Michael Joyner

Last updated
Michael Joyner
Born
Michael Joseph Joyner
Education University of Arizona
Known for Exercise physiology
AwardsCitation Award from the American College of Sports Medicine (2009) Walter B. Cannon Award from the American Physiological Society (2013) Honor Award from the American College of Sports Medicine (2023) Honor Award from the Environmental & Exercise Physiology Section of the American Physiological Society (2023)
Scientific career
Fields Anesthesiology
Physiology
Institutions Mayo Clinic

Michael Joseph Joyner is an American anesthesiologist and physiologist who researches exercise physiology. [1] During the COVID-19 Pandemic, he repurposed his lab and led the US Convalescent Plasma Program. [2]

Contents

Early life and education

Joyner was born in Lafayette, Louisiana in 1958. His family moved to Tucson, Arizona, in 1961, where his father (Conrad) was a faculty member at the University of Arizona and a local politician. [3] Joyner graduated from Rincon High School in 1976 and attended the University of Arizona for both his undergraduate and medical degrees. [4] During his time as an undergraduate, he was a distance runner on the track and cross-country teams with a marathon best time of 2:25:44. His interest in physiology and biomedical research began in 1977 when he was recruited to participate as a subject in a study on lactic acid and distance running performance. [5] After medical school, he received residency training in anesthesiology at the Mayo Clinic. [4] Formative mentors and collaborators include professors Eddie Coyle, Jack Wilmore, John Holloszy, Douglas Stuart, Doug Seals, Roger Enoka, Jim Hagberg, Marlys Witte, Jerry Dempsey, Kai Rehder, and John Shepherd. [6]

Career

Joyner is currently the Frank R. and Shari Caywood Professor of Anesthesiology at the Mayo Clinic, where his laboratory has been funded continuously by the National Institutes of Health since 1993. [7] [8] He was Deputy Director and Associate Dean for Research at the Mayo Clinic from 2005 to 2010. He was named a Distinguished Investigator by his colleagues at the Mayo Clinic in 2010, and he received the American Physiological Society’s Walter B. Cannon Award in 2013. [9] A fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), he delivered the Joseph B. Wolffe Memorial Lecture at the ACSM's 2004 annual meeting, received the ACSM Citation Award in 2009, and delivered the opening keynote at their 2018 Conference on Integrative Physiology of Exercise. [10]

In 2021, his convalescent plasma team was awarded a BARDA Medal for their contributions during the pandemic. [4] In 2023, Joyner received the Honor Award from the EEP section of the American Physiological Society; he also received the Honor Award from the American College of Sports Medicine. [11] In addition to his work on exercise physiology and human performance, Joyner is interested in sex differences and blood pressure regulation, [12] thermoregulation, [13] hypoxia, [14] blood loss, [15] passive immunity, [16] and pandemic preparedness. [17] More than 25 of Joyner’s research fellows now direct independent research programs at major research institutions. [18]

An outspoken critic of reductionism in science and medicine, [9] [19] he has been called "one of the world's most widely cited experts on the limits of human performance." [20] Joyner is also a fierce defender of academic freedom and the ability of scientists to share their opinions and knowledge without fear in the public square. [21]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dehydration</span> Deficit of total body water

In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes. It occurs when free water loss exceeds free water intake, usually due to exercise, disease, or high environmental temperature. Mild dehydration can also be caused by immersion diuresis, which may increase risk of decompression sickness in divers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mayo Clinic</span> American academic medical center

Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit American academic medical center focused on integrated health care, education, and research. It employs over 7,300 physicians and scientists, along with another 66,000 administrative and allied health staff, across three major campuses: Rochester, Minnesota; Jacksonville, Florida; and Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona. The practice specializes in treating difficult cases through tertiary care and destination medicine. It is home to the top-15 ranked Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine in addition to many of the highest regarded residency education programs in the United States. It spends over $660 million a year on research and has more than 3,000 full-time research personnel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aerobic exercise</span> Low to high intensity physical exercise

Aerobic exercise is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. "Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism adequately. Aerobic exercise is performed by repeating sequences of light-to-moderate intensity activities for extended periods of time. Examples of cardiovascular or aerobic exercise are medium- to long-distance running or jogging, swimming, cycling, stair climbing and walking.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carbohydrate loading</span> Dietic strategy in preparation for athletic endurance events

Carbohydrate loading, commonly referred to as carb-loading, or carbo-loading, is a strategy used by endurance athletes, such as marathoners and triathletes, to maximize the storage of glycogen in the muscles and liver.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lymph</span> Fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system

Lymph is the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system, a system composed of lymph vessels (channels) and intervening lymph nodes whose function, like the venous system, is to return fluid from the tissues to be recirculated. At the origin of the fluid-return process, interstitial fluid—the fluid between the cells in all body tissues—enters the lymph capillaries. This lymphatic fluid is then transported via progressively larger lymphatic vessels through lymph nodes, where substances are removed by tissue lymphocytes and circulating lymphocytes are added to the fluid, before emptying ultimately into the right or the left subclavian vein, where it mixes with central venous blood.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exercise physiology</span>

Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions, and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise professionals and utilise education, lifestyle intervention and specific forms of exercise to rehabilitate and manage acute and chronic injuries and conditions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diving reflex</span> The physiological responses to immersion of air-breathing vertebrates

The diving reflex, also known as the diving response and mammalian diving reflex, is a set of physiological responses to immersion that overrides the basic homeostatic reflexes, and is found in all air-breathing vertebrates studied to date. It optimizes respiration by preferentially distributing oxygen stores to the heart and brain, enabling submersion for an extended time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypotension</span> Abnormally low blood pressure

Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood and is indicated by two numbers, the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure, which are the maximum and minimum blood pressures within the cardiac cycle, respectively. A systolic blood pressure of less than 90 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or diastolic of less than 60 mmHg is generally considered to be hypotension. Different numbers apply to children. However, in practice, blood pressure is considered too low only if noticeable symptoms are present.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpha cell</span> Glucagon secreting cell

Alpha cells (α-cells) are endocrine cells that are found in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Alpha cells secrete the peptide hormone glucagon in order to increase glucose levels in the blood stream.

V̇O2 max (also maximal oxygen consumption, maximal oxygen uptake or maximal aerobic capacity) is the maximum rate of oxygen consumption attainable during physical exertion. The name is derived from three abbreviations: "V̇" for volume (the dot over the V indicates "per unit of time" in Newton's notation), "O2" for oxygen, and "max" for maximum and usually normalized per kilogram of body mass. A similar measure is V̇O2 peak (peak oxygen consumption), which is the measurable value from a session of physical exercise, be it incremental or otherwise. It could match or underestimate the actual V̇O2 max. Confusion between the values in older and popular fitness literature is common. The capacity of the lung to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide is constrained by the rate of blood oxygen transport to active tissue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Effects of high altitude on humans</span> Environmental effects on physiology and mental health

The effects of high altitude on humans are mostly the consequences of reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere. The medical problems that are direct consequence of high altitude are caused by the low inspired partial pressure of oxygen, which is caused by the reduced atmospheric pressure, and the constant gas fraction of oxygen in atmospheric air over the range in which humans can survive. The other major effect of altitude is due to lower ambient temperature.

Exercise prescription commonly refers to the specific plan of fitness-related activities that are designed for a specified purpose, which is often developed by a fitness or rehabilitation, or Exercise medicine specialist for the client or patient. Due to the specific and unique needs and interests of the client/patient, the goal of exercise prescription should focus on motivation and customization, thus making achieving goals more likely to become successful. Exercise prescription should take into account the patient's medical history, and a pre-examination of a patient's physical fitness to make sure a person has the capacity to perform the exercises.

Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is a fluid-electrolyte disorder caused by a decrease in sodium levels (hyponatremia) during or up to 24 hours after prolonged physical activity. This disorder can develop when marathon runners or endurance event athletes drink more fluid, usually water or sports drinks, than their kidneys can excrete. This excess water can severely dilute the level of sodium in the blood needed for organs, especially the brain, to function properly.

Blood flow restriction training / Occlusion Training or Occlusion Training or KAATSU is an exercise and rehabilitation modality where resistance exercise, aerobic exercise or physical therapy movements are performed while using an Occlusion Cuff which is applied to the proximal aspect of the muscle on either the arms or legs. In this novel training method developed in Japan by Dr. Yoshiaki Sato in 1966, limb venous blood flow is restricted via the occlusion cuff throughout the contraction cycle and rest period. This result is partial restriction of arterial inflow to muscle, but, most significantly, it restricts venous outflow from the muscle. Given the light-load and strengthening capacity of BFR training, it can provide an effective clinical rehabilitation stimulus without the high levels of joint stress and cardiovascular risk associated with heavy-load training.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arturo Casadevall</span> Cuban-American scientist

Arturo Casadevall is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology and Infectious Diseases at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and the Alfred and Jill Sommer Professor and Chair of the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. He is an internationally recognized expert in infectious disease research, with a focus on fungal and bacterial pathogenesis and basic immunology of antibody structure-function. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convalescent plasma</span> Blood plasma from disease survivor

Convalescent plasma is the blood plasma collected from a survivor of an infectious disease. This plasma contains antibodies specific to a pathogen and can be used therapeutically by providing passive immunity when transfusing it to a newly infected patient with the same condition. Convalescent plasma can be transfused as it has been collected or become the source material for hyperimmune serum or anti-pathogen monoclonal antibodies; the latter consists exclusively of IgG, while convalescent plasma also includes IgA and IgM. Collection is typically achieved by apheresis, but in low-to-middle income countries, the treatment can be administered as convalescent whole blood.

