entry sites (IRES). This was most heavily refuted by Robert Schneider, who published a response article of the same name in the same Journal in December 2001. [10] In this response, Schneider claimed that in publishing her mini-review, Kozak hoped to increase the validity of her own findings. He further stated that Kozak's publication was not up to scholarly standards and should not have been accepted into the Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biology. [10] The existence of cellular IRESes remains controversial. [11] [12] [13]

Contributions

Along with her published work, Kozak has contributed to the scientific community with her role on the editorial board for the Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biology. She has been listed intermittently as an editor between the years 1983-1991. [14] [15] [16]

Selected works

This is a selection of Kozak's work but not a complete list.

Further reading

References

  1. ↑ Kozak, M; Nathans, D (March 1972). "Translation of the genome of a ribonucleic acid bacteriophage". Bacteriological Reviews. 36 (1): 109–34. doi:10.1128/MMBR.36.1.109-134.1972. PMC   378432 . PMID   4555183.
  2. ↑ Kozak, M; Nathans, D (14 September 1972). "Differential inhibition of coliphage MS2 protein synthesis by ribosome-directed antibiotics". Journal of Molecular Biology. 70 (1): 41–55. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(72)90162-3. PMID   4561347.
  3. ↑ Kozak, Marilyn (4 October 1993). "Identifying AUG Initiator Codons" (PDF). Citation Classic Commentaries. 36 (40). Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  4. 1 2 Grissom, Abigail (15 October 1990). "Research: Top 10 Women Scientists Of The '80s: Making A Difference". The Scientist. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  5. 1 2 Kozak, M (26 October 1987). "An analysis of 5'-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 15 (20): 8125–48. doi:10.1093/nar/15.20.8125. PMC   306349 . PMID   3313277.
  6. ↑ Kozak, M (31 January 1986). "Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes". Cell. 44 (2): 283–92. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90762-2. PMID   3943125. S2CID   15613863.
  7. 1 2 Kozak, Marilyn (2008-11-01). "Faulty old ideas about translational regulation paved the way for current confusion about how microRNAs function". Gene. 423 (2): 108–115. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2008.07.013. ISSN   0378-1119. PMID   18692553.
  8. ↑ Kozak, Marilyn (1984-01-25). "Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 12 (2): 857–872. doi:10.1093/nar/12.2.857. ISSN   0305-1048. PMC   318541 . PMID   6694911.
  9. ↑ Kozak, Marilyn (2001-03-15). "New Ways of Initiating Translation in Eukaryotes?". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (6): 1899–1907. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.6.1899-1907.2001. ISSN   0270-7306. PMC   86772 . PMID   11238926.
  10. 1 2 Schneider, Robert (2001). "New Ways of Initiating Translation in Eukaryotes?". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (23): 8238–8246. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8238-8246.2001. ISSN   0270-7306. PMC   99989 . PMID   11710333.
  11. ↑ Bert, Andrew (2006). "Assessing IRES activity in the HIF-1alpha and other cellular 5' UTRs". RNA. 12 (6): 1074–1083. doi:10.1261/rna.2320506. PMC   1464860 . PMID   16601206.
  12. ↑ Jackson, Richard (2013). "The Current Status of Vertebrate Cellular mRNA IRESs". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 5 (2) a011569. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011569. PMC   3552511 . PMID   23378589.
  13. ↑ Yang, Yun (2019). "TIRES-mediated cap-independent translation, a path leading to hidden proteome". Journal of Molecular Cell Biology. 11 (10): 911–919. doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjz091. PMC   6884710 . PMID   31504667.
  14. ↑ Template:Cite journalpdf/molcellb00160-0003.pdf
  15. ↑ "Molecular and Cellular Biology Editorial Board" (PDF). Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biology. 1988.
  16. ↑ "Molecular and Cellular Biology Editorial Board" (PDF). Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biology. 1991.
  17. ↑ Kozak, M. (1991-11-15). "An analysis of vertebrate mRNA sequences: intimations of translational control". The Journal of Cell Biology. 115 (4): 887–903. doi:10.1083/jcb.115.4.887. ISSN   0021-9525. PMC   2289952 . PMID   1955461.
  18. ↑ Kozak, M. (1986-05-01). "Influences of mRNA secondary structure on initiation by eukaryotic ribosomes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 83 (9): 2850–2854. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.2850K. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.9.2850 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   323404 . PMID   3458245.
  19. ↑ Kozak, Marilyn (1987-08-20). "At least six nucleotides preceding the AUG initiator codon enhance translation in mammalian cells". Journal of Molecular Biology. 196 (4): 947–950. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(87)90418-9. ISSN   0022-2836. PMID   3681984.
  20. ↑ Kozak, Marilyn (January 1986). "Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes". Cell. 44 (2): 283–292. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90762-2. ISSN   0092-8674. PMID   3943125. S2CID   15613863.
  21. ↑ Kozak, Marilyn (1981-10-24). "Possible role of flanking nucleotides in recognition of the AUG initiator codon by eukaryotic ribosomes". Nucleic Acids Research. 9 (20): 5233–5252. doi:10.1093/nar/9.20.5233. ISSN   0305-1048. PMC   327517 . PMID   7301588.
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