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This is a list of notable events in the history of LGBT rights that took place in the year 2005.
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Vermont since September 1,2009. Vermont was the first state to introduce civil unions on July 1,2000,and the first state to introduce same-sex marriage by enacting a statute without being required to do so by a court decision. Same-sex marriage became legal earlier as the result of court decisions,not legislation,in four states:Massachusetts,California,Connecticut,and Iowa.
Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in New Jersey since October 21,2013,the effective date of a trial court ruling invalidating the state's restriction of marriage to persons of different sexes. In September 2013,Mary C. Jacobson,Assignment Judge of the Mercer Vicinage of the Superior Court,ruled that as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court's June 2013 decision in United States v. Windsor,the Constitution of New Jersey requires the state to recognize same-sex marriages. The Windsor decision held that the federal government was required to provide the same benefits to same-sex couples who were married under state law as to other married couples. Therefore,the state court reasoned in Garden State Equality v. Dow that,because same-sex couples in New Jersey were limited to civil unions,which are not recognized as marriages under federal law,the state must permit civil marriage for same-sex couples. This ruling,in turn,relied on the 2006 decision of the New Jersey Supreme Court in Lewis v. Harris that the state was constitutionally required to afford the rights and benefits of marriage to same-sex couples. The Supreme Court had ordered the New Jersey Legislature to correct the constitutional violation,by permitting either same-sex marriage or civil unions with all the rights and benefits of marriage,within 180 days. In response,the Legislature passed a bill to legalize civil unions on December 21,2006,which became effective on February 19,2007.
William J. Lippert,Jr.,commonly known as Bill Lippert,is a legislator and gay rights activist from the U.S. state of Vermont who has served since 1994 in the Vermont House of Representatives as state representative of the Town of Hinesburg. He served as chairman of the House Judiciary Committee for ten years,and now serves as chairman of the House Health Care Committee.
This article contains a timeline of significant events regarding same-sex marriage and legal recognition of same-sex couples worldwide. It begins with the history of same-sex unions during ancient times,which consisted of unions ranging from informal and temporary relationships to highly ritualized unions,and continues to modern-day state-recognized same-sex marriage. Events concerning same-sex marriages becoming legal in a country or in a country's state are listed in bold.
The politics of Vermont encompass the acts of the elected legislative bodies of the US state,the actions of its governors,as overseen by the Vermont courts,and the acts of the political parties that vie for elective power within the state. The state's politics include local Democratic and Republican political parties,as well as several smaller parties.
Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in Rhode Island since August 1,2013. The state had authorized a limited form of domestic partnerships from 2002 to 2011 and the formation of civil unions from 2011 until the state began recognizing same-sex marriages in 2013. Rhode Island was the last U.S. state in New England to legalize same-sex marriage.
Same-sex marriage has been legal in New Hampshire since January 1,2010,based on legislation signed into law by Governor John Lynch on June 3,2009. The law provided that civil unions,which the state had established on January 1,2008,would be converted to marriages on January 1,2011,unless dissolved,annulled,or converted to marriage before that date.
Peter Elliott Shumlin is an American politician from Vermont. A member of the Democratic Party,he served as the 81st governor of Vermont from 2011 to 2017.
This is a list of notable events in the history of LGBT rights that took place in the year 2009.
Same-sex marriage has been legally recognized in Maine since December 29,2012. A bill for the legalization of same-sex marriages was approved by voters,53–47 percent,on November 6,2012,as Maine,Maryland and Washington became the first U.S. states to legalize same-sex marriage by popular vote. Election results were certified by the Maine Secretary of State's office and the Governor of Maine,Paul LePage,on November 29.
Philip Brian Scott is an American politician,businessman,and stock car racer who has been the 82nd governor of Vermont since 2017. A member of the Republican Party,he was a representative for the Washington District in the Vermont Senate from 2001 to 2011 and the 81st lieutenant governor from 2011 to 2017.
The establishment of lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) rights in the U.S. state of Vermont is a recent occurrence,with most progress having taken place in the late 20th and the early 21st centuries. Vermont was one of 37 U.S. states,along with the District of Columbia,that issued marriage licenses to same-sex couples until the landmark Supreme Court ruling of Obergefell v. Hodges, establishing equal marriage rights for same-sex couples nationwide.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) people in the U.S. state of Hawaii enjoy the same rights as non-LGBT people. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1973;Hawaii being one of the first six states to legalize it. In 1993,a ruling by the Hawaiʻi Supreme Court made Hawaii the first state to consider legalizing same-sex marriage. Following the approval of the Hawaii Marriage Equality Act in November 2013,same-sex couples have been allowed to marry on the islands. Additionally,Hawaii law prohibits discrimination on the basis of both sexual orientation and gender identity,and the use of conversion therapy on minors has been banned since July 2018. Gay and lesbian couples enjoy the same rights,benefits and treatment as opposite-sex couples,including the right to marry and adopt.
