Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and development of both hardware and software. Computing has scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology and software engineering.
An information system (IS) is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. From a sociotechnical perspective, information systems are composed by four components: task, people, structure, and technology. Information systems can be defined as an integration of components for collection, storage and processing of data of which the data is used to provide information, contribute to knowledge as well as digital products that facilitate decision making.
Peter Pin-Shan Chen is a Taiwanese American computer scientist. He is a (retired) distinguished career scientist and faculty member at Carnegie Mellon University and Distinguished Chair Professor Emeritus at LSU. He is known for the development of the entity–relationship model in 1976.
The International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) is a global organisation for researchers and professionals working in the field of computing to conduct research, develop standards and promote information sharing.
Knowledge-based engineering (KBE) is the application of knowledge-based systems technology to the domain of manufacturing design and production. The design process is inherently a knowledge-intensive activity, so a great deal of the emphasis for KBE is on the use of knowledge-based technology to support computer-aided design (CAD) however knowledge-based techniques can be applied to the entire product lifecycle.
Service-oriented modeling is the discipline of modeling business and software systems, for the purpose of designing and specifying service-oriented business systems within a variety of architectural styles and paradigms, such as application architecture, service-oriented architecture, microservices, and cloud computing.
A cyber–physicalsystem (CPS) or intelligent system is a computer system in which a mechanism is controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms. In cyber–physical systems, physical and software components are deeply intertwined, able to operate on different spatial and temporal scales, exhibit multiple and distinct behavioral modalities, and interact with each other in ways that change with context. CPS involves transdisciplinary approaches, merging theory of cybernetics, mechatronics, design and process science. The process control is often referred to as embedded systems. In embedded systems, the emphasis tends to be more on the computational elements, and less on an intense link between the computational and physical elements. CPS is also similar to the Internet of Things (IoT), sharing the same basic architecture; nevertheless, CPS presents a higher combination and coordination between physical and computational elements.
James Hoe is a Taiwanese-American professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). He is interested in many aspects of computer architecture and digital hardware design, including the specific areas of FPGA architecture for computing; digital signal processing hardware; and high-level hardware design and synthesis. Professor Hoe’s current research focus is on devising a new FPGA architecture for power efficient, high-performance computing. His research group is working on developing an FPGA runtime environment that incorporates partial reconfiguration, virtualization, and protection features to manage an FPGA as a dynamically sharable multitasking compute resource.
Informatics is the study of computational systems. According to the ACM Europe Council and Informatics Europe, informatics is synonymous with computer science and computing as a profession, in which the central notion is transformation of information. In some cases, the term "informatics" may also be used with different meanings, e.g. in the context of social computing, or in context of library science.
Tata Research Development and Design Centre(TRDDC) is a software research centre in Pune, India, established by Tata Group's TCS in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Machine Learning, Software Engineering, Process Engineering and Systems Research.
Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) is a new manufacturing paradigm developed from existing advanced manufacturing models and enterprise information technologies under the support of cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), virtualization and service-oriented technologies, and advanced computing technologies. It transforms manufacturing resources and manufacturing capabilities into manufacturing services, which can be managed and operated in an intelligent and unified way to enable the full sharing and circulating of manufacturing resources and manufacturing capabilities. CMfg can provide safe and reliable, high quality, cheap and on-demand manufacturing services for the whole lifecycle of manufacturing. The concept of manufacturing here refers to big manufacturing that includes the whole lifecycle of a product.
Cloud engineering is the application of engineering disciplines to cloud computing. It brings a systematic approach to concerns of commercialization, standardization, and governance of cloud computing applications. In practice, it leverages the methods and tools of engineering in conceiving, developing, operating and maintaining cloud computing systems and solutions. It is about the process of designing the systems necessary to leverage the power and economics of cloud resources to solve business problems.
CELAR was a research project which successfully developed an open source set of tools designed to provide automatic, multi-grained resource allocation for cloud applications. In this way CELAR developed a solution that competes directly with Ubuntu Juju (software), Openstack Heat and Amazon Web Services. CELAR was developed with funding from the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development, sometimes abbreviated to FP7.
The service-oriented computing environment (SORCER) is a distributed computing platform implemented in Java. It allows writing network-programs that operate on wrapped applications (services) to spread across the network. SORCER is often utilized in scenarios similar to those where grids are used in order to run parallel tasks.
Cloud-based design and manufacturing (CBDM) refers to a service-oriented networked product development model in which service consumers are able to configure products or services and reconfigure manufacturing systems through Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), Hardware-as-a-Service (HaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). Adapted from the original cloud computing paradigm and introduced into the realm of computer-aided product development, Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing is gaining significant momentum and attention from both academia and industry.
Bashir Mohammed Ali Al-Hashimi, CBE, FRS, FREng, FIEEE, FIET, FBCS is a recognised multidisciplinary global researcher with sustained and pioneering contributions to computer engineering and a prominent academic and higher education leader. He is Vice President and ARM Professor of Computer Engineering at King's College London in the United Kingdom. He was the co-founder and co-director of the ARM-ECS Research Centre, an industry-university collaboration partnership involving the University of Southampton and ARM. He is actively involved in promoting science and engineering for young people and regularly contributes to engineering higher education and skills national debates.
Bernd Johann Krämer is a German computer scientist and professor emeritus of the Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics.
The International Conference on Service Oriented Computing, short ICSOC, is an annual conference providing an outstanding forum for academics, industry researchers, developers, and practitioners to report and share groundbreaking work in service-oriented computing. ICSOC has an 'A' rating from the Excellence in Research in Australia (ERA). Calls for Papers are regularly published on WikiCFP and on the conference website. The conference is also listed in Elsevier's Global Events List.
A digital twin is a digital model of an intended or actual real-world physical product, system, or process that serves as the effectively indistinguishable digital counterpart of it for practical purposes, such as simulation, integration, testing, monitoring, and maintenance. The digital twin has been intended from its initial introduction to be the underlying premise for Product Lifecycle Management and exists throughout the entire lifecycle of the physical entity it represents. Since information is granular, the digital twin representation is determined by the value-based use cases it is created to implement. The digital twin can and does often exist before there is a physical entity. The use of a digital twin in the creation phase allows the intended entity's entire lifecycle to be modeled and simulated. A digital twin of an existing entity may be used in real-time and regularly synchronized with the corresponding physical system.
Frank Leymann is a German computer scientist and mathematician. He is professor of computer science at the University of Stuttgart, Germany, and director and founder of the Institute of Architecture of Application Systems (IAAS).
