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References
- ↑ Newitt, Malyn (24 May 2018), "Southern Zambezia States and Indian Ocean Trade, 1450–1900", Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History, doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-289, ISBN 978-0-19-027773-4 , retrieved 22 December 2024
- ↑ Bhila, Hoyini (1992). "Southern Zambezi". General History of Africa: Volume 5. UNESCO Publishing. Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Alpers, Edward A. (1970), "Dynasties of the Mutapa-Rozwi Complex", The Journal of African History, vol. 11, no. 2, Cambridge University Press, pp. 203–220, doi:10.1017/S0021853700009944, JSTOR 180317
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