Related Research Articles
Albert-László Barabási is a Romanian-born Hungarian-American physicist, best known for his discoveries in network science and network medicine.
In the context of network theory, a complex network is a graph (network) with non-trivial topological features—features that do not occur in simple networks such as lattices or random graphs but often occur in networks representing real systems. The study of complex networks is a young and active area of scientific research inspired largely by empirical findings of real-world networks such as computer networks, biological networks, technological networks, brain networks, climate networks and social networks.
In the study of complex networks, a network is said to have community structure if the nodes of the network can be easily grouped into sets of nodes such that each set of nodes is densely connected internally. In the particular case of non-overlapping community finding, this implies that the network divides naturally into groups of nodes with dense connections internally and sparser connections between groups. But overlapping communities are also allowed. The more general definition is based on the principle that pairs of nodes are more likely to be connected if they are both members of the same community(ies), and less likely to be connected if they do not share communities. A related but different problem is community search, where the goal is to find a community that a certain vertex belongs to.
Mark Newman is an English–American physicist and Anatol Rapoport Distinguished University Professor of Physics at the University of Michigan, as well as an external faculty member of the Santa Fe Institute. He is known for his fundamental contributions to the fields of complex networks and complex systems, for which he was awarded the 2014 Lagrange Prize.
An ecological network is a representation of the biotic interactions in an ecosystem, in which species (nodes) are connected by pairwise interactions (links). These interactions can be trophic or symbiotic. Ecological networks are used to describe and compare the structures of real ecosystems, while network models are used to investigate the effects of network structure on properties such as ecosystem stability.
Modularity is a measure of the structure of networks or graphs which measures the strength of division of a network into modules. Networks with high modularity have dense connections between the nodes within modules but sparse connections between nodes in different modules. Modularity is often used in optimization methods for detecting community structure in networks. Biological networks, including animal brains, exhibit a high degree of modularity. However, modularity maximization is not statistically consistent, and finds communities in its own null model, i.e. fully random graphs, and therefore it cannot be used to find statistically significant community structures in empirical networks. Furthermore, it has been shown that modularity suffers a resolution limit and, therefore, it is unable to detect small communities.
Dirk Brockmann is a German physicist and Professor at the Institute for Biology at Humboldt University of Berlin and the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin. Brockmann is known for his work in complex systems, complex networks, computational epidemiology, human mobility and anomalous diffusion.
Human dynamics refer to a branch of complex systems research in statistical physics such as the movement of crowds and queues and other systems of complex human interactions including statistical modelling of human networks, including interactions over communications networks.
Maya Paczuski is the head and founder of the Complexity Science Group at the University of Calgary. She is a well-cited physicist whose work spans self-organized criticality, avalanche dynamics, earthquake, and complex networks. She was born in Israel in 1963, but grew up in the United States. Maya Paczuski received a B.S. and M.S. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from M.I.T. in 1986 and then went on to study with Mehran Kardar, earning her Ph.D in Condensed matter physics from the same institute.
Monica Olvera de la Cruz is a Mexican born, American and French soft-matter theorist who is the Lawyer Taylor Professor of Materials Science and Engineering and Professor of Chemistry, and by courtesy Professor of Physics and Astronomy and of Chemical and Biological Engineering, at Northwestern University.
Luís A. N. Amaral is a Portuguese physicist recognized for his research in complex systems and complex networks. His specific research interests include the emergence, evolution, and stability of complex social and biological systems. He is best known for his work in network classification and cartographic methods for uncovering the organization of complex networks. He is currently professor at McCormick School of Engineering and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University.
Filippo Menczer is an American and Italian academic. He is a University Distinguished Professor and the Luddy Professor of Informatics and Computer Science at the Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University. Menczer is the Director of the Observatory on Social Media, a research center where data scientists and journalists study the role of media and technology in society and build tools to analyze and counter disinformation and manipulation on social media. Menczer holds courtesy appointments in Cognitive Science and Physics, is a founding member and advisory council member of the IU Network Science Institute, a former director the Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research, a senior research fellow of the Kinsey Institute, a fellow of the Center for Computer-Mediated Communication, and a former fellow of the Institute for Scientific Interchange in Turin, Italy. In 2020 he was named a Fellow of the ACM.