Liise-anne Pirofski is a Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center. She is a Member of the Association of American Physicians, and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Academy of Microbiology, American College of Physicians and the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

In respiratory physiology, the oxygen cascade describes the flow of oxygen from air to mitochondria, where it is consumed in aerobic respiration to release energy. Oxygen flows from areas with high partial pressure of oxygen (PO2, also known as oxygen tension) to areas of lower PO2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David C. Poole</span> British-American physiologist

David Christopher Poole is a British-American scientist who researches oxygen transport in health and disease focusing on the mechanisms of exercise intolerance.

John Thompson Shepherd was a British-American cardiologist, medical researcher in cardiovascular physiology, and medical school dean. His research on the regulation of the cardiovascular system included "classic studies on reflex control of the circulation, haemodynamic responses to heat stress and exercise, and mechanisms of vasodilation."

References

  1. ↑ "Kinesiology Husman Lecture by Dr. Michael Joyner: "Physical Inactivity: What's Next?"". University of Maryland School of Public Health . Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  2. ↑ Casadevall, Michael J. Joyner, Arturo (2021-03-04). "For early testing of convalescent plasma, we were 'building the plane while we were flying it'". STAT. Retrieved 2023-12-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ "In Memoriam: Conrad F. Joyner". University of Arizona News. 2005-02-10. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  4. 1 2 3 "Michael J. Joyner, M.D." Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  5. ↑ Farrell, P. A.; Wilmore, J. H.; Coyle, E. F.; Billing, J. E.; Costill, D. L. (1979). "Plasma lactate accumulation and distance running performance". Medicine and Science in Sports. 11 (4): 338–344. ISSN   0025-7990. PMID   530025.
  6. ↑ Joyner, Michael J. (May 2015). "Mentorship and Learning to Ignore". The Physiologist. 58 (3): 115, 125–126. ISSN   0031-9376. PMID   26390711.
  7. ↑ "Michael J. Joyner, M.D." American Physiological Society . Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  8. ↑ "About". Human Limits: Michael J. Joyner, M.D. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  9. 1 2 "Michael J. Joyner, M.D." Mayo Clinic . Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  10. ↑ "Michael Joyner to Deliver Keynote at ACSM's Conference on Integrative Physiology of Exercise". American College of Sports Medicine (Press release). 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  11. ↑ "Michael Joyner, M.D. (ANES '92), receives an award, Mayo Clinic Rochester". Mayo Clinic Alumni Association. 2023-04-13. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  12. ↑ Joyner, Michael J.; Charkoudian, Nisha; Wallin, B. Gunnar (July 2010). "Sympathetic nervous system and blood pressure in humans: individualized patterns of regulation and their implications". Hypertension. 56 (1): 10–16. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140186. ISSN   1524-4563. PMC   2891078 . PMID   20497993.
  13. ↑ Joyner, Michael J.; Limberg, Jacqueline K.; Wehrwein, Erica A.; Johnson, Blair D. (August 2018). "Role of the carotid body chemoreceptors in glucose homeostasis and thermoregulation in humans". The Journal of Physiology. 596 (15): 3079–3085. doi:10.1113/JP274354. ISSN   1469-7793. PMC   6068216 . PMID   29377157.
  14. ↑ Joyner, Michael J.; Casey, Darren P. (2014-04-01). "Muscle blood flow, hypoxia, and hypoperfusion". Journal of Applied Physiology. 116 (7): 852–857. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00620.2013. ISSN   1522-1601. PMC   3972742 . PMID   23887898.
  15. ↑ Johnson, Blair D.; van Helmond, Noud; Curry, Timothy B.; van Buskirk, Camille M.; Convertino, Victor A.; Joyner, Michael J. (2014-07-15). "Reductions in central venous pressure by lower body negative pressure or blood loss elicit similar hemodynamic responses". Journal of Applied Physiology. 117 (2): 131–141. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00070.2014. ISSN   1522-1601. PMC   4459917 . PMID   24876357.
  16. ↑ Joyner, Michael J. (June 2023). "Towards a 21st century renaissance for passive immunity?". eBioMedicine. 92: 104626. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104626. ISSN   2352-3964. PMC   10220351 . PMID   37247496.
  17. ↑ Casadevall, Michael J. Joyner, Nigel Paneth, Arturo (2023-02-06). "Covid convalescent plasma: the 'little engine that could'". STAT. Retrieved 2023-12-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ↑ "Human and Integrative Physiology and Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory - Alumni". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  19. ↑ Tish, Lori (2017-01-01). "ACSM Clinician Profile". Current Sports Medicine Reports . 16 (1): 1. doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000318. ISSN   1537-890X. PMID   28067729. S2CID   33163081.
  20. ↑ Chin, Richard (2018-10-03). "Mayo Clinic expert on world-record athletes says a sub-2-hour marathon is possible". Minneapolis Star-Tribune . Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  21. ↑ MasonDigital (2023-11-14). "Doctor Sues Mayo Clinic Over Academic Freedom Violations". Academic Freedom Alliance. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
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