Marxist Unification Movement Moviment d'Unificació Marxista | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1976 |
| Dissolved | 1978 |
| Merger of | Collectiu de Combat and Collectiu Català d'Alliberament |
| Headquarters | Barcelona |
| Ideology | Socialism Catalanism Catalan independence Anti-fascism Marxism Països Catalans |
| Political position | Left-wing |
| Colors | Red Yellow |
Marxist Unification Movement (in Catalan: Moviment d'Unificació Marxista) was a political group in Catalonia, Spain. MUM was founded in 1977, during the Spanish transition to democracy, by a group that had left the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) in 1976 and the Col·lectiu Combat, a splinter group of the Catalan National Front (FNC). [1]
Catalan is a Western Romance language derived from Vulgar Latin and named after the medieval Principality of Catalonia, in northeastern modern Spain. It is the only official language of Andorra, and a co-official language of the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Valencia. It also has semi-official status in the Italian commune of Alghero. It is also spoken in the eastern strip of Aragon, in some villages of Region of Murcia called Carche and in the Pyrénées-Orientales department of France. These territories are often called Països Catalans or "Catalan Countries".
Catalonia is an autonomous community in Spain on the northeastern corner of the Iberian Peninsula, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy. Catalonia consists of four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city is Barcelona, the second-most populated municipality in Spain and the core of the sixth most populous urban area in the European Union. It comprises most of the territory of the former Principality of Catalonia. It is bordered by France (Occitanie) and Andorra to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Spanish autonomous communities of Aragon to the west and Valencia to the south. The official languages are Catalan, Spanish, and the Aranese dialect of Occitan.
Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make Spain the only European country to have a physical border with an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are also part of Spanish territory. The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
MUM differed from other radical Catalan separatists in its willingness to participate in the Spanish electoral process. In the 1977 elections, MUM formed part of the Popular Unity Candidature for Socialism (Candidatura d'Unitat Popular cap el Socialisme), which launched Salvador Casanova as its main candidate. After the elections, MUM merged with the Party of Labour of Catalonia (PTC) and formed the Catalan Workers Bloc (BCT).
A common definition of separatism is that it is the advocacy of a state of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group. While it often refers to full political secession, separatist groups may seek nothing more than greater autonomy. While some critics may equate separatism with religious segregation, racist segregation, or sexist segregation, most separatists argue that separation by choice may serve useful purposes and is not the same as government-enforced segregation. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to secessionism, as has been discussed online.
The Party of Labour of Catalonia was a communist party in Catalonia, Spain. PTC was formed in 1979 following a split from the Party of Labour of Spain (PTE). The leader of PTC was Joan Sánchez Carreté.