The Erdős–Rényi Prize of the Network Science Society is named for Paul Erdős and Alfréd Rényi. This international prize is awarded annually in a special ceremony at the International Conference on Network Science to an outstanding early-career researcher in the field of network science.
Air transport network or air transportation network (ATN) is an example of transport networks and spatial networks. The nodes of the network are the airports and the links represent direct flight routes between two airports. Alternatively, cities can be considered as the nodes with links representing direct flight connection between them. Air transport networks can be defined worldwide as well as for one region or for one airline company; the scale of the network can be global or domestic.
Raymond Ethan Goldstein FRS FInstP is Schlumberger Professor of Complex Physical Systems in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP) at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge.
Jukka-Pekka Onnela is a Finnish statistical network scientist. He is an Associate Professor of Biostatistics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Director of the Health Data Science Program. Onnela is known for his pioneering research using cell phone data in network science. He was awarded the NIH Director's New Innovator Award in 2013 for his work in digital phenotyping.
Raissa M. D'Souza is the Associate Dean of Research for the College of Engineering and a Professor of Computer Science and Mechanical Engineering at the University of California, Davis as well as an External Professor and member of the Science Board at the Santa Fe Institute. She was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2016 and Fellow of the Network Science Society in 2019. D'Souza works on theory and complex systems.
Florent Krzakala is a French physicist and applied mathematician, currently a professor at EPFL. His research focuses on the resolution of theoretical problems in physics, computer science, machine learning, statistics and signal processing using mathematical tools inspired by the field of statistical physics.
Manlio De Domenico is an Italian physicist and complex systems scientist, currently Professor of Physics at the University of Padua and previously at the Fondazione Bruno Kessler in Trento (Italy). In 2014 he has co-founded the Mediterranean School of Complex Networks, and in 2019 he has contributed to found the Italian Chapter of the Complex Systems Society.
Roberta Sinatra is an Italian scientist and associate professor at the IT University of Copenhagen. She is known for her work in network science and conducts research on quantifying success in science.
References
- ↑ Marta Sales Pardo Discusses Complex Systems & Network Science, SAGE Research Methods, retrieved 2020-12-13
- ↑ Marta Sales-Pardo, Science and Engineering of Emerging Systems Lab, retrieved 2020-12-13
- ↑ Marta Sales-Pardo, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, retrieved 2020-12-13
- ↑ Marta Sales-Pardo, Northwestern University, retrieved 2020-12-13
- ↑ Guimera, Roger; Sales-Pardo, Marta (August 19, 2004), "Modularity from fluctuations in random graphs and complex networks", Physical Review, 70 (2): 025101, arXiv: cond-mat/0403660 , Bibcode:2004PhRvE..70b5101G, doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.70.025101, PMC 2441765 , PMID 15447530
- ↑ Guimera, Roger; Sales-Pardo, Marta (2009), "Missing and spurious interactions and the reconstruction of complex networks", PNAS, 106 (52): 22073–22078, arXiv: 1004.4791 , Bibcode:2009PNAS..10622073G, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0908366106 , PMC 2799723 , PMID 20018705, S2CID 47399
- ↑ Sales-Pardo, Marta; Guimera, Roger (2007), "Extracting the hierarchical organization of complex systems", PNAS, 104 (39): 15224–9, arXiv: 0705.1679 , Bibcode:2007PNAS..10415224S, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0703740104 , PMC 2000510 , PMID 17881571
- ↑ The Network Science Society recognises the research on networks of the physicist Marta Sales Pardo, University of Rovira i Virgili, 12 July 2021, retrieved 2022-02-26