In 2011,the Vermont state government enacted a law functionally establishing the first state-level single-payer health care system in the United States. Green Mountain Care,established by the passage of H.202,creates a system in the state where Vermonters receive universal health care coverage as well as technological improvements to the existing system.
The 2014 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on November 4,2014,to elect the Governor of Vermont,concurrently with elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic Governor Peter Shumlin ran for reelection to a third term in office against Republican businessman Scott Milne,Libertarian businessman Dan Feliciano and several other minor party and independent candidates.
The Marriage Equality Act is a 2009 Vermont state law which legalized the officiating of marriages between same-sex couples in the state. The law went into effect on September 1,2009. Vermont became the fourth state to legalize same-sex marriage,the first to do so by legislation rather than a court ruling.
Cannabis in Vermont as of May 2004 is legal for medical use,and legal for recreational use as of July 1,2018.
Rebecca A. Balint is an American politician who is a member of the United States House of Representatives from Vermont's at-large congressional district as a member of the Democratic Party. She served as a member of the Vermont Senate from Windham County from 2015 to 2023,as majority leader from 2017 to 2021,and as president pro tempore from 2021 to 2023.
Alison Hudnut Clarkson is an American theatrical producer and politician. She has been the majority leader of the Vermont Senate since 2021,representing the Windsor district as a member of the Democratic Party. Before entering the state senate,she served in the Vermont House of Representatives from the Windsor 5th district from 2005 to 2017.
References
- ↑ "Representative Mark Larson". Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
- ↑ "Legal Marriage Court Cases — A Timeline". www.buddybuddy.com. Retrieved August 7, 2022.
- ↑ Porter, Louis (February 6, 2009). "Vt. House to introduce same-sex marriage bill". Rutland Herald. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009. Retrieved February 7, 2009.
- 1 2 3 4 "S.115". Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
- ↑ Goodnough, Abby (March 25, 2009). "Gay Marriage in Vermont Faces Veto by Governor". New York Times. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ↑ Gram, Dave (April 3, 2009). "Vt. House advances bill for gay marriage". Boston Globe. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ↑ "Governor Vetoes Same-Sex Marriage Bill". Local Vermont News. April 6, 2009. Archived from the original on January 9, 2014. Retrieved August 6, 2013.
- ↑ Gram, Dave (April 7, 2009). "Vermont Legalizes Gay Marriage, Overrides Governor's Veto". Huffington Post. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ↑ Abel, David (April 8, 2009). "Vermont legalizes same-sex marriage". Boston Globe. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Project VoteSmart: H 202 - SINGLE-PAYER AND UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM - KEY VOTE.
- ↑ H. 202
- ↑ "Vt. Senate approves single-payer plan". Wcax.com. 2011-04-26. Archived from the original on 2012-03-09. Retrieved 2014-12-29.
- ↑ H. 202 conference report.
- ↑ American Medical News: Vermont approves universal health program. Archived March 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine May 16, 2011.
- ↑ Owen Dyer (January 10, 2014). "US Health Reforms: America's first single payer system". BMJ. 348: g102. doi:10.1136/bmj.g102. PMID 24415734. S2CID 5142801. Archived from the original on January 10, 2014.
- ↑ "Governor abandons single-payer health care plan" Archived July 1, 2017, at the Wayback Machine , Associated Press, December 17, 2014
- ↑ Kinzel, Bob (2013-10-04). "Vermont Health Connect Gets I.R.S. Certification". Vermont Public Radio. Retrieved 2018-03-23.
- ↑ McCullum, April (2015-01-20). "VT Health Connect official Larson to resign". Burlington Free Press. Retrieved 2018-03-23.
- ↑ Boronski, Tyler (February 15, 2024). "'Dems for Emma' unity event highlights Democrats support for Progressive Burlington mayoral candidate Emma Mulvaney-Stanak". WPTZ . Retrieved February 19, 2024.
- ↑ "Larson, Mark". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 19, 2024.