Academic career
Mollapour completed his postdoctoral research at the University of Sheffield and in 2006 he received the Federation of European Societies (FEBS) fellowship. [1]
He joined the laboratory of Dr Len Neckers in Urological Oncology Branch, (Chief Dr. W. Marston Linehan), at the National Cancer Institute as a research fellow in 2007. [2]
In 2013 he joined the Department of Urology at the Upstate Medical University as an assistant professor. He became the Director of the Kidney Cancer Program within the same department in 2015. [1]
In 2018 he became the Professor of Urology and Adjunct Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at SUNY Upstate Medical University. He was also named the Vice Chair for Translational Research for the Department of Urology in the same year. [2] Mollapour was elected president of the Cell Stress Society International in 2023 and began his term in 2025. [3] Mollapour's h-index is 49, based on almost 10,000 citations. [4]
Molecular Chaperones
Mollapour is widely recognized for his research on post-translation regulation of the molecular chaperone Heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) [5] [6] and co-chaperones in cancer. His work demonstrated how reversible biochemical reactions can become directional and ordered, and in general, how a house-keeping machine (Hsp90) can be modulated through signaling inputs and consequently regulating many cellular pathways such cell cycle, steroid hormone receptor and autophagy. [7] [8] [9]
Mollapour's finding on canonical and non-canonical post-translational modifications of the Hsp90 chaperone machinery has also explained the reasons for tumors sensitivity and selectivity towards the Hsp90 inhibitors. [10] [6] [11]
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome (BHD)
Mollapour's laboratory has discovered the tumor suppressor TSC1 and FNIPs function as the new co-chaperones of Hsp90. [12] [13] [14] [15] These two proteins are involved in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome (BHD) syndromes respectively. His research has identified a cross-talk between these two co-chaperones and demonstrated interconnectivity and compensatory mechanisms between the BHD and TSC pathways. [6]
Kidney Cancer
Mutations and loss of function of the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene play a causal role in the pathogenesis of clear cell renal carcinomas (ccRCC), a pathological subtype that accounts for the majority kidney cancer each year. Mollapour work has shown that VHL ubiquitinates protein phosphatase-5 (PP5) for proteasomal degradation in a hypoxia- and prolyl-hydroxylation-independent manner. VHL-deficient ccRCC cell lines and patient tumors exhibit elevated PP5 levels. Downregulation of PP5 causes activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in ccRCC cells, suggesting a prosurvival role for PP5 in kidney cancer cancer cells, regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitination. [16] [17] [18] Building on this foundation, Mollapour's team developed a selective PP5 inhibitor, demonstrating its ability to activate the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in kidney cancer cells by disrupting complex II. These findings not only elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying kidney cancer progression but also present potential new therapeutic strategies for treatment. [19]
Mollapour's research group has been supported by grants from the National Institutes for General Medical Science and the National Cancer Institute and US Department of Veterans Affairs to design and examine novel therapeutic strategies for patients with kidney, bladder and breast cancer.
Aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, also known as the "Warburg effect", is driven by hyperactivity of lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA). Mollapour's team has identified the human tumor suppressor folliculin (FLCN) as a binding partner and uncompetitive inhibitor of LDHA. Their work has provided a new paradigm for the regulation of glycolysis. Cancer cells that experience the Warburg effect show FLCN dissociation from LDHA. Mollapour's lab has shown that treatment of these cancer cells with a decapeptide derived from the FLCN loop region caused cell death, therefore providing a new avenue for targeted therapy in these cancers. [20] [21]
Kidney Cancer Patient Advocacy
Mollapour is actively involved in kidney cancer patient advocacy. He serves on the scientific advisory panel for KidneyCAN, a patient-created and patient-driven movement dedicated to accelerating cures for kidney cancer. [22] Mollapour's commitment to rare kidney cancer research is further exemplified by his membership on the Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) Science Advisory Board. This board is part of the Myrovlytis Trust, a UK charity founded in 2007 to promote research into rare conditions and advance public education in medical and molecular genetics.
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